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Author : James E. Childs,John S. Mackenzie,Jürgen A. Richt Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 516 pages File Size : 51,8 Mb Release : 2007-07-23 Category : Medical ISBN : 9783540709626
Wildlife and Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: The Biology, Circumstances and Consequences of Cross-Species Transmission by James E. Childs,John S. Mackenzie,Jürgen A. Richt Pdf
This volume offers an overview of the processes of zoonotic viral emergence, the intricacies of host/virus interactions, and the role of biological transitions and modifying factors. The themes introduced here are amplified and explored in detail by the contributing authors, who explore the mechanisms and unique circumstances by which evolution, biology, history, and current context have contrived to drive the emergence of different zoonotic agents by a series of related events.
Unexpected Circumstances in European Contract Law by Ewoud Hondius,Christoph Grigoleit Pdf
The recent financial crisis has questioned whether existing contracts may be adapted, terminated or renegotiated as a result of unexpected circumstances. The question is not a new one. In medieval times the notion of clausula rebus sic stantibus was developed to cope with such situations, and Germany introduced the theory of Wegfall der Geschäftsgrundlage. In England, the Coronation cases provided one possible answer. This comparative study explores the possibility of classifying jurisdictions as 'open' or 'closed' in this regard.
Self-Action Leadership (Volume I) by Jordan R. Jensen Pdf
Self-Action Leadership (Volumes 1 and 2) provides the first, and only, books of their kind in the academic world today. This two volume set single-handedly carves out a new and unique scholarly niche by providing the first comprehensive and secular manual to holistically address society’s universal need for personal leadership and character education. Its single-minded aim is the global promotion and proliferation of leadership, character, and life skills education in nations, communities, organizations, schools, homes, and individual lives everywhere. The concept of Self-Action Leadership (SAL) is rooted in 30 years of extensive research spanning the fields of self-leadership, leadership, action research, character education, and autoethnography. In addition to drawing on the scholarship of these extant fields, SAL simultaneously builds upon them by introducing an original theory and model that executives, administrators, scholars, teachers, and practitioners alike can universally utilize to their own advantages and to the benefit of their colleagues, subordinates, and students. Volume I—The Self-Action Leadership Theory—contains prefacing material for the combined texts. It also includes the first four book sections of the two volume set.
AI 2003: Advances in Artificial Intelligence by Tamas D. Gedeon,Lance C.C. Fung Pdf
Consider the problem of a robot (algorithm, learning mechanism) moving along the real line attempting to locate a particular point ? . To assist the me- anism, we assume that it can communicate with an Environment (“Oracle”) which guides it with information regarding the direction in which it should go. If the Environment is deterministic the problem is the “Deterministic Point - cation Problem” which has been studied rather thoroughly [1]. In its pioneering version [1] the problem was presented in the setting that the Environment could charge the robot a cost which was proportional to the distance it was from the point sought for. The question of having multiple communicating robots locate a point on the line has also been studied [1, 2]. In the stochastic version of this problem, we consider the scenario when the learning mechanism attempts to locate a point in an interval with stochastic (i. e. , possibly erroneous) instead of deterministic responses from the environment. Thus when it should really be moving to the “right” it may be advised to move to the “left” and vice versa. Apart from the problem being of importance in its own right, the stoch- tic pointlocationproblemalsohas potentialapplications insolvingoptimization problems. Inmanyoptimizationsolutions–forexampleinimageprocessing,p- tern recognition and neural computing [5, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16, 19], the algorithm worksits wayfromits currentsolutionto the optimalsolutionbasedoninfor- tion that it currentlyhas. A crucialquestionis oneof determining the parameter whichtheoptimizationalgorithmshoulduse.
The Roots of Human Circumstance by Raymond A. Hult Pdf
Throughout his 27-year career as an FBI Special Agent in big cities and small, the author has personally associated with persons of all backgrounds living in circumstances ranging from extreme poverty to ultimate opulence. That has afforded him the unique perspective in analyzing not only the varied living conditions of those observed, but also the multitude of varied causes resulting in those wide-ranging circumstances. Add to that living for two years each in Morocco and Germany and traveling extensively around the world, he became convinced his experience would enable him to pinpoint in a concise manner some of the most significant roots and resulting circumstances encountered by humans throughout their sojourn in mortality; the purpose being to help facilitate an analysis of how to best maximize the worldly challenges faced by each of us. In addition to a joy of writing (this is his 6th published book), Ray and his wife have settled down in Utah having celebrated their 55th wedding anniversary while enjoying their five happily married daughters and 15 grandchildren. Oh yeah, and he probably plays too much golf.
Language Development In Exceptional Circumstances by Dorothy Bishop,K. Mogford Pdf
Ever since attempts were made to describe and explain normal language development, references to exceptional circumstances have been made. Variations in the conditions under which language is acquired can be regarded as natural experiments, which would not be feasible or ethical under normal circumstances. This can throw light on such questions as: *What language input is necessary for the child to learn language? *What is the relationship between cognition and language? *How independent are different components of language function? *Are there critical periods for language development? *Can we specify necessary and sufficient conditions for language impairment? This book covers a range of exceptional circumstances including: extreme deprivation, twinship, visual and auditory impairments, autism and focal brain damage? Written in a jargon-free style, and including a glossary of linguistic and medical terminology, the book assumes little specialist knowledge. This text is suitable for both students and practitioners in the fields of psycholinguistics, developmental and educational psychology, speech pathology, paediatrics and special education.
Host State Circumstances and Absolute Standards of Protection in International Investment Law by Johanna Braun Pdf
Dieses Werk beschäftigt sich mit den sogenannten "absoluten" Schutzstandards im internationalen Investitionsschutzrecht: dem Fair and Equitable Treatment (FET) und dem Full Protection and Security (FPS) Standard. Es bearbeitet die Frage, ob außergewöhnliche Umstände im Gaststaat einen Einfluss auf die Auslegung dieser Standards haben. Zu diesem Zweck untersucht die Autorin die normativen Grundlagen beider Standards, einschließlich des jeweiligen Wortlauts, Systematik und Zweck, bevor die bestehende Schiedsgerichtspraxis analysiert wird. .
Choice and Circumstance by Kristen A. Moore,Margaret C. Simms,Charles L. Betsy Pdf
First published in 1986. Forty five percent of black women have at least one child by the time they are turn twenty compared to 19 percent of white women. Eight-six percent of the births to black teens occurred to unmarried mothers compared to 30 percent among whites. Research shows that teenage childbearing has negative medical, social, and economic consequences and that women who first gave birth as teenagers are more likely to raise their families in poverty. In Choice and Circumstance the authors explore tree factors underlying the racial differences in the incidence of early childbearing; information about sex, pregnancy and contraception; need for family planning and abortion services; and motivation for postponing parenthood, including aspirations for schooling, employment plans and desire for children within marriage. They consider which teens postpone sex and pregnancy and why, and whether the kinds of motivation necessary to prevent early pregnancy vary by race in the United Sates, perhaps explaining the race differences in early childbearing.
The main objective of this book is to propose an alternative criminal opportunity theory. The authors build upon social control and routine activities to develop a dynamic, multi-contextual criminal opportunity theory. Emphasizing the importance of contextual explanations of criminal acts, they propose two levels of analysis: individual and environmental. At each level, the theory pivots on three broad organizing constructs--offenders motivated to commit criminal acts, targets such as persons or property suitable as objects of criminal acts, and the presence or absence of individuals or other defensive mechanisms capable of serving as guardians against criminal acts. Crime is profoundly real, possessing qualities that make its occurrence and prevention pressing and persistent matters for individuals and societies. Theory, in contrast, is seen as highly abstract and removed from the seriousness of "real life." Theory almost seems to be a peculiar sport of an academic class. The practically minded, even some academic criminologists, are often perplexed by the seeming obsession some scholars have with theory, which, after all, is nothing more than an explanation of facts. The practically minded, seeing a compelling need to identify the crucial factors that could be used to predict and prevent crime, wonder why anyone would invest precious time and energy into speculating about the abstract, underlying details of why crime occurs when and where it does.The authors contend that every intervention, prevention, and policy is based on some theoretical explanation of the causes of human behavior. The improvement of interventions, preventions, and policies is thus directly related to the improvement of theoretical understandings of the abstract, underlying details of the causes of crime. The development of explanations of events, when properly done, is a crucial component to understanding and possibly improving the "real world." This work does just that.
God, Help Me Overcome My Circumstances by Michael Youssef Pdf
Michael Youssef draws principles from the book of Judges that help us understand how difficult seasons of life lead to our spiritual growth and maturity. Dr. Youssef reminds us that when setbacks come, it's time to recommit ourselves in faith to God and learn to depend more fully on Him.
Standards of Life and Service by Thomas Henry Howard Pdf
In 'Standards of Life and Service', Commissioner Thomas Henry Howard delivers powerful addresses on the practical aspects of holiness and the demand for righteousness in Christianity. He distinguishes between God's work in justifying and purifying the soul and man's responsibility to obey God's laws. The addresses caution against antinomianism, emphasizing the importance of determined obedience to maintain spiritual experience. Through these popular yet deeply spiritual teachings, Howard provides readers with standards for a life of right living. This book is a valuable resource for anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of Salvation Army doctrine and improve their walk with God.
The Muslim Brotherhood Circumstances Surrounding its Establishment by Trends Research & Advisory Pdf
The Muslim Brotherhood is a phenomenon worthy of investigation given its geographical reach and the depth of its social and political influence, not only in the Arab and Muslim regions, but throughout the whole world. An analytical view of the historical circumstances surrounding the Group's emergence in Egypt is key to understanding the factors that have shaped its followers, its ideological vision and its tools of change. An examination of the social, economic and cultural environment which witnessed the inception of the Muslim Brotherhood is of special importance, as it allows us to envision the overall conditions that prevailed in Egypt at the time of the Group’s founding. Such a study is an attempt not only to understand the events and developments that accompanied the emergence of the Muslim Brotherhood, but to identify the ways in which these developments have colored events of the recent past. The study highlights the intellectual origins of the Muslim Brotherhood as embodied in Sunni Orthodoxy, the ideology of the Khawarij, and pioneers of the Arab-Islamic Renaissance (Nahda), such as Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, Muhammad Rashid Rida, and Abul A'la Maududi, whose thought deeply impacted the formulation of the Brotherhood's ideas. The study also addresses the role played by figures such as Hasan al-Banna and Sayyid Qutb, who entrenched violence within the Group’s rhetoric, worldview and actions. No less importantly, the study addresses the theoretical foundations of the Brotherhood’s thought and approach, which are highly generalized and ambiguous despite the Brotherhood’s claim that they are authentic and deeply rooted in the Islamic legal and juristic tradition.
New Knowledge and Changing Circumstances in the Law of the Sea by Tomas Heidar Pdf
New Knowledge and Changing Circumstances in the Law of the Sea focuses on the challenges posed to the existing legal framework, in particular the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and the various ways in which States are addressing these challenges.