Clusters

Author : Roy L. Johnston
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2002-04-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 1420055771

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Atomic and Molecular Clusters by Roy L. Johnston Pdf

Cluster physics is the foundation of the increasingly important field of nanotechnology. Clusters, ranging in size from a few to many millions of atoms, constitute a fascinating field of research in physics, chemistry and materials science. They are formed by most of the elements of the Periodic Table, and the types of bonding and the resultant clusters are equally as varied. This book introduces atomic clusters, ranging from weakly-bonded clusters of argon to strongly-bonded carbon clusters and metal nano-particles. It includes worked examples to enable lecturers and students to gauge their understanding and progress. Atomic and Molecular Clusters describes the experimental generation, detection and interrogation of clusters and theoretical approaches developed to aid understanding of their physical properties. It classifies clusters according to their bonding types and gives examples of present and possible future applications of clusters in electronic, optical and magnetic devices.

Author : Kerstin Press
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2006-09-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783790817638

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A Life Cycle for Clusters? by Kerstin Press Pdf

This book studies the determinants of cluster survival by analyzing their adaptability to change in the economic environment. Linking theoretic knowledge with empirical observations, a simulation model (based in the N/K method) is developed, which explains when and why the cluster's architecture assists or hampers adaptability. It is found that architectures with intermediate degrees of division of labor and more collective governance forms foster adaptability.

Author : Boris Mikhaĭlovich Smirnov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2000-06-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 0387988343

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Clusters and Small Particles by Boris Mikhaĭlovich Smirnov Pdf

Not merely a discussion of small particles or clusters of atoms, molecules, but also the systems they constitute. The goal is to analyse the properties of such finite aggregates and their behaviour in gases and plasmas, and to investigate processes that involve such clusters, based on lectures and seminar problems for graduates. The main part of the book includes more than 200 problems, covering collisions, charge transfer, chemical reactions, condensed systems and their structures, kinetics of cluster growth, excited clusters, the transition from clusters to bulk particles, and small particles, dust, and aerosols in plasmas. Reference data for corresponding parameters of systems under consideration is given in the appendices. Of interest to physicists, astrophysicists, and chemists.

Author : Shuang-Quan Zang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2024-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527352104

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Atomically Precise Metal Clusters by Shuang-Quan Zang Pdf

Atomically Precise Metal Clusters Thorough discussion on how surface modification and self-assembly play roles in the atomically precise formation and property tailoring of molecular clusters Atomically Precise Metal Clusters: Surface Engineering and Hierarchical Assembly summarizes and discusses the surface modification, assembly, and property tailoring of a wide variety of nanoclusters, including the well-explored metal clusters, addressing the structure–property relationships throughout. The atomic-level control in synthesis, new types of structures, and physical/chemical properties of nanoclusters are illustrated in various chapters. The controlled modification and assembly of metal nanoclusters is expected to have a major impact on future nanoscience research and other areas, with distinctive metal cluster-based function materials with precise structures uncovering exciting opportunities in both fundamental research and practical applications. Written by a highly qualified academic with significant research experience in the field, Atomically Precise Metal Clusters includes information on: Ligand engineering and assembly of coinage metal nanoclusters such as gold, silver, and copper Recent advances in post-modification of polyoxometalates and small transition metal chalcogenide superatom clusters Synthesis and assembly of cadmium chalcogenide supertetrahedral clusters and modification and assembly of Fe-S clusters Indium phosphide magic-sized clusters, ligand-tailoring platinum and palladium clusters, and metal oxo clusters (MOCs) Enabling access to desired functions in metal clusters for catalysis, optics, biomedicine, and other fields through surface engineering and supramolecular assembly A timely and comprehensive book that summarizes the recent progress in the surface modification and self-assembly of metal nanoclusters, Atomically Precise Metal Clusters provides essential guidance for graduate students and advanced researchers in material science, chemistry, biomedicine, and other disciplines.

Author : Piers Anthony
Publisher : Cluster
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2014-08-05
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 1497637686

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Cluster by Piers Anthony Pdf

As Cluster opens, the alien envoy Pnotl of Sphere Knyfh seeks help from Sphere Sol in a shared galactic-level crisis: Galaxy Andromeda has discovered the secret of energy transfer and intends to use it to steal the basic energy of the Milky Way Galaxy. Knyfh offers the secret of aura transfer on the understanding that Sphere Sol will spread the technology to help create a galactic coalition to find and defeat agents of Andromeda. Sol's highest-Kirlian individual is Flint, a green-skinned native of Outworld, who has a Kirlian aura of two hundred, an eidetic memory (useful for memorizing the complex equations of Kirlian transfer that he will need to communicate to other spheres). He has extraordinary intelligence and is highly adaptable. His mission is complicated, however, by the fact that he is pursued everywhere by a very high Kirlian female Andromedan agent and, somehow, the Andromedans are able to detect and trace Kirlian transfers. Flint embarks upon several missions to bring transfer technology to neighboring spheres, inhabiting various alien forms. His efforts are successful despite attacks and sabotage by the Andromedan agent. Through the conflict, however, the mutual attraction of their two vastly superior auras begins to undermine their individual loyalty to their own Spheres. Flint and a group of other entities recover the information that will allow them to detect and trace transfers, and a member of the group is revealed as the Andromedan agent. One result is the catastrophic destruction of the local habitat. Flint and his nemesis are transferred into alien Mintakan bodies to survive. Choosing to leave things with parity between their two galaxies, Flint and the Andromedan mate and remain together until their auras fade (which happens rapidly, since their physical bodies have been destroyed). Piers Anthony is one of the world's most popular fantasy writers, and a New York Times-bestselling author twenty-one times over. His Xanth novels have been read and loved by millions of readers around the world, and he daily receives hundreds of letters from his devoted fans. In addition to the Xanth series, Anthony is the author of many other bestselling works. He lives in Inverness, Florida.

Author : Nicole Röttmer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2011-06-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783834968098

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Innovation Performance and Clusters by Nicole Röttmer Pdf

While a strong research base on cluster assets exists, evidence on other factors such as capabilities, i.e. a local culture or networks, is anecdotal and dispersed across research streams. Nicole Röttmer sets out to identify and describe these capabilities, their impact on cluster innovativeness in the interplay with (proprietary) cluster resources and their development over time in a comprehensive model.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2005-08-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264007116

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Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Business Clusters Promoting Enterprise in Central and Eastern Europe by OECD Pdf

This book looks at the importance and potential of cluster initiatives in Central and Eastern Europe. Existing clusters are mapped, recent policy advances are described and conclusions are drawn on the potential of business clusters to foster economic growth.

Author : Maurício Araquam de Sousa,Marcelo Estrêla Fiche
Publisher : Digitaliza Conteudo
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2023-01-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9786586214901

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From regional clusters to global networks by Maurício Araquam de Sousa,Marcelo Estrêla Fiche Pdf

In this new book, instead of a simple opposition to the new Chinese expansionist policy ("One Belt One Road Initiative"), Professor Mauricio Sousa argues that the European Union should start to formulate strategies to expand parts of productive processes of its industries to new markets in Asia, Africa and Latin America, in partnership with business groups from these developing countries. Thus, avoiding a new trade war, Eastern and Western countries would benefit from the coordination of development initiatives for these new markets, with many developing countries having opportunity to receive technologies and to train their workforce to new production patterns (such as Industrie 4.0), while expanding European, North American and Asiatic supply chains, optimizing new port and railway infrastructures that China has been building around the world. European Digital Shipping companies could play a key role in this process, since they are increasingly being able to apply Blockchain and other new technology standards in order to identify business opportunities and to plan new logistics channels, becoming a strategic link between European and North American industries and new regions in developing countries to where they could expand, accelerating the formation of more consumer markets, integrating regional clusters into global production networks.

Author : Guojun Gan,Chaoqun Ma,Jianhong Wu
Publisher : SIAM
Page : 471 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2007-07-12
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780898716238

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Data Clustering by Guojun Gan,Chaoqun Ma,Jianhong Wu Pdf

Reference and compendium of algorithms for pattern recognition, data mining and statistical computing.

Author : Michael Christoph Thrun
Publisher : Springer
Page : 201 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2018-01-09
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783658205409

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Projection-Based Clustering through Self-Organization and Swarm Intelligence by Michael Christoph Thrun Pdf

This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. It covers aspects of unsupervised machine learning used for knowledge discovery in data science and introduces a data-driven approach to cluster analysis, the Databionic swarm (DBS). DBS consists of the 3D landscape visualization and clustering of data. The 3D landscape enables 3D printing of high-dimensional data structures. The clustering and number of clusters or an absence of cluster structure are verified by the 3D landscape at a glance. DBS is the first swarm-based technique that shows emergent properties while exploiting concepts of swarm intelligence, self-organization and the Nash equilibrium concept from game theory. It results in the elimination of a global objective function and the setting of parameters. By downloading the R package DBS can be applied to data drawn from diverse research fields and used even by non-professionals in the field of data mining.

Author : M. Korolija,Z. Basrak,R. Caplar
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810242336

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Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Clustering Aspects of Nuclear Structure and Dynamics by M. Korolija,Z. Basrak,R. Caplar Pdf

In the past three decades our understanding of the clustering behavior of nucleons in both nuclear structure and nuclear dynamics has evolved considerably. Moreover, the notion of the cluster has made its way into a number of scientific disciplines. This book provides an overview of the current understanding of clustering phenomena in nuclear structure and nuclear dynamics. The topics covered include: fundamental aspects of nuclear clustering, models of nucleon clusterization, clustering aspects of nuclear structure, selected topics on clustering aspects in medium- and high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions.

Author : Alain Mazure,Fabienne Casoli,Florence Durret,Daniel Gerbal
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1998-08-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814545419

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New Vision Of An Old Cluster, A - Untangling Coma Berenices by Alain Mazure,Fabienne Casoli,Florence Durret,Daniel Gerbal Pdf

Together with Virgo, the Coma Berenices cluster is one of the most well-studied clusters at all wavelengths and in all aspects, from the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect to star formation in galaxies. In a way, it is the prototype of rich clusters. Recent observational results, linked to the improvement of techniques such as X-ray and UV observations, along with multi-object spectroscopy, have shown that they could change our vision of this cluster. It is thus time for observers and theoreticians to confront all these new ideas and observations on the Coma cluster.The topics in this volume include: cosmological aspects of the Coma cluster, comparison with distant clusters; substructures; matter content and distribution; Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect; dynamical modelling, cluster dynamics; environmental effects on galaxies, star formation.

Author : Dr. G. Surya Narayana
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-27
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780359878024

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UNSUPERVISED CLUSTERING CATEGORICAL DATA USING EVOLUTIONARY OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES by Dr. G. Surya Narayana Pdf

Author : Paolo Milani,Salvatore Iannotta
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642598999

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Cluster Beam Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials by Paolo Milani,Salvatore Iannotta Pdf

This book supplies a systematic description of the preparation, characterization, and manipulation of cluster beams for the synthesis of nanocrystalline materials. It addresses all issues relevant to the realization of nanophase structures, providing an excellent introduction for scientists working in different fields. Particular emphasis is placed on using the technique for nanostructured materials and on explaining the role of cluster beams within the context of other experimental techniques in surface-science.

Author : Akifumi Kuchiki,Tetsuo Mizobe,Toshitaka Gokan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017-01-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137571281

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A Multi-Industrial Linkages Approach to Cluster Building in East Asia by Akifumi Kuchiki,Tetsuo Mizobe,Toshitaka Gokan Pdf

This book proposes measures to promote regional industrial development in East Asia from the perspective of three industries: agriculture, food, and tourism. The authors argue that for regional agriculture to develop, collaboration with the food industry is essential. Further, by linking tourism, economic collaboration between the three industries is strengthened. The first part of the book introduces a basic model for the formation of the agriculture, food, and tourism industry cluster. Contributions from leading academics in agricultural economics then go on to discuss the relevance of this multi-industry cluster in countries such as Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Cambodia, amongst others. The final part sets out new approaches for further development in the cluster through quantitative analyses of the ‘economies of sequence’ concept. Readers will discover that from establishing linkages between different industries and other economic sectors, important positive externalities can be generated and these processes can be triggered on the local or cluster level.