Amino Acid

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on Military Nutrition Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1999-09-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309172813

Get Book

The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance by Institute of Medicine,Committee on Military Nutrition Research Pdf

It is a commonly held belief that athletes, particularly body builders, have greater requirements for dietary protein than sedentary individuals. However, the evidence in support of this contention is controversial. This book is the latest in a series of publications designed to inform both civilian and military scientists and personnel about issues related to nutrition and military service. Among the many other stressors they experience, soldiers face unique nutritional demands during combat. Of particular concern is the role that dietary protein might play in controlling muscle mass and strength, response to injury and infection, and cognitive performance. The first part of the book contains the committee's summary of the workshop, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The remainder of the book contains papers contributed by speakers at the workshop on such topics as, the effects of aging and hormones on regulation of muscle mass and function, alterations in protein metabolism due to the stress of injury or infection, the role of individual amino acids, the components of proteins, as neurotransmitters, hormones, and modulators of various physiological processes, and the efficacy and safety considerations associated with dietary supplements aimed at enhancing performance.

Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 0815332181

Get Book

Molecular Biology of The Cell by Bruce Alberts Pdf

Author : Guoyao Wu
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 817 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781000412000

Get Book

Amino Acids by Guoyao Wu Pdf

Encompasses a comprehensive coverage of basic to applied concepts in amino acid metabolism in humans and other animals. Highlights important roles of dietary amino acids and protein intake in growth, physical performance and health, including sarcopenia mitigation and immunity. Discusses concerns over the excess intakes of amino acids or protein in the development of diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, diabetes and cancers, as well as bone integrity Each chapter contains select references to provide comprehensive reviews and original experimental data on the topics discussed. Each chapter is backed by original experimental data on various topics discussed and contains select references to aid the reader further in research.

Author : Michail A. Alterman,Peter Hunziker
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2011-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 1617794449

Get Book

Amino Acid Analysis by Michail A. Alterman,Peter Hunziker Pdf

Amino Acid Analysis (AAA) is an integral part of analytical biochemistry. In a relatively short time, the variety of AAA methods has evolved dramatically with more methods shifting to the use of mass spectrometry (MS) as a detection method. Another new aspect is miniaturization. However, most importantly, AAA in this day and age should be viewed in the context of Metabolomics as a part of Systems Biology. Amino Acid Analysis: Methods and Protocols presents a broad spectrum of all available methods allowing for readers to choose the method that most suits their particular laboratory set-up and analytical needs. In this volume, a reader can find chapters describing general as well as specific approaches to the sample preparation. A number of chapters describe specific applications of AAA in clinical chemistry as well as in food analysis, microbiology, marine biology, drug metabolism, even archeology. Separate chapters are devoted to the application of AAA for protein quantitation and chiral AAA. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Amino Acid Analysis: Methods and Protocols provides crucial techniques that can be applied across multiple disciplines by anyone involved in biomedical research or life sciences.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Nutrition, Trauma, and the Brain
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2011-07-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309210089

Get Book

Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury by Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Nutrition, Trauma, and the Brain Pdf

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for up to one-third of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to some estimates. TBI is also a major problem among civilians, especially those who engage in certain sports. At the request of the Department of Defense, the IOM examined the potential role of nutrition in the treatment of and resilience against TBI.

Author : Michel Fleck,Aram M. Petrosyan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 574 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2014-07-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319062990

Get Book

Salts of Amino Acids by Michel Fleck,Aram M. Petrosyan Pdf

Over the last decades, amino acids have been found to be of importance in many fields of science. Apart from their biological function, this family of organic compounds has been employed in the synthesis of a vast variety of salts, with impact on areas such as materials science, pharmaceutical or physical research. This covers a wide range, from the discovery of important ferroelectrics or non-linear optical materials to nutrients, flavor enhancers or drugs. This book describes amino acids and their salts with cations, anions and inorganic compounds from a chemical, physical and crystallographical point of view. Additional data on structural properties, crystal growth and the relation of structure and physical properties of amino acid salts is discussed.

Author : Guoyao Wu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2020-08-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030453282

Get Book

Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health by Guoyao Wu Pdf

This edited volume comprehensively highlights recent advances in the metabolism, nutrition, physiology, and pathobiology of amino acids in all the systems of humans and other animals (including livestock, poultry, companion animals, and fish). It enables readers to understand the crucial roles of amino acids and their metabolites in the health and diseases of the circulatory, digestive, endocrine, immune, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, and urinary systems, as well as the sense organs (eyes, ears, nose, skin, and tongue). Readers will learn that amino acids are not only the building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules, as well as regulators of gene expression, metabolic processes and developmental changes in the body. This knowledge will guide nutritional practices to improve the growth, development and health of humans and other animals, as well as prevent and treat chronic (e.g., obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders) and infectious (e.g., bacterial, fungal, parasite, and viral) diseases. Editor of this volume is an internationally recognized expert in nutritional biochemistry. He has over 38 years of experience with research and teaching at world-class universities in the area of amino acid biochemistry, nutrition, and physiology. He has published more than 625 papers in peer-reviewed journals, 62 chapters in books, and authored two text/reference books, with an H-index of 117 and more than 55,000 citations in Google Scholar. This publication is a useful reference for professionals as well as undergraduate and graduate students in animal science, biochemistry, biomedical engineering, biology, human medicine, food science, kinesiology, nursing, nutrition, pharmacology, physiology, toxicology, veterinary medicine, and other related disciplines. In addition, all chapters provide general and specific references to amino acids in systems health for researchers and practitioners in biomedicine, animal and plant agriculture, and aquaculture, and for government policy makers.

Author : Guoyao Wu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030544621

Get Book

Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health by Guoyao Wu Pdf

Amino acids (AAs) are not only building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules as well as regulators of gene expression and the protein phosphorylation cascade. Additionally, AAs are key precursors for syntheses of hormones and low-molecular weight nitrogenous substances with each having enormous biological importance. For example, physiological concentrations of AA metabolites (e.g., nitric oxide, polyamines, glutathione, taurine, thyroid hormones, and serotonin) are required for cell functions. Growing evidence shows that humans and animals have dietary requirements for all proteinogenic AAs. Mammals, birds and fish also have species- and age-dependent needs for some AA-related substances. However, elevated levels of other products (e.g., ammonia, homocysteine, H2S, and asymmetric dimethylarginine) are pathogenic factors for neurological disorders, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular disease. Thus, optimal amounts of AAs and their ratios in diets and circulation are crucial for whole body homeostasis and health. Adequate provision of one or a mixture of functional AAs or metabolites may be beneficial for ameliorating health problems at various stages of the life cycle (e.g., fetal growth restriction, neonatal morbidity and mortality, weaning-associated intestinal dysfunction and wasting syndrome, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, the metabolic syndrome, and infertility). Dietary supplementation of these nutrients can also optimize the efficiency of metabolic transformations to enhance muscle growth, milk production, and athletic performance, while preventing excess fat deposition and reducing adiposity. Therefore, functional AAs hold great promise in improving the growth, health and well-being of individuals. Chapter 7 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Author : G. Lubec,Gerald A. Rosenthal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1210 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401122627

Get Book

Amino Acids by G. Lubec,Gerald A. Rosenthal Pdf

There is little wonder in the fact that the investigation of amino acids is of fundamental interest to scientists from so many diversified fields. If amino acids were only basic constituents of enzymes as well as structural and other proteins, this property alone would elevate them to real scientific importance. Added to this role, however, is their ability to serve as building blocks for the production of many classes of secondary metabolites. They can support the biosynthesis of a myriad of natural products including nonprotein amino acids, cyanogenic glycosides, phar macologically active alkaloids, certain phenols, purines and pyrimidines, nucleic acids, condensed tannins, lignins and other metabolites. The approximately twenty or so amino (and imino) acids that comprise proteins are well known; less familiar are what is now approaching 600 nonprotein amino acids that have been isolated and characterized from plant, fungal or animal sources. Investigations of the protein amino acids have proven of outstanding value in enhancing our understanding of a variety of physiological and neurological topics that affect human health and well being. Amino acids are used to probe inhibitory and excitatory transmission receptors in the brain. They contribute to our understanding of epilepsy, development of anti-epileptic drugs, production of novel y-arninobutyric acid uptake inhibitors, and acute and chronic neurodegenera tive disorders.

Author : G. C. Barrett,D. T. Elmore
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1998-10-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521468272

Get Book

Amino Acids and Peptides by G. C. Barrett,D. T. Elmore Pdf

This text is suitable for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in chemistry and biochemistry studying amino acids and peptides. The authors concentrate on amino acids and peptides without detailed discussions of proteins, although the book gives all the essential background chemistry, including sequence determination, synthesis and spectroscopic methods, to enable the reader to appreciate protein behaviour at the molecular level. The approach is intended to encourage the reader to cross classical boundaries, as in the later chapters on the biological roles of amino acids and the design of peptide-based drugs. For example, there is a section on the enzyme-catalysed synthesis of peptides, with suitable examples, an area often neglected in texts describing peptide synthesis. This modern text will be of value in the amino acid, peptide and protein field, to advanced undergraduates, graduate students and research workers.

Author : Rajkumar Rajendram,Victor R. Preedy,Vinood B. Patel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2014-11-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781493919239

Get Book

Branched Chain Amino Acids in Clinical Nutrition by Rajkumar Rajendram,Victor R. Preedy,Vinood B. Patel Pdf

This is the first volume in a 2-volume compendium that is the go-to source for both research- and practice-oriented information on the importance of branched chain amino acids in maintaining the nutritional status and overall health of individuals, especially those with certain disease conditions. Over 150 well recognized and respected contributors have come together to compile these up-to-date and well-referenced works. The volumes will serve the reader as the benchmarks in this complex area of interrelationships between dietary protein intakes and individual amino acid supplementation, the unique role of the branched chain amino acids in the synthesis of brain neurotransmitters, collagen formation, insulin and glucose modulation and the functioning of all organ systems that are involved in the maintenance of the body’s metabolic integrity. Moreover, the physiological, genetic and pathological interactions between plasma levels of branched chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids are clearly delineated so that students as well as practitioners can better understand the complexities of these interactions. Branched Chain Amino Acids in Clinical Nutrition: Volume 1 covers basic processes at the cellular level, inherited defects in branched chain amino acid metabolism, and experimental models of growth and disease states.

Author : Martha Louise Orr,Bernice Kunerth Watt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1957
Category : Amino acids
ISBN : MINN:31951000459115T

Get Book

Amino Acid Content of Foods by Martha Louise Orr,Bernice Kunerth Watt Pdf

Includes tables on content per gram of total nitrogen in edible portion of foods.

Author : Leon Chaitow
Publisher : Inner Traditions / Bear & Co
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1985-04
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 0892812877

Get Book

Amino Acids in Therapy by Leon Chaitow Pdf

Directed primarily to the health professional, this book covers all aspects of amino acid therapy and discusses conditions that respond particularly well to this treatment.

Author : Alton Meister
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 748 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Amino acids
ISBN : UOM:39015003394262

Get Book

Biochemistry of the Amino Acids by Alton Meister Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Food and Nutrition Board,Subcommittee on the Tenth Edition of the Recommended Dietary Allowances
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1989-02-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309040419

Get Book

Recommended Dietary Allowances by National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Food and Nutrition Board,Subcommittee on the Tenth Edition of the Recommended Dietary Allowances Pdf

Since its introduction in 1943 Recommended Dietary Allowances has become the accepted source of nutrient allowances for healthy people. These Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are used throughout the food and health fields. Additionally, RDAs serve as the basis for the U.S. Recommended Daily Allowances, the Food and Drug Administration's standards for nutrition labeling of foods. The 10th Edition includes research results and expert interpretations from years of progress in nutrition research since the previous edition and provides not only RDAs but also "Estimated Safe and Adequate Daily Dietary Intakes"â€"provisional values for nutrients where data were insufficient to set an RDA. Organized by nutrient for ready reference, the volume reviews the function of each nutrient in the human body, sources of supply, effects of deficiencies and excessive intakes, relevant study results, and more. The volume concludes with the invaluable "Summary Table of Recommended Dietary Allowances," a convenient and practical summary of the recommendations.