Soft Matter In Non Equilibrium

Author : Shigeyuki Komura
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 435 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814360630

Get Book

Non-equilibrium Soft Matter Physics by Shigeyuki Komura Pdf

Soft matter is a concept which covers polymers, liquid crystals, colloids, amphiphilic molecules, glasses, granular and biological materials. One of the fundamental characteristic features of soft matter is that it exhibits various mesoscopic structures originating from a large number of internal degrees of freedom of each molecule. Due to such intermediate structures, soft matter can easily be brought into non-equilibrium states and cause non-linear responses by imposing external fields such as an electric field, a mechanical stress or a shear flow. Volume 4 of the series in Soft Condensed Matter focuses on the non-linear and non-equilibrium properties of soft matter. It contains a collection of review articles on the current topics of non-equilibrium soft matter physics written by leading experts in the field. The topics dealt with in this volume includes rheology of polymers and liquid crystals, dynamical properties of Langmuir monolayers at the air/water interface, hydrodynamics of membranes and twisted filaments as well as dynamics of deformable self-propelled particles and migration of biological cells. This book serves both as an introduction to students as well as a useful reference to researchers.

Author : Adam Wysocki
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 35 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:697838210

Get Book

Soft Matter in Non-equilibrium by Adam Wysocki Pdf

Author : Simone Napolitano
Publisher : Springer
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2015-08-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319219486

Get Book

Non-equilibrium Phenomena in Confined Soft Matter by Simone Napolitano Pdf

This book deals with those properties of non-equilibrium soft matter that deviate greatly from the bulk properties as a result of nanoscale confinement.The ultimate physical origin of these confinement effects is not yet fully understood. At the state of the art, the discussion on confinement effects focuses on equilibrium properties, finite size effects and interfacial interactions. However this is a limited vision which does not fully capture the peculiar behaviour of soft matter under confinement and some exotic phenomena that are displayed. This volume will be organized in the following three main themes. Equilibration and physical aging: treating non-equilibrium via the formal methodology of statistical physics in bulk, we analyse physical origin of the non-equilibrium character of thin polymer. We then focus on the impact of nanoconfinement on the equilibration of glasses of soft matter (a process of tremendous technological interest, commonly known as physical aging), comparing the latest trends of polymers in experiments, simulations with those of low-molecular weight glass formers. Irreversible adsorption: the formation of stable adsorbed layers occurs at timescales much larger than the time necessary to equilibrate soft matter in bulk. Recent experimental evidence show a strong correlation between the behaviour of polymers under confinement and the presence of a layer irreversibly adsorbed onto the substrate. This correlation hints at the possibility to tailor the properties of ultrathin films by controlling the adsorption kinetics. The book reports physical aspects of irreversible chain adsorption, such as the dynamics, structure, morphology, and crystallization of adsorbed layers. Glass transition and material properties: this section of the book focuses on the spread of absolute values in materials properties of confined systems, when measured by different experimental and computation techniques and a new method to quantify the effects of confinement in thin films and nanocomposites independently on the investigation procedure will be presented.

Author : Simone Napolitano
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3319219499

Get Book

Non-equilibrium Phenomena in Confined Soft Matter by Simone Napolitano Pdf

This book presents cutting-edge experimental and computational results and provides comprehensive coverage on the impact of non-equilibrium structure and dynamics on the properties of soft matter confined to the nanoscale. The book is organized into three main sections: · Equilibration and physical aging: by treating non-equilibrium phenomena with the formal methodology of statistical physics in bulk, the analysis of the kinetics of equilibration sheds new light on the physical origin of the non-equilibrium character of thin polymer films. Both the impact of sample preparation and that of interfacial interactions are analyzed using a large set of experiments. A historical overview of the investigation of the non-equilibrium character of thin polymer films is also presented. Furthermore, the discussion focuses on how interfaces and geometrical confinement perturb the pathways and kinetics of equilibrations of soft glasses (a process of tremendous technological interest). · Irreversible adsorption: the formation of stable adsorbed layers occurs at timescales much larger than the time necessary to equilibrate soft matter in bulk. The question is posed as to whether this process could be considered as the driving force of equilibration. In this section, the investigation of the physics of irreversible chain adsorption is accompanied by a detailed analysis of the molecular dynamics, structure, morphology, and crystallization of adsorbed layers. · Glass transition and material properties: the discussion covers a broad range of non-equilibrium phenomena affecting different families of soft materials - polymers, low molecular weight glass formers, and liquid crystals. In these systems, geometrical confinement induces the formation of non-equilibrium phases, otherwise not achievable via processing of bulk samples. The examples illustrated in this section show how non-equilibrium phenomena can be exploited as innovative processing parameters to fabricate novel nanomaterials with improved performance. Finally, the differences between experiments performed under equilibrium conditions and temperature scans from equilibrium to non-equilibrium states at the nanoscale are discussed.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 79 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:922875462

Get Book

Non-equilibrium Processes in Soft Matter by Anonim Pdf

Author : Roberto Cerbino,Alberto Fernandez-Nieves,Emanuela Del Gado,Irmgard Bischofberger,Ramon Castañeda-Priego,Luca Cipelletti
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 125 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2023-04-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832520352

Get Book

Probing Out-of-Equilibrium Soft Matter by Roberto Cerbino,Alberto Fernandez-Nieves,Emanuela Del Gado,Irmgard Bischofberger,Ramon Castañeda-Priego,Luca Cipelletti Pdf

Author : Michael E. Cates,M.R Evans
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 956 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2000-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 1420033514

Get Book

Soft and Fragile Matter by Michael E. Cates,M.R Evans Pdf

Covering colloids, polymers, surfactant phases, emulsions, and granular media, Soft and Fragile Matter: Nonequilibrium Dynamics, Metastability and Flow (PBK) provides self-contained and pedagogical coverage of the rapidly advancing field of systems driven out of equilibrium, with a strong emphasis on unifying conceptual principles rather than material-specific details. Written by internationally recognized experts, the book contains introductions at the level of a graduate course in soft condensed matter and statistical physics to the following areas: experimental techniques, polymers, rheology, colloids, computer simulation, surfactants, phase separation kinetics, driven systems, structural glasses, slow dynamics, and granular materials. These topics lead to a range of exciting applications at the forefront of current research, including microplasticity of emulsions, sequence design of copolymers, branched polymer dynamics, nucleation kinetics in colloids, multiscale modeling, flow-induced surfactant textures, fluid demixing under shear, two-time correlation functions, chaotic sedimentation dynamics, and sound propagation in powders. Balancing theory, simulation, and experiment, this broadly-based, pedagogical account of a rapidly developing field is an excellent compendium for graduate students and researchers in condensed matter physics, materials science, and physical chemistry.

Author : Roberto Mauri
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2012-11-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400754614

Get Book

Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics in Multiphase Flows by Roberto Mauri Pdf

Non-equilibrium thermodynamics is a general framework that allows the macroscopic description of irreversible processes. This book introduces non-equilibrium thermodynamics and its applications to the rheology of multiphase flows. The subject is relevant to graduate students in chemical and mechanical engineering, physics and material science. This book is divided into two parts. The first part presents the theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, reviewing its essential features and showing, when possible, some applications. The second part of this book deals with how the general theory can be applied to model multiphase flows and, in particular, how to determine their constitutive relations. Each chapter contains problems at the end, the solutions of which are given at the end of the book. No prior knowledge of statistical mechanics is required; the necessary prerequisites are elements of transport phenomena and on thermodynamics. “The style of the book is mathematical, but nonetheless it remains very readable and anchored in the physical world rather than becoming too abstract. Though it is up-to-date and includes recent important developments, there is a lot of classical material in the book, albeit presented with unprecedented clarity and coherence. The first six chapters are actually a very good introduction to the theory underlying many phenomena in soft matter physics, beyond the focus on flow and transport of the later chapters of the book.” Prof Richard A.L. Jones FRS, Pro-Vice-Chancellor for Research and Innovation, University of Sheffield

Author : Christina Kurzthaler,Luigi Gentile,Howard A Stone
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2023-03-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781839169472

Get Book

Out-of-equilibrium Soft Matter by Christina Kurzthaler,Luigi Gentile,Howard A Stone Pdf

The term active fluids refers to motions that are created by transforming energy from the surroundings into directed motion. There are many examples, both natural and synthetic, including individual swimming bacteria or motile cells, drops and bubbles that move owing to surface stresses (so-called Marangoni motions), and chemical- or optical-driven colloids. Investigations into active fluids provide new insights into non-equilibrium systems, have the potential for novel applications, and open new directions in physics, chemistry, biology and engineering. This book provides an expert introduction to active fluids systems, covering simple to complex environments. It explains the interplay of chemical processes and hydrodynamics, including the roles of mechanical and rheological properties across active fluids, with reference to experiments, theory, and simulations. These concepts are discussed for a variety of scenarios, such as the trajectories of microswimmers, cell crawling and fluid stirring, and apply to collective behaviours of dense suspensions and active gels. Emerging avenues of research are highlighted, ranging from the role of active processes for biological functions to programmable active materials, showcasing the exciting potential of this rapidly-evolving research field.

Author : Ladislaus Alexander Banyai
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 283 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2020-07-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811223822

Get Book

Lectures On The Non-equilibrium Theory Of Condensed Matter (Second Edition) by Ladislaus Alexander Banyai Pdf

This book discusses in depth many of the key problems in non-equilibrium physics. Besides the standard subjects (Boltzmann and Master equations, linear response) it includes several new important subjects as well. The origin of macroscopic irreversible (dissipative) behavior receives an extended attention and is illustrated in the framework of solvable classical models of open systems (Chapter 3). The scaling relationship between the kinetic and hydrodynamical levels is described in Chapter 9. The QED of charged non-relativistic particles and its restriction to the states without photons to order 1/c² leading to the current-current magnetic interaction is discussed in some depth in Chapters 14 and 15. Bose-Einstein condensation in real time within the frame of rate equations, as well as soliton-like solutions of the non-linear Gross-Pitaevskii equation are discussed in Chapter 22. The presentation also includes the latest developments — quantum kinetics — related to modern ultrafast spectroscopy (Chapters 23-30).This second edition was improved, restructured, and enriched with new results from the recent papers of the author. Chapter 3 was largely extended and Chapters 14 and 15 are completely new. Chapter 22 has a new Section. Several new useful figures were added throughout the book as well.

Author : Shashi Thutupalli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 127 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2013-09-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319007359

Get Book

Towards Autonomous Soft Matter Systems by Shashi Thutupalli Pdf

This book focuses on the assembly, organization and resultant collective dynamics of soft matter systems maintained away from equilibrium by an energy flux. Living matter is the ultimate example of such systems, which are comprised of different constituents on very different scales (ions, nucleic acids, proteins, cells). The result of their diverse interactions, maintained using the energy from physiological processes, is a fantastically well-organized and dynamic whole. This work describes results from minimal, biomimetic systems and primarily investigates membranes and active emulsions, as well as key aspects of both soft matter and non-equilibrium phenomena. It is shown that these minimal reconstitutions are already capable of a range of complex behaviour such as nonlinear electric responses, chemical communication and locomotion. These studies will bring us closer to a fundamental understanding of complex systems by reconstituting key aspects of their form and function in simple model systems. Further, they may also serve as the first technological steps towards artificial soft functional matter.

Author : Nick Proukakis
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 579 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781848168121

Get Book

Quantum Gases by Nick Proukakis Pdf

This volume provides a broad overview of the principal theoretical techniques applied to non-equilibrium and finite temperature quantum gases. Covering Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and the more recently realised exciton-polariton condensates, it fills a gap by linking between different methods with origins in condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, quantum optics, atomic physics, and statistical mechanics.

Author : Tobias Reusch
Publisher : Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783863951276

Get Book

Non-equilibrium dynamics of lipid bilayers : Time resolved x-ray scattering at in-house and synchrotron sources by Tobias Reusch Pdf

The main goal of this thesis was to extend and apply time resolved x-ray scattering experiments at in-house, synchrotron and free electron laser sources to soft matter sample systems, in particular aligned lipid multilayers on solid support. A special emphasis was placed on a characterization of the non-equilibrium fast time response of the multilamellar stack to shortly pulsed optical excitation as well as the acousto-electric field accompanying a surface acoustic wave (SAW). In addition to fundamental questions associated with non-equilibrium dynamics of soft matter films such as driven membrane undulations, this thesis addresses technological challenges of time resolved x-ray diffraction, in particular concerning the timing scheme that has been implemented at the synchrotron storage ring Petra III, DESY, Hamburg. Importantly, a conceptually new pulse resolved x-ray detection scheme, well exceeding the performance of present detector concepts, has been developed and is described in detail.

Author : Xiang Yang Liu
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Biomaterials
ISBN : 9811592985

Get Book

Frontiers and Progress of Current Soft Matter Research by Xiang Yang Liu Pdf

This book covers some fundamental aspects and frontiers in non-equilibrium physics and soft matter research. Apart from the basic knowledge on nonlinear statistic physics, dynamics, computer simulations, and main approaches and emerging systems in soft matter research, particular attention is devoted to new conceptual flexible functional materials and the enriching areas, such as silk meso-molecular materials, molecular gels, liquid crystals, flexible electronics and new types of catalysis, etc. One of the main characteristics of this book is to start with the structure formation dynamics and the correlation between the structures and macroscopic performance. This lays down the foundation for the mesoscopic materials design and functionalization. The book is intended for upper undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers who are interested in soft matter researches. As one of main references, the basic principles and technologies of computer simulations and experimental methods adopted in soft matter research are also explained. Illustrations and tables are included in this book to improve the readability, and examples and exercises are added to help understanding. .

Author : Wokyung Sung
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 435 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Biophysics
ISBN : 9402415858

Get Book

Statistical Physics for Biological Matter by Wokyung Sung Pdf

This textbook covers a broad range of topics in statistical physics, including statistical mechanics (equilibrium and non-equilibrium), soft matter and fluid physics, for applications to biological phenomena at both cellular and macromolecular levels. Typical statistical physics courses cover ideal gases (classical and quantum) and interacting units of simple structures. In contrast, even simple biological fluids are solutions of macromolecules, the structures of which are very complex. This book fills this wide gap by providing appropriate content as well as by explaining the theoretical method that typifies good modeling, namely, the method of coarse-grained descriptions that extract the most salient features emerging at mesoscopic scales. The major topics covered in this book include thermodynamics, equilibrium statistical mechanics, soft matter physics of polymers and membranes, non-equilibrium statistical physics covering stochastic processes, transport phenomena and hydrodynamics. Generic methods and theories are described with detailed derivations, followed by applications and examples in biology. By systematically and coherently covering the basic principles, this book helps the readers to build up their understanding of nonspecific concepts and theoretical methods, which they may be able to apply to a broader class of biological problems. While intended as a graduate level textbook, it can also address the interested senior level undergraduate. In addition, it is suitable for those involved in research on biological systems or soft matter based on physics, particularly on statistical physics.