Sludge

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Sludge

Author : Cass R. Sunstein
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2021-09-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780262365338

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Sludge by Cass R. Sunstein Pdf

How we became so burdened by red tape and unnecessary paperwork, and why we must do better. We've all had to fight our way through administrative sludge--filling out complicated online forms, mailing in paperwork, standing in line at the motor vehicle registry. This kind of red tape is a nuisance, but, as Cass Sunstein shows in Sludge, it can also also impair health, reduce growth, entrench poverty, and exacerbate inequality. Confronted by sludge, people just give up--and lose a promised outcome: a visa, a job, a permit, an educational opportunity, necessary medical help. In this lively and entertaining look at the terribleness of sludge, Sunstein explains what we can do to reduce it. Because of sludge, Sunstein, explains, too many people don't receive benefits to which they are entitled. Sludge even prevents many people from exercising their constitutional rights--when, for example, barriers to voting in an election are too high. (A Sludge Reduction Act would be a Voting Rights Act.) Sunstein takes readers on a tour of the not-so-wonderful world of sludge, describes justifications for certain kinds of sludge, and proposes "Sludge Audits" as a way to measure the effects of sludge. On balance, Sunstein argues, sludge infringes on human dignity, making people feel that their time and even their lives don't matter. We must do better.

Activated Sludge Separation Problems

Author : Valter Tandoi,David Jenkins,Jiri Wanner
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781900222846

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Activated Sludge Separation Problems by Valter Tandoi,David Jenkins,Jiri Wanner Pdf

The Activated Sludge (AS) Process is old technology but is still widely adopted worldwide for its convenience and simplicity: an impressive number (many hundred of thousands) of this kind of system are in operation. Occasionally, problems such as bulking and foaming occur, causing regulation violations and large investment is often required immediately to control them. For this reason, an intense research effort has been made during the last few decades to face these problems, and this report details the work undertaken by the IWA Specialist Group on Activated Sludge Population Dynamics. This Scientific and Technical Report describes the main reasons fslyuor the growth of the different filamentous microorganisms in activated sludge, and the biological molecular tools available today for the identification of the main biomass components. The wide range of experiences around the world is documented and the methods to avoid the proliferation of these organisms are presented and critically reviewed. Activated Sludge Separation Problems consists of seven chapters, presenting up-to-date technical and scientific aspects of these processes. Scientific and Technical Report No. 16

Factors Influencing Sludge Utilization Practices in Europe

Author : R.D. Davis,H. Haeni,P. L'Hermite
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2003-09-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780203214954

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Factors Influencing Sludge Utilization Practices in Europe by R.D. Davis,H. Haeni,P. L'Hermite Pdf

Proceedings of a Round-Table Seminar organized by the Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General for Science for Research and Development Programme, Liebefeld, Switzerland, 8-10 May 1985.

Sludge

Author : Peter Davies,Susan Lawrence
Publisher : Black Inc.
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9781743821091

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Sludge by Peter Davies,Susan Lawrence Pdf

The fascinating, troubling legacy of the gold rush. Everyone knows gold made Victoria rich. But did you know gold mining was disastrous for the land, engulfing it in floods of sand, gravel and silt that gushed out of the mines? Or that this environmental devastation still affects our rivers and floodplains? Victorians had a name for this mining waste: ‘sludge’. Sludge submerged Victoria’s best grapevines near Bendigo, filled Laanecoorie Reservoir on the Loddon River and flowed down from Beechworth over thousands of hectares of rich agricultural land. Children and animals drowned in sludge lakes. Mining effluent contaminated three-quarters of Victoria’s creeks and rivers. Sludge is the compelling story of the forgotten filth that plagued nineteenth-century Victoria. It exposes the big dirty secret of Victoria’s mining history – the way it transformed the state’s water and land, and how the battle against sludge helped lay the ground for the modern environmental movement. ‘Sludge is a fascinating, entangled story of human endeavour and environmental destruction. An exciting and timely reminder that history is a dirty business, precisely because it oozes its way into the present.’ —Clare Wright ‘Sludge, slurry, slickens or porridge: call it what you will, mining waste made a mess of Victoria’s environment. In Sludge, Susan Lawrence and Peter Davies carefully investigate this murky history of greed, mismanagement, reform and forgetting. It is a gripping account of an environmental catastrophe, and it vividly conveys the long-term costs of short-term gains.’—Billy Griffiths ‘This is the book about the goldfields I most wanted to read but didn’t think could be written. It’s a remarkable achievement.’—Tom Griffiths ‘If Victorians dreamed of glittering gold, what they got was a tidal wave of sludge that covered the land like a poisonous blanket and made the rivers run thick as gruel. Susan Lawrence and Peter Davies vividly recreate the forgotten landscapes of nineteenth-century Victoria, revealing how people and mining destroyed the country that nurtured them, and how that silent legacy is still with us today. Here is a powerful parable, a work of brilliant rediscovery and a wakeup call for our own times.’ —Grace Karskens

Sludge Treatment and Disposal

Author : Cleverson Vitorio Andreoli,Marcos Von Sperling,Fernando Fernandes,Mariska Ronteltap
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2007-03-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781843391661

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Sludge Treatment and Disposal by Cleverson Vitorio Andreoli,Marcos Von Sperling,Fernando Fernandes,Mariska Ronteltap Pdf

Sludge Treatment and Disposal is the sixth volume in the series Biological Wastewater Treatment. The book covers in a clear and informative way the sludge characteristics, production, treatment (thickening, dewatering, stabilisation, pathogens removal) and disposal (land application for agricultural purposes, sanitary landfills, landfarming and other methods). Environmental and public health issues are also fully described. About the series: The series is based on a highly acclaimed set of best selling textbooks. This international version is comprised by six textbooks giving a state-of-the-art presentation of the science and technology of biological wastewater treatment. Other titles in the series are: Volume 1: Waste Stabilisation Ponds; Volume 2: Basic Principles of Wastewater Treatment; Volume 3: Waste Stabilization Ponds; Volume 4: Anaerobic Reactors; Volume 5: Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors

Sludge Engineering

Author : F. Dilek Sanin,William Wade Clarkson,P. Aarne Vesilind
Publisher : DEStech Publications, Inc
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Sewage sludge
ISBN : 9781932078879

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Sludge Engineering by F. Dilek Sanin,William Wade Clarkson,P. Aarne Vesilind Pdf

Intended for advanced students and practitioners of wastewater engineering, this text explains the theory and quantitative rationale for treating wastewater and industrial sludges, with public safety and efficiency in mind. It offers important information on various practices for safe and legal sludge disposal.

Activated Sludge

Author : Wesley Eckenfelder
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1998-08-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0203968565

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Activated Sludge by Wesley Eckenfelder Pdf

Contents: Process Theory Kinetics and Sludge Quality Control: Activated Sludge Process - Process Theory - Activated Sludge Separation Problems - References Activated Sludge Treatment of Municipal Wastewater U.S.A. Practice: General Approach - Clarifier Design - Aeration Tank (Reactor) Design - Appurtenance Design - Configurations - ReferencesEurope

Water, Wastewater, and Sludge Filtration

Author : C. Visvanathan,Roger Ben Aim
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1989-02-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0849369835

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Water, Wastewater, and Sludge Filtration by C. Visvanathan,Roger Ben Aim Pdf

A comprehensive and up-to-date account of filtration in solid-liquid separation processes, with a sharp focus on the influence of pro-cess variables on performance and specific applications is pre-sented in this volume. With contribu-tions from researchers with significant industrial experi-ence, as well as by senior academics, this publication fea-tures a deep bed filtration overview with informa-tion on mathematical modeling and application in wastewater treat-ment. Pre-treatment filtration techniques such as cartridge filters, pre-coat filters and micro screening are included. Membrane filtration processes to remove dis-solved and suspended solids for the recovery of valuable ma-terials and the provision of high quality water are covered. Sludge de-watering methods such as centrifuga-tion, and vacuum and pressure filtration are described. Application status data, tables, figures and diagrams are also included. This volume is of special interest to practicing engineers and technolo-gists dealing with treatment problems requiring filtration solu-tions and to graduate students in environmental engineering.

Sludge Characteristics and Behavior

Author : J.B. Carberry,A.J. Englande
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789400968608

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Sludge Characteristics and Behavior by J.B. Carberry,A.J. Englande Pdf

As requirements for high quality wastewater effluent increase, quantities of sludge generated also increase. Contaminants removed from wastewater concentrate in the sludge and can represent serious environmental insult and health effects if not properly managed. The cost of sludge handling can be estimated to constitute as much as 50% of the cost of wastewater treatment. If properly managed, however, sludge may be considered a resource of value. Unfortunately, very little attention in the scientific commu nity has been given the sludge dilemma either in research or in practice. Sludge properties are presently characterized in various ways which do not permit rational design and operation of sludge management systems. The need for basic information regarding sludge properties and behavior was the impetus for a NATO Advanced Study Institute. The NATO Advanced Study Institute entitled "Sludge Character istics and Behavior" was held July 17-26, 1979, at the Uni versi ty of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA. The excellent program quality was a result of both outstanding lecturers and participants. Twelve countries were represented at the Institute so that both formal, professional discussions and informal social activities crossed a broad spectrum of cultures. Gratitude is expressed to all contributors to this volume. Special acknowledgement must be given to the Scientific Affairs Division of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Without its financial support, this Advanced Study Institute would not have been possible.

Sludge into Biosolids

Author : Ludovico Spinosa,P. A. Vesilind
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2001-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 1900222086

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Sludge into Biosolids by Ludovico Spinosa,P. A. Vesilind Pdf

With the increased volume of sewage sludge generated as a result of extended sewerage and advanced wastewater treatments, its management is becoming of ever greater concern in both industrialised and emerging countries.During recent years there has been a worldwide movement toward a strategy of reusing and taking advantage of the energy content of residues, in particular of transforming a waste material produced by a treatment works (sludge) into a useful and usable product (biosolid). The selection of a use/disposal method or management system is often based on factors such as local traditions, personal experience, public opinion, etc., with less emphasis on the much more important technical factors, such as local geography, climate, land use, availability of disposal sites and regulatory constraints.Sludge into Biosolids gives up-to-date coverage of sludge treatments and of its use and disposal, focusing on the practical aspects of sludge/biosolids management. Operational variables and sludge properties affecting each management operation are discussed.Sludge into Biosolids provides a comprehensive overview for practitioners, graduates and researchers as well as politicians, decision-makers and public administrators, not only of the different options for using/disposing of sewage sludge and the requirements to be met for each of them, but also of the different methods for processing sewage sludge in order to modify its physical, chemical and biological properties, to meet the requirements for its utilization.ContentsPart I: Sludge Production and CharacterizationPart II:Options for Biosolids Utilization and Sludge Disposal Part III: Treatments and Operations

Industrial and Municipal Sludge

Author : Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad,Paulo Jorge de Campos Favas,Meththika Vithanage,S.Venkata Mohan
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
Page : 856 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-04-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128159088

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Industrial and Municipal Sludge by Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad,Paulo Jorge de Campos Favas,Meththika Vithanage,S.Venkata Mohan Pdf

Industrial and Municipal Sludge: Emerging Concerns and Scope for Resource Recovery begins with a characterization of the types of sludge and their sources and management strategies. This section is followed by specific chapters that cover Emerging contaminants in sludge (Endocrine disruptors, Pesticides and Pharmaceutical residues, including illicit drugs/controlled substances), Bioleaching of sludge [with an enriched sulfur-oxidizing bacterial community, Recovery of valuable metals (Bioleaching and use of sulfur-oxidizing bacterial community, and Biogas production by continuous thermal hydrolysis and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. In addition, the book includes numerous tables and flow diagrams to help users further comprehend the subject matter. Includes numerous tables and flow diagrams to assist in the comprehension of new and existing sludge treatments and resource recovery technology Covers biogas production by continuous thermal hydrolysis and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge Presents information on the recovery of valuable metals from sludge (bioleaching and the use of a sulfur-oxidizing bacterial community) Includes opportunities and challenges in the biorefinery-based valorization of pulp and paper sludge

Wastewater Sludge Processing

Author : Izrail S. Turovskiy,P. K. Mathai
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2006-08-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780471791607

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Wastewater Sludge Processing by Izrail S. Turovskiy,P. K. Mathai Pdf

Reap the benefits of sludge The processing of wastewater sludge for use or disposal has been acontinuing challenge for municipal agencies. Yet, whensludge isproperly processed, the resulting nutrient-richproduct--biosolids--can be a valuable resource for agriculture andother uses. Wastewater Sludge Processing brings together a widebody of knowledge from the field to examine how to effectivelyprocess sludge to reap its benefits, yet protect publichealth. Presented in a format useful as both a reference for practicingenvironmental engineers and a textbook for graduatestudents, thisbook discusses unit operations used for processing sludge and theavailable methods for final disposition of the processed product.Topics discussed include sludge quantities and characteristics,thickening and dewatering, aerobicand anaerobic digestion, alkalinestabilization, composting, thermal drying and incineration, energyconsumption, and the beneficial use of biosolids. COMPREHENSIVE IN ITS COVERAGE, THE TEXT: * Describes new and emerging technologies as well as internationalmethods * Compares different types of sludge processing methods * Explains both municipal and industrial treatmenttechnologies Written by authors with decades of experience in the field,Wastewater Sludge Processing is an invaluable tool for anyoneplanning, designing, and implementing municipal wastewater sludgemanagement projects.

Sludge Thermal Hydrolysis: Application and Potential

Author : Bill Barber
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-05-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789060270

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Sludge Thermal Hydrolysis: Application and Potential by Bill Barber Pdf

Thermal hydrolysis is revolutionizing wastewater treatment. Current treatment methods have evolved little since pioneering work in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Subsequently, most wastewater treatment plants are not designed to meet modern drivers such as energy conservation and nutrient recovery. Additionally, sludge management is expensive and often not viewed in high regard by external stakeholders. By changing the properties of sewage sludge, thermal hydrolysis allows wastewater treatment works to become more efficient, enabling the treatment of greater flowrates to higher standards. Production of renewable energy from sludge is increased, whilst quantity of treated material reduced, which further decreases processing requirements and costs regardless of what they may be. This book, aimed at students and practitioners alike, describes the development of the technology, and highlights the design and economics by means of examples. Benefits and challenges related to thermal hydrolysis are also characterized alongside selected case-studies and ideas for future applications. Dr William (Bill) Barber has had a keen interest in thermal hydrolysis for numerous years and was instrumental in the development of Europe's largest facility as well as advising water utilities, consultants, researchers and government organizations on its potential to modernize wastewater treatment.

Faecal Sludge Management

Author : Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2014-08-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781780404738

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Faecal Sludge Management by Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic Pdf

It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.