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Modest Musorgsky was one of the towering figures of nineteenth-century Russian music. Now, in this new volume in the Master Musicians series, David Brown gives us the first life-and-works study of Musorgsky to appear in English for over a half century. Indeed, this is the largest such study of Musorgsky to have appeared outside Russia. Brown shows how Musorgsky, though essentially an amateur with no systematic training in composition, emerged in his first opera, Boris Godunov, as a supreme musical dramatist. Indeed, in this opera, and in certain of his piano pieces in Pictures at an Exhibition, Musorgsky produced some of the most startlingly novel music of the whole nineteenth century. He was also one of the most original of all song composers, with a prodigious gift for uncovering the emotional content of a text. As Brown illuminates Musorgsky's work, he also paints a detailed portrait of the composer's life. He describes how, unlike the systematic and disciplined Tchaikovsky, Musorgsky was a fitful composer. When the inspiration was upon him, he could apply himself with superhuman intensity, as he did when composing the initial version of Boris Godunov. Sadly, Musorgsky deteriorated in his final years, suffering periods of inner turmoil, when his alcoholism would be out of control. Finally, unemployed and all but destitute, he died at age forty-two. His failure to complete his two remaining operas, Khovanshchina and Sorochintsy Fair, Brown concludes, is one of music's greatest tragedies. Written by one of the leading authorities on nineteenth-century Russian composers, Musorgsky is the finest available biography of this giant of Russian music.
MUSSORGSKY'S PICTURES AT AN EXHIBITION by Timur Mustakimov Pdf
As a pianist, I had the opportunity to study Modest Mussorgsky's Pictures at anExhibition, Op. 11 for many years. Performing it on stage remains the most insightful source for understanding the work and its complex beauty. Through playing it more and more, my perception of Pictures became more concrete and detailed. At the same time, it was clear how firmly it could withstand different interpretations. This work can be approached in infinite ways in order to solve the technical challenges and to accomplish the ultimate goal of holding the piece together on the stage. Mussorgsky's cycle stands alone in its grandeur and truly represents the enigmatic nature of Russian music. His "unpolished" style of writing - Mussorgsky was considered an amateur by his distinguished colleagues such as Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky - contributes to the dramatic effect of the composition. Vladimir Ashkenazy, in his preface to the Wiener Urtext edition of Pictures at an Exhibition, perfectly sums up the profundity and importance of the work: Perhaps the most important and crucial point in understanding this piece is that although it was conceived initially as a programmatic cycle, the result is music that not only goes far beyond mere descriptive qualities but in fact gives us a penetrating insight into the dark and brooding spirit of Mussorgsky - or for that matter of Russia itself. (x) The monograph consists of ten chapters. In Chapter 1, I describe the social and historic aspects of Mussorgsky's time, and his attempts to find an authentic Russian voice in his composition. iv Chapter 2 covers the motifs embedded in the cycle and a description of each visual picture seen by Mussorgky as he goes through the exhibition. Not all of Hartmann's original pictures survived. The "Promenades," which connect the pictures in the cycle are discussed in Chapter 3. I attempt to visualize and understand the composer based on how each "Promenade" reflects his reaction upon seeing the pictures at the gallery. Chapter 4 analyzes the meaning of the rhythm in the cycle, how it represents the images Mussorgsky creates, and how it serves compositionally as a binding mechanism of the form. Chapter 5 discusses the composer's revolutionary sense of harmony. Chapter 6 gives a few practical fingering solutions in the most technically demanding moments of the cycle. Additionally, I discuss the pedaling which is not indicated by the composer, leaving the door open for the personal choices of the performer. Chapter 7 compares motivic and textural connections with other works such as Songs and Dances of Death and Boris Godunov. Chapter 8 gives insight through visual artists in connection to Mussorgky. Repin, a close friend of Mussorgsky who painted his most famous portrait, describes Mussorgsky's deteriorating physical condition at the end of his life. Another great Russian modern painter Kandinsky was inspired by the music and created a visualization of his cycle in the twentieth century. The chapter 9 discusses a few differences in the musical editions. By now, there is no longer controversy about the manuscript of the work nor discrepancies between editions. However, Rimsky-Korsakov's alterations of the original manuscript in the first edition v are observed. Because the score is both authentic and objective, the editions providing editorial remarks are not included in this chapter. For the same reason, I found it unnecessary to mention arrangements, including the famous orchestration by Maurice Ravel and Vladimir Horowitz's piano arrangement. In chapter 10, I summarize the research on Pictures. Michel-Dimitri Calvocoressi (1877 -1944) was a prominent writer on music and a distinguished advocate of Russian music. His particular interest was the life and music of Modest Mussorgsky. Known by the music community as a dedicatee of Maurice Ravel's Alborada Del Gracioso, Calvocoressi wrote three books on Mussorgsky, which was the starting point of my research. Calvocoressi devoted himself to understanding the complex nature of the composer. In Modest Mussorgsky: His Life and Works, Calvocoressi writes: To write, at thirty-one years interval, two books on the same composer is bound to be a strange experience... By that time, it seemed reasonable to hope that a fairly adequate biographical and critical study could be achieved, even though many important materials (neither I nor anybody else realized how many) were still undiscovered or inaccessible. (x) The undiscovered materials eventually were brought to light, especially with Pavel Lamm's complete critical edition of Mussorgsky's works. However, Calvocoressi's perception of the composer's music greatly influenced the western musical world. One of the most comprehensive works on Pictures at an Exhibition was completed by Michael Russ. It includes all of the updated data and available sources. Russ, very well aware of the legacy of Calvocoressi, shares his sentiment and begins his book with this introduction: v i In his study of Mussorgsky written in the years coming up to the Second World War, M. D. Calvocoressi says of Pictures at an Exhibition: 'the whole suite... is an attractive but not particularly significant work.' (ix) In contrast, Solomon Volkov in his book Romanov Riches introduces Mussorgsky in a different manner: Mussorgsky was undoubtedly the most talented member of the Mighty Bunch, but no one in the group understood it. They treated him the way a family might a gifted but wayward child, despairing of his eccentric behavior, intemperate drinking, excessive (in the opinion of others) selfregard, and inability to work in an organized and concentrated manner (attention deficit disorder, perhaps). (218) All the literature on Pictures represents a detailed analysis of the work from a theoretical perspective, which makes the understanding of the work rather one-sided. My personal and practical understanding of how the work can be perceived and performed might provide a fuller appreciation for one of the greatest Russian piano compositions. I hope that my approach can bring a different pianistic outlook on the work, which can have practical application for students and teachers. For this monograph the last name Mussorgsky is spelled with "ss", while the spelling with "s" is preserved if used in the cited source. Occasionally, for the sake of variety Mussorgsky is addressed by his patronymic name Modest Petrovich. Italics are used for the title Pictures at an Exhibition or simply Pictures. When addressing Hartmann's sketches themselves, the word picture/pictures is written without italics. For the score examples, Pavel Lamm's edition is used. vi.
Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition by Anna Harwell Celenza Pdf
When his friend Victor suddenly dies, composer Mussorgsky is deeply saddened. But, with the help of his friends, and through his own music, Modest finds a way to keep Victor's spirit alive. Readers of all ages will enjoy the inspirational story behind the composition of Pictures at an Exhibition. Bright, colorful illustrations incorporate elements of Russian folk art and traditional symbols. View pages from artist JoAnn Kitchel's notebook for explanations of the symbols and see her pencil-sketch research of the Russian culture.
Two Hundred Years of Pushkin by Joe Andrew,Robert Reid Pdf
Pushkin's status as Russia's national poet rests as much on the breadth of his cultural influence as on the intrinsic quality of his works. Pushkin's Legacy reflects in various ways the areas in which this influence has been felt. Part I considers some of the key factors in defining Pushkin for posterity, in particular the crucial role played by the critic Belinskii and the problematics of periodising Pushkin. Part II examines the richness of Pushkin's poetics, including the ways in which his work challenged the established boundaries between poetry and prose. Part III examines Russian music's debt to Pushkin and vice versa: Russian music's role in popularising his works. Part IV examines Pushkin's influence abroad via studies of his influence on Mérimée and Henry James and, on a more personal level, through his descendants in England. Pushkin's Legacy offers a variety of approaches to Pushkin and his oeuvre and to the nature of his complex impact on Russian and European culture. Pushkin's Legacy is the third volume devoted to Pushkin to be published in the SSLP series, under the general title Two Hundred Years of Pushkin. It follows volume I, Pushkin's Secret: Russian Writers Reread and Rewrite Pushkin, and volume II, Alexander Pushkin: Myth and Monument.
Research Materials in Music by Phillip R. Rehfeldt Pdf
This text was developed for use in a standard college-level "introduction to graduate studies" course in musicology that I taught for thirty-three years at the University of Redlands.
A fascinating history of the piano explored through 100 pieces chosen by one of the UK's most renowned concert pianists "Tomes . . . casts her net widely, taking in chamber music and concertos, knotty avant-garde masterworks and (most welcome) jazz."--Richard Fairman, Financial Times, "Best Books of 2021: Classical Music" "[One of] the most beautiful books I got my hands on this year. . . . About the shaping of this maddening, glorious, unconquerable instrument."--Jenny Colgan, Spectator, "Books of the Year" An astonishingly versatile instrument, the piano allows just two hands to play music of great complexity and subtlety. For more than two hundred years, it has brought solo and collaborative music into homes and concert halls and has inspired composers in every musical genre--from classical to jazz and light music. Charting the development of the piano from the late eighteenth century to the present day, pianist and writer Susan Tomes takes the reader with her on a personal journey through 100 pieces including solo works, chamber music, concertos, and jazz. Her choices include composers such as Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Robert Schumann, Tchaikovsky, Debussy, Gershwin, and Philip Glass. Looking at this history from a modern performer's perspective, she acknowledges neglected women composers and players including Fanny Mendelssohn, Maria Szymanowska, Clara Schumann, and Amy Beach.
One of the first Russian tone poems, Night on Bald Mountain had its genesis in the late 1850s when Mussorgsky started sketches for a projected opera: St. John's Eve (1858), later changed to The Witch (1860) - based upon a scenario about a witches' sabbath on St. John's Eve. These were abandonded by the early 1860s but Mussorgsky contemplated a tone poem using the material featuring piano and orchestra along the lines of Liszt's Totentanz. The work was finally completed on St. John's Eve (June 23) of 1867 as an orchestral tone poem entited St. John's Eve on the Bare Mountain. The symphonic poem was never performed in the composer's lifetime. After rejection for performance, Mussorgsky reworked the material two more times for operatic projects that never materialized. After the composer's death his friend Rimsky-Korsakov prepared a new arrangement based on the last version composed for the opera Sorochintsy Fair which was published in 1886. Rimsky's arrangement became very popular, especially after its use in the 1939 Walt Disney film Fantasia in a very bowldwerized orchestration made by Leopold Stowkowski. Rimsky's setting is the work offered here - in a newly engraved edition by Richard W. Sargeant, Jr. It is now often regarded as more of a fantasy on themes by Mussorgsky composed by Rimsky-Korsakov. IMSLP page Wikipedia article
Pictures at an Exhibition by Modest Mussorgsky Pdf
Over 200 works of the well-known Edition Eulenburg series of scores from orchestral and choral literature, chamber music and music theatre are now available in digital format. You can now enjoy the yellow study scores digitally with one click in excellent reproduction quality. Über 200 Werke der berühmten Edition Eulenburg Partiturreihe für Orchester- und Chorliteratur, Kammermusik und Musiktheater sind nun auch in einer digitalen Aufbereitung erhältlich. In optisch hervorragender Darstellung kann man die gelben Studienpartituren mit einem Klick jetzt auch digital genießen.