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UNESCO pub. Case studies of literacy campaigns in Brazil, Myanmar, Cuba, China, Somalia, Tanzania the USSR and Viet Nam - points out the social implications of illiteracy, its impact on the individual, the family, the community, society and economic development; provides guidelines for educational planning and decision making for literacy campaigns.
National Literacy Campaigns by R.F. Arnove,H.J. Graff Pdf
We came to the task of editing this book from different disciplines and back grounds but with a mutuality of interest in exploring the concept of literacy campaigns in historical and comparative perspective. One of us is a professor of comparative education who has participated in and written about literacy campaigns in Third World countries, notably Nicaragua; the other is a com parative social historian who has written on literacy campaigns in Western his tory. Both of us believed that literacy could only be understood in particular As Harvey Graff has noted, "to consider any of the ways in historical contexts. which literacy intersects 'with social, political, economic, cultural, or psychological life ... requires excursions into other records.") Thus, we have set out in this edited collection to explore some five hundred years of literacy campaigns in vastly different societies: Reformation Germany, early modern Sweden and Scotland, the nineteenth-century United States, nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Russia and the Soviet Union, pre Revolutionary and Revolutionary China, and a variety of Third World countries in the post-World War II period (Tanzania, Cuba, Nicaragua, and India). In addition, we have included studies of the UNESCO-sponsored Experimental World Literacy Program and recent adult literacy efforts in three industrialized Western countries (the United Kingdom, France, and the United States).
Literacy Campaign in India by Mookkiah Soundarapandian Pdf
Contents: Total Literacy Campaign: A Review, Drop-outs in Total Literacy Campaign, Total Literacy Campaign on School Enrolment and Dropouts, Reading Materials to the Neo- Literates Under Post Literacy Campaign, Population Education Message to Neo Literates, Literacy Campaign and Empowerment.
Rebel Literacy is a look at Cuba's National Literacy Campaign of 1961 in historical and global contexts. The Cuban Revolution cannot be understood without a careful study of Cuba's prior struggles for national sovereignty. Similarly, an understanding of Cuba's National Literacy Campaign demands an inquiry into the historical currents of popular movements in Cuba to make education a right for all. The scope of this book, though, does not end with 1961 and is not limited to Cuba and its historical relations with Spain, the United States, and the former Soviet Union. Nearly 50 years after the Year of Education in Cuba, the Literacy Campaign's legacy is evident throughout Latin America and the 'Third World.' A world-wide movement today continues against neoliberalism and for a more humane and democratic global political economy. It is spreading literacy for critical global citizenship, and Cuba's National Literacy Campaign is a part of the foundation making this global movement possible. The author collected about 100 testimonies of participants in the Campaign, and many of their stories and perspectives are highlighted in one of the chapters. Theirs are the stories of perhaps the world's greatest educational accomplishment of the 20th Century, and critical educators of the 21st Century must not overlook the arduous and fruitful work that ordinary Cubans, many in their youth, contributed toward a nationalism and internationalism of emancipation.
National Literacy Campaigns and Movements by Jose Carlos Chiaramonte Pdf
Major campaigns to raise levels of literacy have taken place for centuries and share many common elements. But despite literary campaigns spanning over five decades, 860 million adults still lack minimal ability to read, write, and calculate. Why is literacy of such great importance and why have so many years of campaigning for it not been successful in fully overcoming this obstacle? "National Literacy Campaigns and Movements" explores these questions by examining campaigns in vastly different societies from a historical and comparative perspective.The volume focuses on literacy movements from the past, including those of Reformation Germany, early modern Sweden and Scotland, nineteenth-century United States, nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Russia and the Soviet Union, pre-Revolutionary and Revolutionary China, and Tanzania, Cuba, Nicaragua, and India. Contributors analyze literacy goals and outcomes in specific contexts. The editors distinguish quantitative and qualitative dimensions of literacy activities, such as the difference between the spread of literacy and patterns of its use. The common enterprise of this book is to expand upon the contributors' previous research to include a comparative dimension.This book offers the first systematic attempt to examine, critically and comparatively, the concepts and facts of large-scale literacy campaigns in more than a dozen societies over nearly five-hundred years. It offers a valuable historical lesson not only for historians, but also for educators: that instead of concentrating only on the recent period, we should use the vast and complex history of literacy movements to shed understanding on the present and future of literacy. A major new introduction to this edition asserts recent literary campaigns and the lessons provided by their success and failures. It also describes how the focus of some movements has evolved.
Author : Charles E. Clark Publisher : Susquehanna University Press Page : 250 pages File Size : 49,5 Mb Release : 2000 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines ISBN : 1575910306
"This book demonstrates how the State attempted to impose literacy on illiterate portions of its population, and how various segments of the population reacted to the subsequent campaign."--BOOK JACKET.
This report on the International Seminar on Campaigning for Literacy at Udaipur, India is divided into three main parts. Part 1 describes the context and background of the seminar, its specific objectives, and the organization and procedures of the seminar. Part 2 provides an overview of the seminar proceedings. The inaugural statements are summarized to provide a framework to the deliberations. Reports follow that were presented by two sets of countries--those who had experience in conducting reputedly successful mass literacy campaigns (Somalia, Tanzania, Burma, Vietnam, Cuba) and those who had recently decided to conduct a mass literacy campaign or were planning to do so (Botswana, Ethiopia, Iraq, Kenya, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Zambia, Bangladesh, India, Thailand, Nicaragua). A section entitled "Conversations" reports on the concerns expressed, questions raised, and issues discussed by the participants. The section "Convergences" includes memoranda formally accepted and declarations made by the seminar participants generally. Part 3 discusses possibilities of transfer of experiences across the various countries, plans of individual nations, and possibilities of international cooperation. Appendixes provide information on the agencies that supported the seminar and on its participants and program. A short bibliography on literacy planning and implementation of literacy programs is included. (YLB)
Author : David Wigg,World Bank Publisher : Washington, D.C. : World Bank Page : 56 pages File Size : 46,7 Mb Release : 1994 Category : Indonesia ISBN : UOM:39015032292149
In a Class of Their Own by David Wigg,World Bank Pdf
Indonesia seems to be succeeding in its fight against illiteracy due to the choice of Bahasa Indonesia, a simple language, as the national language and as a unifying force. A literacy campaign is based on Package A, a group of 100 booklets. The main effort is to form groups that meet regularly and are taught by volunteer tutors. Many Package A booklets teach money-making skills, since women feel they can not join learning groups because they need that time to earn extra money. To put these skills into practice, a group can borrow money to use as working capital or to buy equipment. The structure to fight illiteracy is in place, and the political commitment and international support are there. Obstacles are older learners, lack of printed material, and holding students' attention. The whole literacy campaign hinges first on the tutors and second on the peniliks, field staff who supervise them. Incentives to motivate tutors include letting teachers earn credits toward promotion, competitions, and loans. Help with basic needs is provided to the poorest before attention is turned to learning. An effective way to break the continuous circle of neglect in which girls are trapped is to spend money on women's education, which is relatively inexpensive compared with other development investments and has the potential to transform society. More local libraries are planned to provide a plentiful supply of reading material to prevent people from slipping back into illiteracy. (YLB)
The Nicaraguan Literacy Campaign by Delane A. Bender-Slack Pdf
The author argues that modern notions of literacy can and should be informed by past successes in the field of literacy, but that there may be geographic and linguistic obstacles to knowing about them. Consequently, this book offers a view of the 1980 Cruzada Nacional de Alfabetización (CNA) or the National Literacy Crusade through the lens of a contemporary literacy professional in the United States. The goals of this book are to critically examine an important moment in the global history of literacy, celebrate the many successes of the crusade, analyze the transformative possibilities of such an endeavor, uncover the implications of the campaign for literacy today, and share an understanding of this historical event with an English-speaking audience. Practicing teachers, preservice teachers, teacher educators, and those interested in transforming education will read this book and engage in critical, collegial dialogue about what we do in schools, why we do what we do, and what might need to change in order to better meet the needs of our students, their teachers, and our democracy.