Strengthening Forensic Science In The United States

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Sciences Community
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2009-07-29
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309142397

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Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Sciences Community Pdf

Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on Strengthening Forensic Science at the National Institute of Justice
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-03
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309376488

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Support for Forensic Science Research by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on Strengthening Forensic Science at the National Institute of Justice Pdf

Reliable and valid forensic science analytic techniques are critical to a credible, fair, and evidence-based criminal justice system. There is widespread agreement that the scientific foundation of some currently available forensic science methods needs strengthening and that additional, more efficient techniques are urgently needed. These needs can only be met through sustained research programs explicitly designed to ensure and improve the reliability and validity of current methods and to foster the development and use of new and better techniques. This task is challenging due to the broad nature of the field. Concerns have been raised repeatedly about the ability of the criminal justice system to collect and analyze evidence efficiently and to be fair in its verdicts. Although significant progress has been made in some forensic science disciplines, the forensic science community still faces many challenges. Federal leadership, particularly in regard to research and the scientific validation of forensic science methods, is needed to help meet the pressing issues facing state and local jurisdictions. This report reviews the progress made by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) to advance forensic science research since the 2009 report, Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward and the 2010 report, Strengthening the National Institute of Justice. Support for Forensic Science Research examines the ways in which NIJ develops its forensic science research priorities and communicates those priorities as well as its findings to the scientific and forensic practitioner communities in order to determine the impact of NIJ forensic science research programs and how that impact can be enhanced.

Author : National Academy of Sciences (U.S.). Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Science Community
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Forensic sciences
ISBN : 0309131278

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Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by National Academy of Sciences (U.S.). Committee on Identifying the Needs of the Forensic Science Community Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Law
ISBN : PSU:000066761440

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Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Law
ISBN : PURD:32754081266474

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Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Law
ISBN : UOM:39015090380109

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National Research Council's Publication "Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States, a Path Forward" by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Law
ISBN : PURD:32754081210829

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The Need to Strengthen Forensic Science in the United States by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on Scientific Approaches to Understanding and Maximizing the Validity and Reliability of Eyewitness Identification in Law Enforcement and the Courts
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2015-01-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309310628

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Identifying the Culprit by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on Scientific Approaches to Understanding and Maximizing the Validity and Reliability of Eyewitness Identification in Law Enforcement and the Courts Pdf

Eyewitnesses play an important role in criminal cases when they can identify culprits. Estimates suggest that tens of thousands of eyewitnesses make identifications in criminal investigations each year. Research on factors that affect the accuracy of eyewitness identification procedures has given us an increasingly clear picture of how identifications are made, and more importantly, an improved understanding of the principled limits on vision and memory that can lead to failure of identification. Factors such as viewing conditions, duress, elevated emotions, and biases influence the visual perception experience. Perceptual experiences are stored by a system of memory that is highly malleable and continuously evolving, neither retaining nor divulging content in an informational vacuum. As such, the fidelity of our memories to actual events may be compromised by many factors at all stages of processing, from encoding to storage and retrieval. Unknown to the individual, memories are forgotten, reconstructed, updated, and distorted. Complicating the process further, policies governing law enforcement procedures for conducting and recording identifications are not standard, and policies and practices to address the issue of misidentification vary widely. These limitations can produce mistaken identifications with significant consequences. What can we do to make certain that eyewitness identification convicts the guilty and exonerates the innocent? Identifying the Culprit makes the case that better data collection and research on eyewitness identification, new law enforcement training protocols, standardized procedures for administering line-ups, and improvements in the handling of eyewitness identification in court can increase the chances that accurate identifications are made. This report explains the science that has emerged during the past 30 years on eyewitness identifications and identifies best practices in eyewitness procedures for the law enforcement community and in the presentation of eyewitness evidence in the courtroom. In order to continue the advancement of eyewitness identification research, the report recommends a focused research agenda. Identifying the Culprit will be an essential resource to assist the law enforcement and legal communities as they seek to understand the value and the limitations of eyewitness identification and make improvements to procedures.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Evidence, Expert
ISBN : PURD:32754065347985

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Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence by Anonim Pdf

Author : Hon. Donald Shelton
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2010-10-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781442201897

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Forensic Science in Court by Hon. Donald Shelton Pdf

Forensic Science in Court explores the legal implications of forensic science—an increasingly important and complex part of the justice system. Judge Donald Shelton provides an accessible overview of the legal aissues, from the history of evidence in court, to "gatekeeper" judges determining what evidence can be allowed, to the "CSI effect" in juries. The book describes and evaluates various kinds of evidence, including DNA, fingerprints, handwriting, hair, bite marks, tool marks, firearms and bullets, fire and arson investigation, and bloodstain evidence. Assessing the strengths and limitations of each kind of evidence, the author also discusses how they can contribute to identifying the "who," "how," and "whether" questions that arise in criminal prosecutions. Author Donald Shelton draws on the depth of his experiences as courtroom prosecutor, professor, and judge, to provide a well-rounded look at these increasingly critical issues. Case studies throughout help bring the issues to life and show how forensic science has been used, both successfully and not, in real-world situations.

Author : United States. Congress,United States House of Representatives,Committee on the Judiciary
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-01-13
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1983789267

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National Research Council's Publication Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States, a Path Forward by United States. Congress,United States House of Representatives,Committee on the Judiciary Pdf

National Research Council's publication "Strengthening forensic science in the United States, a path forward " : hearing before the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, May 13, 2009.

Author : United States House of Representatives,Committee on the Judiciary (house),United States. Congress
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2019-10-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1697019595

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National Research Council's Publication "Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States, a Path Forward " by United States House of Representatives,Committee on the Judiciary (house),United States. Congress Pdf

National Research Council's publication "Strengthening forensic science in the United States, a path forward ": hearing before the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, May 13, 2009.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Human-Systems Integration,Committee on Workforce Planning Models for Forensic Science: A Workshop
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 63 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-02-20
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309451406

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Personnel Selection in the Pattern Evidence Domain of Forensic Science by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Human-Systems Integration,Committee on Workforce Planning Models for Forensic Science: A Workshop Pdf

In July 2016 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop with the goal of bringing together industrial and organizational (I-O) psychologists, experts on personnel selection and testing, forensic scientists, and other researchers whose work has a nexus with workforce needs in the forensic science field with a focus on pattern evidence. Participants reviewed the current status of selection and training of forensic scientists who specialize in pattern evidence and discussed how tools used in I-O psychology to understand elements of a task and measure aptitude and performance could address challenges in the pattern evidence domain of the forensic sciences. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Author : United States Congress,United States Senate,Committee on the Judiciary
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-17
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1978318669

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Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by United States Congress,United States Senate,Committee on the Judiciary Pdf

Strengthening forensic science in the United States: hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, first session, September 9, 2009.

Author : Wendy J Koen,C. Michael Bowers
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2016-12-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780128027387

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Forensic Science Reform by Wendy J Koen,C. Michael Bowers Pdf

Forensic Science Reform: Protecting the Innocent is written for the nonscientist to help make complicated scientific information clear and concise enough for attorneys and judges to master. This volume covers physical forensic science, namely arson, shaken baby syndrome, non-accidental trauma, bite marks, DNA, ballistics, comparative bullet lead analysis, fingerprint analysis, and hair and fiber analysis, and contains valuable contributions from leading experts in the field of forensic science. Offers training for prosecuting attorneys on the present state of the forensic sciences in order to avoid reliance on legal precedent that lags decades behind the science Provides defense attorneys the knowledge to defend their clients against flawed science Arms innocence projects and appellate attorneys with the latest information to challenge convictions that were obtained using faulty science Uses science-specific case studies to simplify issues in forensic science for the legal professional Offers a detailed overview of both the failures and progress made in the forensic sciences, making the volume ideal for law school courses covering wrongful convictions, or for undergraduate courses on law, legal ethics, or forensics