Exposure To Artificial Uv Radiation And Skin Cancer
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IARC Working Group on Risk of Skin Cancer and Exposure to Artificial Ultraviolet Light,International Agency for Research on Cancer
Author : IARC Working Group on Risk of Skin Cancer and Exposure to Artificial Ultraviolet Light,International Agency for Research on Cancer Publisher : WHO Page : 84 pages File Size : 54,8 Mb Release : 2006 Category : Medical ISBN : IND:30000110603366
Exposure to Artificial UV Radiation and Skin Cancer by IARC Working Group on Risk of Skin Cancer and Exposure to Artificial Ultraviolet Light,International Agency for Research on Cancer Pdf
This report represents the views and expert opinions of an IARC Working Group that met in Lyon, France, 27-29 June 2005
Sunlight, Vitamin D and Skin Cancer by Jörg Reichrath Pdf
The third edition is a comprehensive and updated overview of positive and negative effects of UV-exposure, with a focus on Vitamin D and skin cancer. Researchers, oncologists,and students will be provided with the most significant and timely information related to topics such as the epidemiology of skin cancer, the immune system and skin cancer, ultraviolet damage, DNA repair and Vitamin D in Nonmelanoma skin cancer and malignant melanoma. There have been a number of new, scientific findings in this fast moving field that necessitated a thoroughly updated and revised edition including new Vitamin D metabolites and skin cancer, new findings on the beneficial effects of UV and solar UV and skin cancer, adverse effects of sun protection and sunscreens, sun exposure and mortality, and more. The book will summarize essential, up-to-date information for every clinician or scientist interested in how to balance the positive and negative effects of UV‐exposure to minimize the risks of developing vitamin D deficiency and skin cancer.
U.s. Department of Health and Human Services,Office of the Surgeon General
Author : U.s. Department of Health and Human Services,Office of the Surgeon General Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform Page : 112 pages File Size : 54,7 Mb Release : 2014-10-21 Category : Medical ISBN : 1502903857
The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer by U.s. Department of Health and Human Services,Office of the Surgeon General Pdf
Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States, yet most cases are preventable. Every year in the United States, nearly 5 million people are treated for skin cancer, at an estimated cost of $8.1 billion. Melanoma, the most deadly form of skin cancer, causes nearly 9,000 deaths each year. Despite recent efforts to address risk factors, skin cancer rates continue to rise. While those with lighter skin are more susceptible, anyone can get skin cancer—and it can be serious, even deadly. Almost all of the conditions can be caused by unnecessary ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, usually from excessive time in the sun or from the use of indoor tanning devices. It is alarming that every year, nearly one out of every three young white women aged 16–25 engages in indoor tanning. It's important to shatter the myth that tanned skin is a sign of health. And a “base” tan is not a “safe” tan. Tanned skin is damaged skin. Understanding the risk of UV exposure is crucial to protecting ourselves and our loved ones. That is why “The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer” is important for all of us. It outlines action steps we can all take—as individuals, parents, educators, employers, policy makers, health care professionals, and communities—to reverse this alarming trend. As a nation, we can all do more to address skin cancer as a serious public health challenge. Everyone is urged to find out more about the risk of skin cancer—and what we all can do to prevent it.
IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,International Agency for Research on Cancer
Author : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,International Agency for Research on Cancer Publisher : IARC Page : 540 pages File Size : 55,5 Mb Release : 2004 Category : Medical ISBN : 9283212843
Some Drinking-water Disinfectants and Contaminants, Including Arsenic by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,International Agency for Research on Cancer Pdf
A working group of 23 experts from 13 countries met in Lyon to evaluate the evidence for carcinogenicity of arsenic (mostly naturally occurring) as a contaminant of drinking-water, and of the water-disinfectant chloramine. The working group also evaluated or re-evaluated four chlorination by-products found in drinking-water, namely chloral hydrate, di- and trichloroacetic acids, and 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (also known as MX). High-level exposure to arsenic in drinking-water occurs in some regions such as China, Latin America, Bangladesh and West Bengal. The Working Group reviewed epidemiological studies of human cancer (mainly ecological studies in Taiwan and Chile, and several case-control and cohort studies) in relation to arsenic in drinking-water. Arsenic in drinking-water (primarily inorganic, as arsenate and to a lesser extent arsenite) was evaluated as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) on the basis of sufficient evidence for an increased risk for cancer of the urinary bladder, lung and skin. Studies on inorganic arsenic in experimental animals provided limited evidence for its carcinogenicity, but sufficient evidence was found in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of dimethylarsinic acid (an organic form of arsenic), which produced urinary bladder tumours in rats and lung tumours in mice after oral administration.
Physical and Biological Hazards of the Workplace by Gregg M. Stave,Peter H. Wald Pdf
Completely updated version this classic reference covers both physical hazards and biological agents Provides updated information on protecting workers from proven and possible health risks from manual material handling, extremes of temperature and pressure, ionizing and non-ionizing (magnetic fields) radiation, shiftwork, and more Details major changes in our understanding of biological hazards including Ebola, Chikungunya, Zika, HIV, Hepatitis C, Lyme disease, MERS-CoV, TB, and much more All infectious diseases have been updated from an occupational health perspective Includes practical guidance on to how to set up medical surveillance for hazards and suggests preventive measures that can be used to reduce occupational diseases
Author : World Health Organization Publisher : World Health Organization Page : 48 pages File Size : 45,6 Mb Release : 2017-06 Category : Medical ISBN : 9789241512596
Artificial tanning devices: public health interventions to manage sunbeds by World Health Organization Pdf
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer among light-skinned populations. The chief environmental cause of skin cancer is ultraviolet radiation (UVR). UVR exposure comes mainly from the sun but over the past three decades there has been an increase in the use of artificial sources of UVR in the form of artificial tanning devices such as sunbeds stand up booths and facial tanners. This deliberate exposure to UVR for cosmetic purposes is increasing the incidence of the major types of skin cancer and driving down the age of first appearance.
Ultraviolet Light in Human Health, Diseases and Environment by Shamim I. Ahmad Pdf
This book is about the roles and importance of Ultraviolet (UV) light from sun and from man-made UV lamps in our daily life, on health and diseases, also its application in sterilization and treatment. The key words are: reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, UV mutagenicity, skin cancers, polymorphous light eruption, Xeroderma pigmentosum, vitiligo, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular diseases, dermatology, photobiology, photodermatosis, vitamin D synthesis, vitamin D efficiency, water sterilization, blood sterilization, phototherapies, skin tanning and UV dosimeter. The book starts with introduction to UV light and the history of development of UV lamps and its applications. It then moves to describing the interaction of this light with biological components and the production of reactive oxygen species, their roles in cell signaling, cellular defense from foreign invaders, in mutagenesis leading to skin diseases including vitiligo, polymorphous light eruption and various forms of skin cancer. Then it presents the synthesis and importance of UV light and diseases, induced due to the deficiency of vitamin D. Roles of UV light in sterilization, disinfection, phototherapies are depicted in the next part and finally use and abuse of UV light in tanning salon and the availability and importance of use of UV dosimeter are highlighted. The three main focuses of this book are: - Damage to biological systems by UV light leading to certain skin diseases; most importantly skin cancers. - Importance of UV light in the in vivo synthesis of vitamin D when human bodies are exposed to it. - Diseases caused due to the deficiency of vitamin D and the use of UV lamps in phototherapy and sterilization processes. The editor has considerable experience in publishing medical books and has used it critically selecting the matters which will attract the readers from many areas of medical and non-medical fields. It is hoped that the materials presented in this book will give great benefit and will stimulate both novice and expert researchers in the field. The book gives excellent overviews of the current status of research and pointers to the future research achievements. Clinicians, medical general practitioners, technicians and staff working in UV related industries and especially those working in tanning salon should benefit from the information presented in safe handling of this light.
Andrzej T. Slominski,Michal A. Zmijewski,Cezary Skobowiat,Blazej Zbytek,Radomir M. Slominski,Jeffery D. Steketee
Author : Andrzej T. Slominski,Michal A. Zmijewski,Cezary Skobowiat,Blazej Zbytek,Radomir M. Slominski,Jeffery D. Steketee Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 115 pages File Size : 46,6 Mb Release : 2012-06-02 Category : Medical ISBN : 9783642196836
Sensing the Environment: Regulation of Local and Global Homeostasis by the Skin's Neuroendocrine System by Andrzej T. Slominski,Michal A. Zmijewski,Cezary Skobowiat,Blazej Zbytek,Radomir M. Slominski,Jeffery D. Steketee Pdf
The skin, the body’s largest organ, is strategically located at the interface with the external environment where it detects, integrates and responds to a diverse range of stressors, including solar radiation. It has already been established that the skin is an important peripheral neuroendocrine-immune organ that is closely networked with central regulatory systems. These capabilities contribute to the maintenance of peripheral homeostasis. Specifically, epidermal and dermal cells produce and respond to classical stress neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and hormones, production which is stimulated by ultraviolet radiation (UVR), biological factors (infectious and non-infectious) and other physical and chemical agents. Examples of local biologically active products are cytokines, biogenic amines (catecholamines, histamine, serotonin and N-acetyl-serotonin), melatonin, acetylocholine, neuropeptides including pituitary (proopiomelanocortin-derived ACTH, b-endorphin or MSH peptides, thyroid stimulating hormone) and hypothalamic (corticotropin-releasing factor and related urocortins, thyroid-releasing hormone) hormones, as well as enkephalins and dynorphins, thyroid hormones, steroids (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex hormones, 7-δ steroids), secosteroids, opioids and endocannabinoids. The production of these molecules is hierarchical, organized along the algorithms of classical neuroendocrine axes such as the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA), hypothalamic-thyroid axis (HPT), serotoninergic, melatoninergic, catecholaminergic, cholinergic, steroid/secosteroidogenic, opioid and endocannabinoid systems. Disruptions of these axes or of communication between them may lead to skin and/or systemic diseases. These local neuroendocrine networks also serve to limit the effect of noxious environmental agents to preserve local and consequently global homeostasis. Moreover, the skin-derived factors/systems can also activate cutaneous nerve endings to alert the brain to changes in the epidermal or dermal environments, or alternatively to activate other coordinating centers by direct (spinal cord) neurotransmission without brain involvement. Furthermore, rapid and reciprocal communications between epidermal and dermal and adnexal compartments are also mediated by neurotransmission including antidromic modes of conduction. Lastly, skin cells and the skin as an organ coordinate and/or regulate not only peripheral but also global homeostasis.
Author : Richard P. Gallagher Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 178 pages File Size : 47,9 Mb Release : 2012-12-06 Category : Medical ISBN : 9783642826412
Epidemiology of Malignant Melanoma by Richard P. Gallagher Pdf
Interest in the etiology of malignant melanoma has increased enor mously in the last 10 years, after it was realized that the incidence of the cutaneous form of the disease was rising. Treatment of the disease has not improved dramatically, and our best hope for curtailing the rise in mortality and morbidity from the disease appears to be primarily through early detection and, per haps in the future, through prevention. It is thus very important for the medical community to be able to recognize individuals and groups at high risk of the disease because of either familial and con stitutional factors and lifestyle or exposure to environmental risk factors. This book, arising from a meeting held in Vancouver in 1984, pro vides a summary of the latest findings amo ~ Caucasian popula tions along with perspectives on the most im, Jrtant environmental risk factors identified to date. Comparison of results from the four major analytic studies presented here also demonstrates that a num ber of factors implicated in other common cancers are probably not related to the incidence of melanoma. These include smoking, alco hol consumption, and for the most part, diet. The Vancouver conference was sponsored by the Cancer Control Agency of British Columbia, and was financially supported by Health and Welfare Canada (6610-1429-50), the Northern Califor nia Cancer Program (NCCP), Miles Laboratories (Canada), Bristol Myers Laboratories (Canada), and Plough Canada Inc.
Sustainable Practices in the Textile Industry by Luqman Jameel Rather,Mohd Shabbir,Aminoddin Haji Pdf
The increasing environmental and health concerns owing to the use of large quantities of water and hazardous chemicals in conventional textile finishing processes has lead to the design and development of new dyeing strategies and technologies. Sustainable Practices in the Textile Industry comprises 13 chapters from various research areas dealing with the application of different sustainable technologies for enhancing the dyeing and comfort properties of textile materials with substantial reduction in wastewater problems. Chapters focus on the sophisticated methods for improving dye extraction and dyeing properties which will minimize the use of bioresource products. This book also brings out the innovative ways of wet chemical processing to alleviate the environmental impacts arising from this sector. This book also discusses innovations in eco-friendly methods for textile wet processes and applications of enzymes in textiles in addition to the advancements in the use of nanotechnology for wastewater remediation.
Challenges in Sun Protection by Christian Surber,Uli Osterwalder Pdf
In the early 20th century, tanned skin was associated with good health. However, people began to protect themselves against potential overexposure to avoid sunburns. Around 1945, the first sunscreen products became available. In the years to follow, a vast number of different sunscreen filters and frameworks regulating filter substances and preparations, and methods characterizing sunscreen products were developed. The perception regarding the tasks of sunscreen products changed several times - initially it was promoted as a lifestyle product, then as a skin cancer preventive means, and more recently also for anti-aging. Different purposes and the widespread use of these products have led to myriad studies and a wealth of information. In this volume, the editors present a current collection of information analyzing and discussing issues related to sunscreen products and their use. These include challenges regarding the ideal sunscreen product including filter selection and formulation issues, measurement methods, performance characterization, safety, and regulatory issues. Further papers address topics related to the use of sunscreen products in everyday life, in vulnerable cohorts and outdoor workers. Controversial topics such as environmental effects of sunscreen products and the risks and benefits of UV radiation in the context of skin cancer, vitamin D and cardiovascular and metabolic health are also covered.
Reducing Environmental Cancer Risk by Suzanne H. Reuben Pdf
Though overall cancer incidence and mortality have continued to decline in recent years, cancer continues to devastate the lives of far too many Americans. In 2009 alone, 1.5 million American men, women, and children were diagnosed with cancer, and 562,000 died from the disease. There is a growing body of evidence linking environmental exposures to cancer. The Pres. Cancer Panel dedicated its 2008¿2009 activities to examining the impact of environmental factors on cancer risk. The Panel considered industrial, occupational, and agricultural exposures as well as exposures related to medical practice, military activities, modern lifestyles, and natural sources. This report presents the Panel¿s recommend. to mitigate or eliminate these barriers. Illus.
Skin Cancer and UV Radiation by Peter Altmeyer,Klaus Hoffmann,Markus Stücker Pdf
UV radiation is recognized as the major risk factor for skin can cer. For the last three decades the incidence and mortality of skin cancer have been increasing steadily in almost all parts of the world. Unfortunately, there have been very few advances in the management and treatment of skin cancer. In comparison to other malignant tumors, skin cancer offers the unique opportuni ty to identify this tumor at an early stage. Thus, there is strong interest in preventing death by early diagnosis and prompt treat ment. The proceedings of the International Congress on Skin Cancer and UV Radiation which was held in Bochum Germany in October 1996, reflect the newest scientific standards in the field of skin cancer. The conference in Bochum was a platform for leading scientists from all over the world to discuss the complexity and diversity of UV radiation in its interaction with the skin. Starting with basic science like physiology, immunology, and molecular biochemistry of the skin as influenced by UV radiati on, the book presents a profound survey into the field of skin can cer by focusing on the latest scientific results in prevention, early detection, treatment, and epidemiology. The congress in Bochum in 1996 was organized to provide a starting point for coordinated European strategies against skin cancer with internationally renown scientists.
Photodermatology by Henry W. Lim,Herbert Honigsmann,John L. M. Hawk Pdf
Covering the entire array of photodermatological topics necessary to stand at the head of this burgeoning discipline, this source contains expertly written chapters that offer recommendations and guidelines from opinion-forming international authorities. Reviewing the entire range of photodermatoses, as well as the management, treatment, i
