The Fox Spirit The Stone Maiden And Other Transgender Histories From Late Imperial China

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The Fox Spirit, the Stone Maiden, and Other Transgender Histories from Late Imperial China

Matthew H. Sommer
The Fox Spirit the Stone Maiden and Other Transgender Histories from Late Imperial China Book PDF

Author : Matthew H. Sommer
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2024-03-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9780231560207

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The Fox Spirit, the Stone Maiden, and Other Transgender Histories from Late Imperial China by Matthew H. Sommer Pdf

In imperial China, people moved away from the gender they were assigned at birth in different ways and for many reasons. Eunuchs, boy actresses, and clergy left behind normative gender roles defined by family and procreation. “Stone maidens”—women deemed physically incapable of vaginal intercourse—might depart from families or marriages to become Buddhist or Daoist nuns. Anatomical males who presented as women sometimes took a conventionally female occupation such as midwife, faith healer, or even medium to a fox spirit. Yet they were often punished harshly for the crime of “masquerading in women’s attire,” suspected of sexual predation, even when they had lived peacefully in their communities for many years. Exploring these histories and many more, this book is a groundbreaking study of transgender lives and practices in late imperial China. Through close readings of court cases, as well as Ming and Qing fiction and nineteenth-century newspaper accounts, Matthew H. Sommer examines the social, legal, and cultural histories of gender crossing. He considers a range of transgender experiences, illuminating how certain forms of gender transgression were sanctioned in particular social contexts and penalized in others. Sommer scrutinizes the ways Qing legal authorities and literati writers represented and understood gender-nonconforming people and practices, contrasting official ideology with popular mentalities. An unprecedented account of China’s transgender histories, this book also sheds new light on a range of themes in Ming and Qing law, religion, medicine, literature, and culture.

Redreaming the Renaissance

Mary Lindemann,Deanna Shemek
Redreaming the Renaissance Book PDF

Author : Mary Lindemann,Deanna Shemek
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2024-05-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9781644533383

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Redreaming the Renaissance by Mary Lindemann,Deanna Shemek Pdf

Redreaming the Renaissance seeks to remedy the dearth of conversations between scholars of history and literary studies by building on the pathbreaking work of Guido Ruggiero to explore the cross-fertilization between these two disciplines, using the textual world of the Italian Renaissance as proving ground. In this volume, these disciplines blur, as they did for early moderns, who did not always distinguish between the historical and literary significance of the texts they read and produced. Literature here is broadly conceived to include not only belles lettres, but also other forms of artful writing that flourished in the period, including philosophical writings on dreams and prophecy; life-writing; religious debates; menu descriptions and other food writing; diaries, news reports, ballads, and protest songs; and scientific discussions. The twelve essays in this collection examine the role that the volume’s dedicatee has played in bringing the disciplines of history and literary studies into provocative conversation, as well as the methodology needed to sustain and enrich this conversation.

Polyandry and Wife-Selling in Qing Dynasty China

Matthew H. Sommer
Polyandry and Wife Selling in Qing Dynasty China Book PDF

Author : Matthew H. Sommer
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015-09-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520287037

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Polyandry and Wife-Selling in Qing Dynasty China by Matthew H. Sommer Pdf

Polyandry. "Getting a husband to support a husband." Attitudes of families, communities, and women toward polyandry. The intermediate range of practice -- Wife-selling. Anatomy of a wife sale. Analysis of prices in wife sales. Negotiations between men in wife sales. Wives, natal families, and children. Four variations on a theme -- Polyandry and wife-selling in Qing law. Formal law and central court interpretation from Ming through high Qing. Absolutism versus pragmatism in central court treatment of wife sales. Flexible adjudication of routine cases in the local courts.

Sex, Law, and Society in Late Imperial China

Matthew Harvey Sommer
Sex Law and Society in Late Imperial China Book PDF

Author : Matthew Harvey Sommer
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 868 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780804745598

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Sex, Law, and Society in Late Imperial China by Matthew Harvey Sommer Pdf

This study of the regulation of sexuality in the Qing dynasty explores the social context for sexual behavior criminalized by the state, showing how regulation shifted away from status to a new regime of gender that mandated a uniform standard of sexual morality and criminal liability for all people, regardless of their social status.

The Cult of the Fox

Xiaofei Kang
The Cult of the Fox Book PDF

Author : Xiaofei Kang
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : 9780231133388

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The Cult of the Fox by Xiaofei Kang Pdf

For more than five centuries the shamanistic fox cult has attracted large portions of the Chinese population and appealed to a wide range of social classes. Deemed illicit by imperial rulers and clerics and officially banned by republican and communist leaders, the fox cult has managed to survive and flourish in individual homes and community shrines throughout northern China. In this new work, the first to examine the fox cult as a vibrant popular religion, Xiaofei Kang explores the manifold meanings of the fox spirit in Chinese society. Kang describes various cult practices, activities of worship, and the exorcising of fox spirits to reveal how the Chinese people constructed their cultural and social values outside the gaze of offical power and morality.

Transgender China

H. Chiang
Transgender China Book PDF

Author : H. Chiang
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 134934320X

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Transgender China by H. Chiang Pdf

This volume brings together experts with diverse disciplinary backgrounds in the China field, from cultural studies to history to musicology, to make a timely intervention—from the historical demise of enuchism to male cross-dressing shows in contemporary Taiwan—to inaugurate a subfield in Chinese transgender studies.

True to Her Word

Weijing Lu
True to Her Word Book PDF

Author : Weijing Lu
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2008-02-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9780804786782

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True to Her Word by Weijing Lu Pdf

This path-breaking book examines the broad cultural, social, and gender meanings of the "faithful maiden" cult in late imperial China (1368–1911). Across the empire, an increasing number of young women or "faithful maidens," defied their parents' wishes and chose either to live out their lives as widows upon the death of a fiancé or killed themselves to join their fiancé in death. The book analyzes the familial conflicts, government policies, ideological controversies, and personal emotions surrounding the cult. Concentrating on the dramatic acts of spirit wedding and suicide, the faithful maidens' unique code of conduct, and the extraordinary life journey of "virgin mothers," Lu documents the ideological, psychological, cultural, and economic aspects of these young women's mentality and behavior, and the implications of this behavior for their families and the broader society. The book's narrative of the faithful maiden cult interweaves late imperial political, cultural, social and intellectual history, thus, providing a new window onto the history of the late imperial period.

Know Your Remedies

He Bian
Know Your Remedies Book PDF

Author : He Bian
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2022-03-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691200132

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Know Your Remedies by He Bian Pdf

"Traditional Chinese medicine has been practiced in various forms for more than a thousand years. Practitioners may heal patients with herbal remedies, acupuncture, massage, exercise, and modified diets. Even today, herbal medicines are of particular importance; Chinese pharmacies containing a vast array of remedies can be found in cities and towns the world over. This book is an interdisciplinary and cultural history of the concept of "pharmacy," both the drugs themselves and the trade in medicine, during the Ming and Qing dynasties of early modern China. This was a time of change for traditional Chinese medicine and for Chinese science as a whole. Many historians have argued that sixteenth-century China was a high point of scientific inquiry, followed by a period of intellectual decline. Though political and intellectual shifts led to a crisis of authority over pharmaceutical knowledge in the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries, Bian argues that this period of supposed intellectual decline was in fact characterized by numerous efforts to further refine and spread the pharmacological knowledge amassed in the Ming dynasty. She draws on a wide range of primary sources, but particularly through the study of bencao (pronounced "pen ts'ao"), a genre of encyclopaedic works, often called matteria medica or pharmacopoeia in the West, that collect information on medicinal substances. As the early modern Chinese Empire expanded and print culture became more widespread, the pursuit of medical remedies became a significant commercial enterprise. The author connects theory and practice of pharmacy during the Ming and Qing dynasties to broader developments in intellectual history, book culture, commerce, and taxation"--

Albion's Seed

David Hackett Fischer
Albion s Seed Book PDF

Author : David Hackett Fischer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 981 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1991-03-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199743698

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Albion's Seed by David Hackett Fischer Pdf

This fascinating book is the first volume in a projected cultural history of the United States, from the earliest English settlements to our own time. It is a history of American folkways as they have changed through time, and it argues a thesis about the importance for the United States of having been British in its cultural origins. While most people in the United States today have no British ancestors, they have assimilated regional cultures which were created by British colonists, even while preserving ethnic identities at the same time. In this sense, nearly all Americans are "Albion's Seed," no matter what their ethnicity may be. The concluding section of this remarkable book explores the ways that regional cultures have continued to dominate national politics from 1789 to 1988, and still help to shape attitudes toward education, government, gender, and violence, on which differences between American regions are greater than between European nations.

Making It Count

Arunabh Ghosh
Making It Count Book PDF

Author : Arunabh Ghosh
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2020-03-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691179476

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Making It Count by Arunabh Ghosh Pdf

Revision of author's thesis (doctoral)--Columbia University, 2014, titled Making it count: statistics and state-society relations in the early People's Republic of China, 1949-1959.

Digital Roots

Gabriele Balbi,Nelson Ribeiro,Valérie Schafer,Christian Schwarzenegger
Digital Roots Book PDF

Author : Gabriele Balbi,Nelson Ribeiro,Valérie Schafer,Christian Schwarzenegger
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9783110740288

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Digital Roots by Gabriele Balbi,Nelson Ribeiro,Valérie Schafer,Christian Schwarzenegger Pdf

As media environments and communication practices evolve over time, so do theoretical concepts. This book analyzes some of the most well-known and fiercely discussed concepts of the digital age from a historical perspective, showing how many of them have pre-digital roots and how they have changed and still are constantly changing in the digital era. Written by leading authors in media and communication studies, the chapters historicize 16 concepts that have become central in the digital media literature, focusing on three main areas. The first part, Technologies and Connections, historicises concepts like network, media convergence, multimedia, interactivity and artificial intelligence. The second one is related to Agency and Politics and explores global governance, datafication, fake news, echo chambers, digital media activism. The last one, Users and Practices, is finally devoted to telepresence, digital loneliness, amateurism, user generated content, fandom and authenticity. The book aims to shed light on how concepts emerge and are co-shaped, circulated, used and reappropriated in different contexts. It argues for the need for a conceptual media and communication history that will reveal new developments without concealing continuities and it demonstrates how the analogue/digital dichotomy is often a misleading one.

China’s Good War

Rana Mitter
China s Good War Book PDF

Author : Rana Mitter
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2020-09-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674984264

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China’s Good War by Rana Mitter Pdf

Chinese leaders once tried to suppress memories of their nation’s brutal experience during World War II. Now they celebrate the “victory”—a key foundation of China’s rising nationalism. For most of its history, the People’s Republic of China discouraged public discussion of the war against Japan. It was an experience of victimization—and one that saw Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek fighting for the same goals. But now, as China grows more powerful, the meaning of the war is changing. Rana Mitter argues that China’s reassessment of the war years is central to its newfound confidence abroad and to mounting nationalism at home. China’s Good War begins with the academics who shepherded the once-taboo subject into wider discourse. Encouraged by reforms under Deng Xiaoping, they researched the Guomindang war effort, collaboration with the Japanese, and China’s role in forming the post-1945 global order. But interest in the war would not stay confined to scholarly journals. Today public sites of memory—including museums, movies and television shows, street art, popular writing, and social media—define the war as a founding myth for an ascendant China. Wartime China emerges as victor rather than victim. The shifting story has nurtured a number of new views. One rehabilitates Chiang Kai-shek’s war efforts, minimizing the bloody conflicts between him and Mao and aiming to heal the wounds of the Cultural Revolution. Another narrative positions Beijing as creator and protector of the international order that emerged from the war—an order, China argues, under threat today largely from the United States. China’s radical reassessment of its collective memory of the war has created a new foundation for a people destined to shape the world.

Chinese Grammatology

Yurou Zhong
Chinese Grammatology Book PDF

Author : Yurou Zhong
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9780231549899

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Chinese Grammatology by Yurou Zhong Pdf

Today, Chinese characters are described as a national treasure, the core of the nation’s civilizational identity. Yet for nearly half of the twentieth century, reformers waged war on the Chinese script. They declared it an archaic hindrance to modernization, portraying the ancient system of writing as a roadblock to literacy and therefore science and democracy. Movements spanning the political spectrum proposed abandonment of characters and alphabetization of Chinese writing, although in the end the Communist Party opted for character simplification. Chinese Grammatology traces the origins, transmutations, and containment of this script revolution to provide a groundbreaking account of its formative effects on Chinese literature and culture, and lasting implications for the encounter between the alphabetic and nonalphabet worlds. Yurou Zhong explores the growth of competing Romanization and Latinization movements aligned with the clashing Nationalists and Communists. She finds surprising affinities between alphabetic reform and modern Chinese literary movements and examines the politics of literacy programs and mass education against the backdrop of war and revolution. Zhong places the Chinese script revolution in the global context of a phonocentric dominance that privileges phonetic writing, contending that the eventual retention of characters constituted an anti-ethnocentric, anti-imperial critique that coincided with postwar decolonization movements and predated the emergence of Deconstructionism. By revealing the consequences of one of the biggest linguistic experiments in history, Chinese Grammatology provides an ambitious rethinking of the origins of Chinese literary modernity and the politics of the science of writing.

The Invention of Madness

Emily Baum
The Invention of Madness Book PDF

Author : Emily Baum
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9780226558240

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The Invention of Madness by Emily Baum Pdf

Throughout most of history, in China the insane were kept within the home and treated by healers who claimed no specialized knowledge of their condition. In the first decade of the twentieth century, however, psychiatric ideas and institutions began to influence longstanding beliefs about the proper treatment for the mentally ill. In The Invention of Madness, Emily Baum traces a genealogy of insanity from the turn of the century to the onset of war with Japan in 1937, revealing the complex and convoluted ways in which “madness” was transformed in the Chinese imagination into “mental illness.” ​ Focusing on typically marginalized historical actors, including municipal functionaries and the urban poor, The Invention of Madness shifts our attention from the elite desire for modern medical care to the ways in which psychiatric discourses were implemented and redeployed in the midst of everyday life. New meanings and practices of madness, Baum argues, were not just imposed on the Beijing public but continuously invented by a range of people in ways that reflected their own needs and interests. Exhaustively researched and theoretically informed, The Invention of Madness is an innovative contribution to medical history, urban studies, and the social history of twentieth-century China.

China's Muslims and Japan's Empire

Kelly A. Hammond
China s Muslims and Japan s Empire Book PDF

Author : Kelly A. Hammond
Publisher : UNC Press Books
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2020-09-30
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781469659664

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China's Muslims and Japan's Empire by Kelly A. Hammond Pdf

In this transnational history of World War II, Kelly A. Hammond places Sino-Muslims at the center of imperial Japan's challenges to Chinese nation-building efforts. Revealing the little-known story of Japan's interest in Islam during its occupation of North China, Hammond shows how imperial Japanese aimed to defeat the Chinese Nationalists in winning the hearts and minds of Sino-Muslims, a vital minority population. Offering programs that presented themselves as protectors of Islam, the Japanese aimed to provide Muslims with a viable alternative—and, at the same time, to create new Muslim consumer markets that would, the Japanese hoped, act to subvert the existing global capitalist world order and destabilize the Soviets. This history can be told only by reinstating agency to Muslims in China who became active participants in the brokering and political jockeying between the Chinese Nationalists and the Japanese Empire. Hammond argues that the competition for their loyalty was central to the creation of the ethnoreligious identity of Muslims living on the Chinese mainland. Their wartime experience ultimately helped shape the formation of Sino-Muslims' religious identities within global Islamic networks, as well as their incorporation into the Chinese state, where the conditions of that incorporation remain unstable and contested to this day.