The Horse The Wheel And Language

Author : David W. Anthony
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2010-07-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781400831104

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The Horse, the Wheel, and Language by David W. Anthony Pdf

Roughly half the world's population speaks languages derived from a shared linguistic source known as Proto-Indo-European. But who were the early speakers of this ancient mother tongue, and how did they manage to spread it around the globe? Until now their identity has remained a tantalizing mystery to linguists, archaeologists, and even Nazis seeking the roots of the Aryan race. The Horse, the Wheel, and Language lifts the veil that has long shrouded these original Indo-European speakers, and reveals how their domestication of horses and use of the wheel spread language and transformed civilization. Linking prehistoric archaeological remains with the development of language, David Anthony identifies the prehistoric peoples of central Eurasia's steppe grasslands as the original speakers of Proto-Indo-European, and shows how their innovative use of the ox wagon, horseback riding, and the warrior's chariot turned the Eurasian steppes into a thriving transcontinental corridor of communication, commerce, and cultural exchange. He explains how they spread their traditions and gave rise to important advances in copper mining, warfare, and patron-client political institutions, thereby ushering in an era of vibrant social change. Anthony also describes his fascinating discovery of how the wear from bits on ancient horse teeth reveals the origins of horseback riding. The Horse, the Wheel, and Language solves a puzzle that has vexed scholars for two centuries--the source of the Indo-European languages and English--and recovers a magnificent and influential civilization from the past.

Author : David W. Anthony,Jennifer Chi
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Antiquities, Prehistoric
ISBN : 0691143889

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The Lost World of Old Europe by David W. Anthony,Jennifer Chi Pdf

In the prehistoric Copper Age, long before cities, writing, or the invention of the wheel, Old Europe was among the most culturally rich regions in the world. Its inhabitants lived in prosperous agricultural towns. The ubiquitous goddess figurines found in their houses and shrines have triggered intense debates about women's roles. The Lost World of Old Europe is the accompanying catalog for an exhibition at New York University's Institute for the Study of the Ancient World. This superb volume features essays by leading archaeologists as well as breathtaking color photographs cataloguing the objects, some illustrated here for the first time. The heart of Old Europe was in the lower Danube valley, in contemporary Bulgaria and Romania. Old European coppersmiths were the most advanced metal artisans in the world. Their intense interest in acquiring copper, Aegean shells, and other rare valuables gave rise to far-reaching trading networks. In their graves, the bodies of Old European chieftains were adorned with pounds of gold and copper ornaments. Their funerals were without parallel in the Near East or Egypt. The exhibition represents the first time these rare objects have appeared in the United States. An unparalleled introduction to Old Europe's cultural, technological, and artistic legacy, The Lost World of Old Europe includes essays by Douglass Bailey, John Chapman, Cornelia-Magda Lazarovici, Ioan Opris and Catalin Bem, Ernst Pernicka, Dragomir Nicolae Popovici, Michel Séfériadès, and Vladimir Slavchev.

Author : Pita Kelekna
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009-04-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9780521516594

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The Horse in Human History by Pita Kelekna Pdf

This book assesses the impact of the horse on human society from 4000 BC to 2000 AD, by first describing initial horse domestication on the Pontic-Caspian steppes and the early development of driving and riding technologies. It traces the radiation of newly mobile equestrian cultures across Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It then documents the transmission of steppe chariotry and cavalry to sedentary states, the high economic importance of the horse, and the socio-political evolution of equestrian empires, which from antiquity into the modern era expanded across continents.

Author : Birgit Anette Olsen,Thomas Olander,Kristian Kristiansen
Publisher : Oxbow Books
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781789252712

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Tracing the Indo-Europeans by Birgit Anette Olsen,Thomas Olander,Kristian Kristiansen Pdf

Recent developments in aDNA has reshaped our understanding of later European prehistory, and at the same time also opened up for more fruitful collaborations between archaeologists and historical linguists. Two revolutionary genetic studies, published independently in Nature, 2015, showed that prehistoric Europe underwent two successive waves of migration, one from Anatolia consistent with the introduction of agriculture, and a later influx from the Pontic-Caspian steppes which without any reasonable doubt pinpoints the archaeological Yamnaya complex as the cradle of (Core-)Indo-European languages. Now, for the first time, when the preliminaries are clear, it is possible for the fields of genetics, archaeology and historical linguistics to cooperate in a constructive fashion to refine our knowledge of the Indo-European homeland, migrations, society and language. For the historical-comparative linguists, this opens up a wealth of exciting perspectives and new working fields in the intersections between linguistics and neighbouring disciplines, for the archaeologists and geneticists, on the other hand, the linguistic contributions help to endow the material findings with a voice from the past. The present selection of papers illustrate the importance of an open interdisciplinary discussion which will gradually help us in our quest of Tracing the Indo-Europeans.

Author : J. P. Mallory,D. Q. Adams
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 756 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2006-08-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199287918

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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World by J. P. Mallory,D. Q. Adams Pdf

The authors introduce Proto-Indo-European describing its construction and revealing the people who spoke it between 5,500 and 8,000 years ago. Using archaeological evidence and natural history they reconstruct the lives, passions, culture, society and mythology of the Proto-Indo-Europeans.

Author : M. L. West
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2008-11-13
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780191565403

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Indo-European Poetry and Myth by M. L. West Pdf

The Indo-Europeans, speakers of the prehistoric parent language from which most European and some Asiatic languages are descended, most probably lived on the Eurasian steppes some five or six thousand years ago. Martin West investigates their traditional mythologies, religions, and poetries, and points to elements of common heritage. In The East Face of Helicon (1997), West showed the extent to which Homeric and other early Greek poetry was influenced by Near Eastern traditions, mainly non-Indo-European. His new book presents a foil to that work by identifying elements of more ancient, Indo-European heritage in the Greek material. Topics covered include the status of poets and poetry in Indo-European societies; metre, style, and diction; gods and other supernatural beings, from Father Sky and Mother Earth to the Sun-god and his beautiful daughter, the Thunder-god and other elemental deities, and earthly orders such as Nymphs and Elves; the forms of hymns, prayers, and incantations; conceptions about the world, its origin, mankind, death, and fate; the ideology of fame and of immortalization through poetry; the typology of the king and the hero; the hero as warrior, and the conventions of battle narrative.

Author : Asya Pereltsvaig,Martin W. Lewis
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2015-04-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107054530

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The Indo-European Controversy by Asya Pereltsvaig,Martin W. Lewis Pdf

This book challenges media-celebrated evolutionary studies linking Indo-European languages to Neolithic Anatolia, instead defending traditional practices in historical linguistics.

Author : C. S. Lewis
Publisher : DigiCat
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2022-08-01
Category : Fiction
ISBN : EAN:8596547115748

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The Horse and his Boy by C. S. Lewis Pdf

DigiCat Publishing presents to you this special edition of "The Horse and his Boy" by C. S. Lewis. DigiCat Publishing considers every written word to be a legacy of humankind. Every DigiCat book has been carefully reproduced for republishing in a new modern format. The books are available in print, as well as ebooks. DigiCat hopes you will treat this work with the acknowledgment and passion it deserves as a classic of world literature.

Author : Benjamin W. Fortson, IV
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2011-09-07
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781444359688

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Indo-European Language and Culture by Benjamin W. Fortson, IV Pdf

This revised and expanded edition provides a comprehensive overview of comparative Indo-European linguistics and the branches of the Indo-European language family, covering both linguistic and cultural material. Now offering even greater coverage than the first edition, it is the definitive introduction to the field. Updated, corrected, and expanded edition, containing new illustrations of selected texts and inscriptions, and text samples with translations and etymological commentary Extensively covers individual histories of both ancient and modern languages of the Indo-European family Provides an overview of Proto-Indo-European culture, society, and language Designed for use in courses, with exercises and suggestions for further reading included in each chapter Includes maps, a glossary, a bibliography, and comprehensive word and subject indexes

Author : Philip L. Kohl
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2007-01-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781139461993

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The Making of Bronze Age Eurasia by Philip L. Kohl Pdf

This book provides an overview of Bronze Age societies of Western Eurasia through an investigation of the archaeological record. The Making of Bronze Age Eurasia outlines the long-term processes and patterns of interaction that link these groups together in a shared historical trajectory of development. Interactions took the form of the exchange of raw materials and finished goods, the spread and sharing of technologies, and the movements of peoples from one region to another. Kohl reconstructs economic activities from subsistence practices to the production and exchange of metals and other materials. Kohl also argues forcefully that the main task of the archaeologist should be to write culture-history on a spatially and temporally grand scale in an effort to detect large, macrohistorical processes of interaction and shared development.

Author : Barry W. Cunliffe
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 541 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 9780199689170

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By Steppe, Desert, and Ocean by Barry W. Cunliffe Pdf

The story of the peoples of Eurasia, from the birth of farming to the expansion of the Mongols in the thirteenth century. An immense historical panorama set on a huge continental stage, this is also the story of how humans first started building the global system we know today.

Author : J. P. Mallory
Publisher : Thames & Hudson
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Indo-European antiquities
ISBN : 050005052X

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In Search of the Indo-Europeans by J. P. Mallory Pdf

Author : Rachaël Draaisma
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-29
Category : Pets
ISBN : 9781351967853

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Language Signs and Calming Signals of Horses by Rachaël Draaisma Pdf

This practical book helps you interpret and connect the physical signals that horses display in response to their environment. These signals are evident in the everyday actions, gestures and attitudes that horses communicate to each other, but are often so subtle that they can go unnoticed by humans. This book aims to rectify that, offering horse lovers and equine professionals an opportunity to gain a unique insight into their 'horse's world'. Key features: includes detailed description of language signs of domestic horses, with a special emphasis on calming signals includes 275 pictures to visualize various language signs, calming signals, behaviour sequences and facial features presents communication ladders to show how a horse responds to incentives in his environment, and what signals he uses at certain moments contains tips on the use of the communication ladders and calming signals to improve the socialisation, training and wellbeing of your horse considers equine psychological stress from an environmental perspective, providing a valuable alternative to the current common clinical perspective. After reading this book you will be more astute in spotting calming signals, displacement activities, stress signals and distance-increasing signals, and better able to see which stimuli your horse can handle and which he cannot. This means you will know what to do to calm your horse before his stress rises to an unmanageable level. Language Signs and Calming Signals of Horses is both fascinating and important reading for any equine veterinary practitioner, student or nurse, as well as horse owners and trainers.

Author : Jaan Puhvel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 0801834139

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Comparative Mythology by Jaan Puhvel Pdf

In myth, author Puhvel argues, a human group expresses the thought patterns by which it formulates self-cognition and self-realization, attains self-knowledge and self-confidence, explains its own sources and sometimes tries to chart its destinies. Here, Puhvel unravels the prehistoric origins of the traditions of India and Iran, Greece and Rome, of the Celts, Germans, Balts, and Slavs. Utilizing the methodologies of historical linguistics and archaeology, he reconstructs a shared prehistorical religious, mythological, and cultural heritage. Separate chapters on individual traditions as well as on recurrent themes give life to the book as both a general introduction and a detailed reference.--From publisher description.

Author : Nicholas Ostler
Publisher : Harper Collins
Page : 541 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2011-03-22
Category : Travel
ISBN : 9780062047359

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Empires of the Word by Nicholas Ostler Pdf

Nicholas Ostler's Empires of the Word is the first history of the world's great tongues, gloriously celebrating the wonder of words that binds communities together and makes possible both the living of a common history and the telling of it. From the uncanny resilience of Chinese through twenty centuries of invasions to the engaging self-regard of Greek and to the struggles that gave birth to the languages of modern Europe, these epic achievements and more are brilliantly explored, as are the fascinating failures of once "universal" languages. A splendid, authoritative, and remarkable work, it demonstrates how the language history of the world eloquently reveals the real character of our planet's diverse peoples and prepares us for a linguistic future full of surprises.