The League And The United Nations After Fifty Years

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United Nations

Author : Stanley Meisler
Publisher : Atlantic Monthly Press
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : History
ISBN : 0871136562

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United Nations by Stanley Meisler Pdf

Beginning with the birth of the U.N., when Roosevelt, Stalin, Truman, and Gromyko set the stage, United Nations brings us a cast of profoundly important and colorful international players: the brilliant Dag Hammarskjold, who became the most daring, imaginative secretary-general the U.N. ever had; Nikita Khrushchev, who electrified the General Assembly as he pounded his shoe in protest over the Congo; Ralph Bunche, the grandson of a slave and "the Jackie Robinson of American diplomacy", who won the Nobel Peace Prize for his U.N. work in the Middle East; and U.S. ambassador Daniel Patrick Moynihan, who walked out of the General Assembly over the Third World's anti-Zion resolution. United Nations is a story filled with action and heartbreak.

Dismantling the League of Nations

Author : Jane Mumby
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2023-11-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781350376922

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Dismantling the League of Nations by Jane Mumby Pdf

The League of Nations, one of the world's first multi-function intergovernmental organisations, was also one of the first to undergo liquidation. This book unveils the last chapter in its story, showing how complex and time-consuming the end of this 'great experiment' truly was. Starting with the signing of the Charter of the United Nations in 1945 - the death knell of the League - Mumby traces the closure process that followed. From the final meeting of the Assembly in April 1946, the transfer of assets and functions to the UN, the liquidation of the Secretariat, and the last acts of business through 1948, this book follows the story through the eyes of those who made it happen. It demonstrates why this process took longer than expected, highlights the importance of human agency in even the most bureaucratic of institutions, and points to the lingering impact of the League on international organisations today. Uncovering both the institutional and personal aspects of the League of Nations' final chapter, this book furthers our understanding of this famous institution, shedding light on those that continue to dominate contemporary international relations, and exposing the unavoidable complexity of dismantling an intergovernmental organisation.

Fifty Years After the Declaration

Author : Teresa R. Wagner,Leslie Carbone
Publisher : University Press of America
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0761818413

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Fifty Years After the Declaration by Teresa R. Wagner,Leslie Carbone Pdf

Fifty years ago, the United Nations General Assembly adopted its Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In recent years however, the resolve of the UN to abide by the Universal Declaration has waned. The commitment to protecting human rights as a means for world stability and peace is at stake as groups of lobbyists seek to redefine traditional human rights. The editors of this book from the Family Research Council (FRC) have gathered a collection of essays from scholars, physicians, politicians, and human rights activists from all over the world. Each paper offers reflections on the UN's past performance, as well as ideas for its future role in human rights protection. The book concludes with reflections by Alan Keyes, former U.S. ambassador to the United Nations Economic and Social Council. He argues that the UN cannot effectively represent principles of decency and right when it is itself composed of nations that do not observe decency and right.

Governing the World

Author : Mark Mazower
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2012-09-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781101595893

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Governing the World by Mark Mazower Pdf

The story of global cooperation between nations and peoples is a tale of dreamers goading us to find common cause in remedying humanity’s worst problems. But international institutions have also provided a tool for the powers that be to advance their own interests and stamp their imprint on the world. Mark Mazower’s Governing the World tells the epic story of that inevitable and irresolvable tension—the unstable and often surprising alchemy between ideas and power. From the beginning, the willingness of national leaders to cooperate has been spurred by crisis: the book opens in 1815, amid the rubble of the Napoleonic Empire, as the Concert of Europe was assembled with an avowed mission to prevent any single power from dominating the continent and to stamp out revolutionary agitation before it could lead to war. But if the Concert was a response to Napoleon, internationalism was a response to the Concert, and as courts and monarchs disintegrated they were replaced by revolutionaries and bureaucrats. 19th century internationalists included bomb-throwing anarchists and the secret policemen who fought them, Marxist revolutionaries and respectable free marketeers. But they all embraced nationalism, the age’s most powerful transformative political creed, and assumed that nationalism and internationalism would go hand in hand. The wars of the twentieth century saw the birth of institutions that enshrined many of those ideals in durable structures of authority, most notably the League of Nations in World War I and the United Nations after World War II. Throughout this history, we see that international institutions are only as strong as the great powers of the moment allow them to be. The League was intended to prop up the British empire. With Washington taking over world leadership from Whitehall, the United Nations became a useful extension of American power. But as Mazower shows us, from the late 1960s on, America lost control over the dialogue and the rise of the independent Third World saw a marked shift away from the United Nations and toward more pliable tools such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. From the 1990s to 2007, Governing the World centers on a new regime of global coordination built upon economic rule-making by central bankers and finance ministers, a regime in which the interests of citizens and workers are trumped by the iron logic of markets. Now, the era of Western dominance of international life is fast coming to an end and a new multi-centered global balance of forces is emerging. We are living in a time of extreme confusion about the purpose and durability of our international institutions. History is not prophecy, but Mark Mazower shows us why the current dialectic between ideals and power politics in the international arena is just another stage in an epic two-hundred-year story.

Société Des Nations, Rétrospective

Author : United Nations Library (Geneva, Switzerland)
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Law
ISBN : 3110087332

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Société Des Nations, Rétrospective by United Nations Library (Geneva, Switzerland) Pdf

The UN Secretary-General and the Security Council

Author : Manuel Fröhlich,Abiodun Williams
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2018-03-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780192538215

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The UN Secretary-General and the Security Council by Manuel Fröhlich,Abiodun Williams Pdf

The United Nations Secretary-General and the United Nations Security Council spend significant amounts of time on their relationship with each other. They rely on each other for such important activities as peacekeeping, international mediation, and the formulation and application of normative standards in defense of international peace and security - in other words the executive aspects of the UN's work. The UN Secretary-General and the Security Council fills an important lacuna in the scholarship on the UN system. Although there exists today an impressive body of literature on the development and significance of the Secretariat and the Security Council as separate organs, an important gap remains in our understanding of the interactions between them. Bringing together some of the most prominent authorities on the subject, this volume is the first book-length treatment of this topic. It studies the UN from an innovative angle, creating new insights on the (autonomous) policy-making of international organizations, and adds to our understanding of the dynamics of intra-organizational relationships. Within the book, the contributors examine how each Secretary-General interacted with the Security Council, touching upon such issues as the role of personality, the formal and informal infrastructure of the relationship, the selection and appointment processes, as well as the Secretary-General's threefold role as a crisis manager, administrative manager, and manager of ideas.

United Nations in the Contemporary World

Author : David J. Whittaker
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2006-04-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134742455

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United Nations in the Contemporary World by David J. Whittaker Pdf

Fifty years after the creation of the United Nations, there exists a vigorous debate as to its limitations and possibilities. In United Nations in the Contemporary World, David J. Whittaker examines how the UN works and assesses its position as a world organisation. The author explores the nature of the UN as a regime in contemporary international relations. He considers the changing terms of reference of the UN and includes discussion of: * UN organisational procedures and principles; * recent historical case studies, including studies on peacekeeping * the role of the UN in global urbanisation, arms control and in supplying aid for refugees * past and future internal reform, goals, achievements With an annotated bibliography and a helpful glossary United Nations in the Contemporary World provides an interdisciplinary history of the UN and debates the key issues for its future. David J Whittaker gives a cogent analysis of how the UN addresses today's world problems and how it can adapt for the future.

International Secretariats

Author : Bob Reinalda
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000206340

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International Secretariats by Bob Reinalda Pdf

Providing a comprehensive overview of two centuries of international civil servants and international secretariats, this book reveals how international secretariats have emerged and evolved, focusing on both structures (international public administrations) and the practitioners (international civil servants). Reinalda explores the history and development of international secretariats and international civil servants, starting with the Congress of Vienna (1814–1815), when the first international organization was established in the form of a river commission for the navigation of the Rhine. Charting the development of international secretariats through the nineteenth century – the League of Nations, the United Nations, and the United Nations System with its many specialized agencies, the author explains why NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) have strong, rather than weak, international secretariats, and shines a light on the registries of international courts and tribunals. The book fills a gap in the literature by exploring the full evolution of international secretariats, covering global and continental developments as well as regional integration practices around the world. Secretariats have become the leading actors in multilateral diplomacy particularly for dealing with complex issues, and this book will be of interest to all scholars of global governance and practitioners working for a range of international organizations.

The Charter of the United Nations

Author : Nikolai Wessendorf
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 3795 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-11-22
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780191653872

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The Charter of the United Nations by Nikolai Wessendorf Pdf

Since the second edition of this commentary on the Charter of the United Nations was published, the text of the Charter may not have changed but the world has. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have had a lasting impact on international law and the Commentary has been fully updated to take their impact into account. The new edition has been completely revised and features a completely new chapter on UN reform, analyzing the effect of reforms which have already been implemented and examining why other proposals for reform have failed. It will assess how these proposals could be improved, with a particular focus on the Security Council. This new edition also includes coverage of the creation of the Human Rights Council and the impact of the Responsibility to Protect doctrine. This is the authoritative, article-by-article account of the legislative history, interpretation, and practical application of each and every Charter provision. Written by a team of distinguished scholars and practitioners, this book combines academic research with the insights of practice, and is an indispensable work of reference for all those interested in the UN.The Commentary will be crucial in providing new directions for the development of international law and the United Nations in the twenty-first century.

NATO After Fifty Years

Author : S. Victor Papacosma,Sean Kay,Mark R. Rubin
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : History
ISBN : 0842028862

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NATO After Fifty Years by S. Victor Papacosma,Sean Kay,Mark R. Rubin Pdf

Since the foundation of the Atlantic Alliance after World War II, the face of world politics, and consequently of NATO, has changed dramatically. NATO after Fifty Years examines, from a wide range of perspectives, the past, present, and future of the alliance, now in the throes of its most uncertain period. The contributors to this volume bring a diversity and breadth of perspectives that will make this book an invaluable teaching tool for courses relating to U.S. defense policy, arms control and the military in politics, international organizations, war and peace, international conflict, and government and politics in Europe.

Political Ethics and The United Nations

Author : Manuel Froehlich
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2007-10-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134065561

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Political Ethics and The United Nations by Manuel Froehlich Pdf

Based on a wealth of sources, files and interviews, and including previously unpublished material, this book explores the foundations of the political ethics of Dag Hammarskjöld, the second Secretary-General of the United Nations, examining how they influenced his actions in several key crisis situations. Hammarskjöld’s political innovations, such as the creation of peacekeeping forces, the use of private diplomacy and the concept of the international civil service, were bold attempts at translating the aims and principles of the UN charter into concrete thought and action. Kofi Annan described Hammarskjöld’s approach as a useful guideline to dealing with the problems of a globalized world. Offering a topical perspective on a subject that has not recently been explored, this book analyzes Hammarskjöld’s successes and failures in a way which offers insights into contemporary problems, and in doing so provides a significant and original contribution to UN studies. Political Ethics and The United Nations will be of interest to students of the United Nations, peace studies, and international relations in general.

Fascist Italy and the League of Nations, 1922-1935

Author : Elisabetta Tollardo
Publisher : Springer
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-10-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9781349950287

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Fascist Italy and the League of Nations, 1922-1935 by Elisabetta Tollardo Pdf

This book analyses the relationship between Fascist Italy and the League of Nations in the interwar years. By uncovering the traces of those Italians working in the organization, this volume investigates Fascist Italy’s membership of the League, and explores the dynamics between nationalism and internationalism in Geneva. The relationship between Fascist Italy and the League of Nations was contradictory, shifting from active collaboration to open disagreement. Previous literature has not reflected this oscillation in policy, focusing disproportionally on the problems Italy caused for the League, such as the Ethiopian crisis. Yet Fascist Italy remained in the League for more than fifteen years, and was the third largest power within the institution. How did a Fascist dictatorship fit into an organization espousing principles of liberal internationalism? By using archival sources from four countries, Elisabetta Tollardo shows that Fascist Italy was much more concerned with, and involved in, the League than currently believed.

Eric Drummond and his Legacies

Author : David Macfadyen,Michael D. V. Davies,Marilyn Norah Carr,John Burley
Publisher : Springer
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030047320

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Eric Drummond and his Legacies by David Macfadyen,Michael D. V. Davies,Marilyn Norah Carr,John Burley Pdf

This book shows how the first institution of global governance was conceived and operated. It provides a new assessment of its architect, Eric Drummond, the first Secretary-General of the League of Nations, appointed a century ago. The authors conclude that he stands in the front rank of the 12 men who have occupied the post of Secretary-General of the League or its successor, the UN. Part 1 describes his character and leadership. His influence in shaping the International Civil Service, the ‘beating heart’ of the League, is the subject of Part 2, which also shows how the young staff he appointed responded with imagination and creativity to the political, economic and social problems that followed World War I. Part 3 shows the influence of these early origins on today’s global organizations and the large scale absorption of League policies, programmes, practices and staff into the UN and its Specialized Agencies.

The UN Secretary-General and Moral Authority

Author : Kent J. Kille
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2007-10-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781589014732

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The UN Secretary-General and Moral Authority by Kent J. Kille Pdf

Once described by Trygve Lie as the "most impossible job on earth," the position of UN Secretary-General is as frustratingly constrained as it is prestigious. The Secretary-General's ability to influence global affairs often depends on how the international community regards his moral authority. In relation to such moral authority, past office-holders have drawn on their own ethics and religious backgrounds—as diverse as Lutheranism, Catholicism, Buddhism, and Coptic Christianity—to guide the role that they played in addressing the UN's goals in the international arena, such as the maintenance of international peace and security and the promotion of human rights. In The UN Secretary-General and Moral Authority, contributors provide case studies of all seven former secretaries-general, establishing a much-needed comparative survey of each office-holder's personal religious and moral values. From Trygve Lie's forbearance during the UN's turbulent formative years to the Nobel committee's awarding Kofi Annan and the United Nations the prize for peace in 2001, the case studies all follow the same format, first detailing the environmental and experiential factors that forged these men's ethical frameworks, then analyzing how their "inner code" engaged with the duties of office and the global events particular to their terms. Balanced and unbiased in its approach, this study provides valuable insight into how religious and moral leadership functions in the realm of international relations, and how the promotion of ethical values works to diffuse international tensions and improve the quality of human life around the world.