What We Owe Each Other

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What We Owe Each Other

Author : Minouche Shafik
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691220277

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What We Owe Each Other by Minouche Shafik Pdf

From one of the leading policy experts of our time, an urgent rethinking of how we can better support each other to thrive Whether we realize it or not, all of us participate in the social contract every day through mutual obligations among our family, community, place of work, and fellow citizens. Caring for others, paying taxes, and benefiting from public services define the social contract that supports and binds us together as a society. Today, however, our social contract has been broken by changing gender roles, technology, new models of work, aging, and the perils of climate change. Minouche Shafik takes us through stages of life we all experience—raising children, getting educated, falling ill, working, growing old—and shows how a reordering of our societies is possible. Drawing on evidence and examples from around the world, she shows how every country can provide citizens with the basics to have a decent life and be able to contribute to society. But we owe each other more than this. A more generous and inclusive society would also share more risks collectively and ask everyone to contribute for as long as they can so that everyone can fulfill their potential. What We Owe Each Other identifies the key elements of a better social contract that recognizes our interdependencies, supports and invests more in each other, and expects more of individuals in return. Powerful, hopeful, and thought-provoking, What We Owe Each Other provides practical solutions to current challenges and demonstrates how we can build a better society—together.

What We Owe to Each Other

Author : T. M. Scanlon
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2000-11-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674004238

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What We Owe to Each Other by T. M. Scanlon Pdf

How do we judge whether an action is morally right or wrong? If an action is wrong, what reason does that give us not to do it? Why should we give such reasons priority over our other concerns and values? In this book, T. M. Scanlon offers new answers to these questions, as they apply to the central part of morality that concerns what we owe to each other. According to his contractualist view, thinking about right and wrong is thinking about what we do in terms that could be justified to others and that they could not reasonably reject. He shows how the special authority of conclusions about right and wrong arises from the value of being related to others in this way, and he shows how familiar moral ideas such as fairness and responsibility can be understood through their role in this process of mutual justification and criticism. Scanlon bases his contractualism on a broader account of reasons, value, and individual well-being that challenges standard views about these crucial notions. He argues that desires do not provide us with reasons, that states of affairs are not the primary bearers of value, and that well-being is not as important for rational decision-making as it is commonly held to be. Scanlon is a pluralist about both moral and non-moral values. He argues that, taking this plurality of values into account, contractualism allows for most of the variability in moral requirements that relativists have claimed, while still accounting for the full force of our judgments of right and wrong.

What We Owe to Each Other

Author : T. M. Scanlon
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0674950895

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What We Owe to Each Other by T. M. Scanlon Pdf

How do we judge whether an action is morally right or wrong? And if it is wrong, what reason does that give us not to do it? In this reconsideration of moral reasoning, T.M. Scanlon offers new answers to these enduring questions. According to his contractualist view, thinking about right and wrong involves considering what we do in terms that could be justified to others and that they could not reasonably reject. Scanlon shows how familiar moral ideas such as fairness and responsibility can be understood through their role in this process of mutual justification. He argues that desires do not provide us with reasons, and that well-being is not as important for rational decision-making as it is commonly held to be. Scanlon believes that contracutalism allows for most of the variability in moral requirements that relativists have claimed, while still accounting for the full force of our judgments of right and wrong.

What Social Classes Owe Each Other

Author : William Graham Sumner
Publisher : Ludwig von Mises Institute
Page : 149 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Economics
ISBN : 9781610163057

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What Social Classes Owe Each Other by William Graham Sumner Pdf

What We Owe the Future

Author : William MacAskill
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 423 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2022-08-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781541618633

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What We Owe the Future by William MacAskill Pdf

An Instant New York Times Bestseller “This book will change your sense of how grand the sweep of human history could be, where you fit into it, and how much you could do to change it for the better. It's as simple, and as ambitious, as that.” —Ezra Klein An Oxford philosopher makes the case for “longtermism” — that positively influencing the long-term future is a key moral priority of our time. The fate of the world is in our hands. Humanity’s written history spans only five thousand years. Our yet-unwritten future could last for millions more — or it could end tomorrow. Astonishing numbers of people could lead lives of great happiness or unimaginable suffering, or never live at all, depending on what we choose to do today. In What We Owe The Future, philosopher William MacAskill argues for longtermism, that idea that positively influencing the distant future is a key moral priority of our time. From this perspective, it’s not enough to reverse climate change or avert the next pandemic. We must ensure that civilization would rebound if it collapsed; counter the end of moral progress; and prepare for a planet where the smartest beings are digital, not human. If we make wise choices today, our grandchildren’s grandchildren will thrive, knowing we did everything we could to give them a world full of justice, hope and beauty.

What We Owe

Author : Carlo Cottarelli
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780815730699

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What We Owe by Carlo Cottarelli Pdf

The euro crisis, Japan's sluggish economy, and partisan disagreements in the United States about the role of government all have at least one thing in common: worries about high levels of public debt. Nearly everyone agrees that public debt in many advanced economies is too high to be sustainable and must be addressed. There is little agreement, however, about when and how that addressing should be done—or even, in many cases, just how serious the debt problem is. As the former director of the International Monetary Fund's Fiscal Affairs Department, Carlo Cottarelli has helped countries across the globe confront their public finance woes. He also had direct experience in advising his own country, Italy, about its chronic fiscal ailments. In this straightforward, plain-language book, Cottarelli explains how and why excessive public debt can harm economic growth and can lead to crises such as those experienced recently in Italy and several other European countries. But Cottarelli also has some good news: reducing public debt often can be done without trauma and through moderate changes in spending habits that contribute to economic growth. His book focuses on positive remedies that countries can adopt to deal with their public debt, analyzing both the benefits and potential downsides to each approach, as well as suggesting which remedies might be preferable in particular situations. Too often, public debate about public debt is burdened by lies and myths. This book not only explains the basic facts about public debt but also aims to bring truth and reasoned nonpartisan analysis to the debate.

What We Owe Each Other

Author : Minouche Shafik
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022-08-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780691207643

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What We Owe Each Other by Minouche Shafik Pdf

From one of the leading policy experts of our time, an urgent rethinking of how we can better support each other to thrive Whether we realize it or not, all of us participate in the social contract every day through mutual obligations among our family, community, place of work, and fellow citizens. Caring for others, paying taxes, and benefiting from public services define the social contract that supports and binds us together as a society. Today, however, our social contract has been broken by changing gender roles, technology, new models of work, aging, and the perils of climate change. Minouche Shafik takes us through stages of life we all experience—raising children, getting educated, falling ill, working, growing old—and shows how a reordering of our societies is possible. Drawing on evidence and examples from around the world, she shows how every country can provide citizens with the basics to have a decent life and be able to contribute to society. But we owe each other more than this. A more generous and inclusive society would also share more risks collectively and ask everyone to contribute for as long as they can so that everyone can fulfill their potential. What We Owe Each Other identifies the key elements of a better social contract that recognizes our interdependencies, supports and invests more in each other, and expects more of individuals in return. Powerful, hopeful, and thought-provoking, What We Owe Each Other provides practical solutions to current challenges and demonstrates how we can build a better society—together.

Innovation in Real Places

Author : Dan Breznitz
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780197508138

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Innovation in Real Places by Dan Breznitz Pdf

Winner of Balsillie Prize for Public Policy Winner of Donner Prize A challenge to prevailing ideas about innovation and a guide to identifying the best growth strategy for your community. Across the world, cities and regions have wasted trillions of dollars on blindly copying the Silicon Valley model of growth creation. Since the early years of the information age, we've been told that economic growth derives from harnessing technological innovation. To do this, places must create good education systems, partner with local research universities, and attract innovative hi-tech firms. We have lived with this system for decades, and the result is clear: a small number of regions and cities at the top of the high-tech industry but many more fighting a losing battle to retain economic dynamism. But are there other models that don't rely on a flourishing high-tech industry? In Innovation in Real Places, Dan Breznitz argues that there are. The purveyors of the dominant ideas on innovation have a feeble understanding of the big picture on global production and innovation. They conflate innovation with invention and suffer from techno-fetishism. In their devotion to start-ups, they refuse to admit that the real obstacle to growth for most cities is the overwhelming power of the real hubs, which siphon up vast amounts of talent and money. Communities waste time, money, and energy pursuing this road to nowhere. Breznitz proposes that communities instead focus on where they fit in the four stages in the global production process. Some are at the highest end, and that is where the Clevelands, Sheffields, and Baltimores are being pushed toward. But that is bad advice. Success lies in understanding the changed structure of the global system of production and then using those insights to enable communities to recognize their own advantages, which in turn allows to them to foster surprising forms of specialized innovation. As he stresses, all localities have certain advantages relative to at least one stage of the global production process, and the trick is in recognizing it. Leaders might think the answer lies in high-tech or high-end manufacturing, but more often than not, they're wrong. Innovation in Real Places is an essential corrective to a mythology of innovation and growth that too many places have bought into in recent years. Best of all, it has the potential to prod local leaders into pursuing realistic and regionally appropriate models for growth and innovation.

What Do We Owe Each Other?

Author : Howard Rosenthal
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2017-09-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351298421

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What Do We Owe Each Other? by Howard Rosenthal Pdf

First Published in 2017. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an Informa company.

On What We Owe to Each Other

Author : Philip Stratton-Lake
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2004-06-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1405119217

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On What We Owe to Each Other by Philip Stratton-Lake Pdf

Five leading moral philosophers assess various aspects of T.M. Scanlon’s moral theory as laid out in his seminal work, What We Owe to Each Other. An assessment of T.M. Scanlon’s seminal work What We Owe to Each Other. Written by five leading moral philosophers. Contributes to debates initiated by Scanlon on value theory, normative ethics, and metaethics. Includes a response by T.M. Scanlon in which he clarifies and develops his views.

Scanlon and Contractualism

Author : Matt Matravers
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2004-08-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781135755942

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Scanlon and Contractualism by Matt Matravers Pdf

This collection brings together essays by distinguished political philosophers which reflect on the detailed arguments of What We Owe to Each Other, and comment critically both on Scanlon's contractualism and his revised understandings of motivation and morality. The essays illustrate the uses of Scanlon's contractualism by applying it to moral and political problems and in so doing they provide an assessment of the ability of Scanlon's contractualism by applying it to other forms of ethical theory. The resulting volume makes an important and original contribution to the literature on Scanlon, on contractualism and on contemporary political philosophy.

The Good Place and Philosophy

Author : Steven A. Benko,Andrew Pavelich
Publisher : Open Court Publishing
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2019-09-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780812694802

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The Good Place and Philosophy by Steven A. Benko,Andrew Pavelich Pdf

The Good Place is a fantasy-comedy TV show about the afterlife. Eleanor dies and finds herself in the Good Place, which she understands must be mistake, since she has been anything but good. In the surprise twist ending to Season One, it is revealed that this is really the Bad Place, but the demon who planned it was frustrated, because the characters didn’t torture each other mentally as planned, but managed to learn how to live together. In ,i>The Good Place and Philosophy, twenty-one philosophers analyze different aspects of the ethical and metaphysical issues raised in the show, including: ● Indefinitely long punishment can only be justified as a method of ultimately improving vicious characters, not as retribution. ● Can individuals retain their identity after hundreds of reboots? ● Comparing Hinduism with The Good Place, we can conclude that Hinduism gets things five percent correct. ● Looking at all the events in the show, it follows that humans don’t have free will, and so people are being punished and rewarded unjustly. ● Is it a problem that the show depicts torture as hilarious? This problem can be resolved by considering the limited perspective of humans, compared with the eternal perspective of the demons. ● The Good Place implies that even demons can develop morally. ● The only way to explain how the characters remain the same people after death is to suppose that their actual bodies are transported to the afterlife. ● Since Chidi knows all the moral theories but can never decide what to do, it must follow that there is something missing in all these theories. ● The show depicts an afterlife which is bureaucratic, therefore unchangeable, therefore deeply unjust. ● Eleanor acts on instinct, without thinking, whereas Chidi tries to think everything through and never gets around to acting; together these two characters can truly act morally. ● The Good Place shows us that authenticity means living for others. ● The Good Place is based on Sartre’s play No Exit, with its famous line “Hell is other people,” but in fact both No Exit and The Good Place inform us that human relationships can redeem us. ● In The Good Place, everything the humans do is impermanent since it can be rebooted, so humans cannot accomplish anything good. ● Kant’s moral precepts are supposed to be universal, but The Good Place shows us it can be right to lie to demons. ● The show raises the question whether we can ever be good except by being part of a virtuous community.

How We Show Up

Author : Mia Birdsong
Publisher : Hachette Go
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2020-06-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781580058063

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How We Show Up by Mia Birdsong Pdf

An Invitation to Community and Models for Connection After almost every presentation activist and writer Mia Birdsong gives to executives, think tanks, and policy makers, one of those leaders quietly confesses how much they long for the profound community she describes. They have family, friends, and colleagues, yet they still feel like they're standing alone. They're "winning" at the American Dream, but they're lonely, disconnected, and unsatisfied. It seems counterintuitive that living the "good life"--the well-paying job, the nuclear family, the upward mobility--can make us feel isolated and unhappy. But in a divided America, where only a quarter of us know our neighbors and everyone is either a winner or a loser, we've forgotten the key element that helped us make progress in the first place: community. In this provocative, groundbreaking work, Mia Birdsong shows that what separates us isn't only the ever-present injustices built around race, class, gender, values, and beliefs, but also our denial of our interdependence and need for belonging. In response to the fear and discomfort we feel, we've built walls, and instead of leaning on each other, we find ourselves leaning on concrete. Through research, interviews, and stories of lived experience, How We Show Up returns us to our inherent connectedness where we find strength, safety, and support in vulnerability and generosity, in asking for help, and in being accountable. Showing up--literally and figuratively--points us toward the promise of our collective vitality and leads us to the liberated well-being we all want.

We Owe You Nothing

Author : Daniel Sinker
Publisher : Akashic Books
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2007-11-01
Category : Music
ISBN : 9781936070558

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We Owe You Nothing by Daniel Sinker Pdf

“Collects some of [Punk Planet’s] best interviews from the past half-decade . . . serves as a reminder that punk is not just music but a movement.” —The A.V. Club Updated with six more interviews and a new introduction, the expanded edition of We Owe You Nothing is the definitive book of conversations with the underground’s greatest minds from the pages of Punk Planet. New interviews include talks with bands like The Gossip and Maritime, a conversation with punk legend Bob Mould, and more . . . in addition to the classic interviews from the original edition: Ian MacKaye, Jello Biafra, Thurston Moore, Noam Chomsky, Kathleen Hanna, Black Flag, Sleater-Kinney, Steve Albini, Frank Kozik, Art Chantry, and others. “We Owe You Nothing made me feel vital and alive.” —Seattle Weekly “The magazine Punk Planet has quietly been one of the most intelligent voices in the kingdom of punk and post-punk . . . [and] anyone with the vaguest interest in music would be well-served to learn from these captured moments [in We Owe You Nothing].” —Detroit Metro Times “No book has illustrated this relationship between punk and its believers more than We Owe You Nothing.” —Daily Herald “Straight talk with no bullshit, no spin. The result is an airblast of honesty, an antidote of attitude. Music fans will love this book, and so will fans of independent thinking.” —Flagpole “A wholly unique vision wrought not by consensus but by cultural cynicism and never-say-die musical populism.” —Magnet

Ordinary Vices

Author : Judith N. Shklar
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0674641752

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Ordinary Vices by Judith N. Shklar Pdf

The seven deadly sins of Christianity represent the abysses of character, whereas Shklar's "ordinary vices"--cruelty, hypocrisy, snobbery, betrayal, and misanthropy--are merely treacherous shoals, flawing our characters with mean-spiritedness and inhumanity. Shklar draws from a brilliant array of writers--Moliere and Dickens on hypocrisy, Jane Austen on snobbery, Shakespeare and Montesquieu on misanthropy, Hawthorne and Nietzsche on cruelty, Conrad and Faulkner on betrayal--to reveal the nature and effects of the vices. She examines their destructive effects, the ambiguities of the moral problems they pose to the liberal ethos, and their implications for government and citizens: liberalism is a difficult and challenging doctrine that demands a tolerance of contradiction, complexity, and the risks of freedom.