Genes Trade And Regulation The Seeds Of Conflict In Food Biotechnology

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Genes, Trade, and Regulation

Thomas Bernauer
Genes Trade and Regulation Book PDF

Author : Thomas Bernauer
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2016-06-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780691170893

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Genes, Trade, and Regulation by Thomas Bernauer Pdf

Agricultural (or "green") biotechnology is a source of growing tensions in the global trading system, particularly between the United States and the European Union. Genetically modified food faces an uncertain future. The technology behind it might revolutionize food production around the world. Or it might follow the example of nuclear energy, which declined from a symbol of socioeconomic progress to become one of the most unpopular and uneconomical innovations in history. This book provides novel and thought-provoking insights into the fundamental policy issues involved in agricultural biotechnology. Thomas Bernauer explains global regulatory polarization and trade conflict in this area. He then evaluates cooperative and unilateral policy tools for coping with trade tensions. Arguing that the tools used thus far have been and will continue to be ineffective, he concludes that the risk of a full-blown trade conflict is high and may lead to reduced investment and the decline of the technology. Bernauer concludes with suggestions for policy reforms to halt this trajectory--recommendations that strike a sensible balance between public-safety concerns and private economic freedom--so that food biotechnology is given a fair chance to prove its environmental, health, humanitarian, and economic benefits. This book will equip companies, farmers, regulators, NGOs, academics, students, and the interested public--including both advocates and critics of green biotechnology--with a deeper understanding of the political, economic, and societal factors shaping the future of one of the most revolutionary technologies of our times.

Governing the Transatlantic Conflict over Agricultural Biotechnology

Joseph Murphy,Les Levidow
Governing the Transatlantic Conflict over Agricultural Biotechnology Book PDF

Author : Joseph Murphy,Les Levidow
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2007-01-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134190928

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Governing the Transatlantic Conflict over Agricultural Biotechnology by Joseph Murphy,Les Levidow Pdf

Delays in approving genetically modified crops and foods in the European Union have led to a high profile trade conflict with the United States. This book analyses the EU-US conflict and uses it as a case study to explore the governance of new technologies. The transatlantic conflict over GM crops and food has been widely attributed to regulatory differences that divide the EU and the US. Going beyond common stereotypes of these differences and their origins, this book analyses the conflict through contending coalitions of policy actors operating across the Atlantic. Governing the Transatlantic Conflict over Agricultural Biotechnology focuses on interactions between the EU and the US, rather than on EU-US comparisons. Drawing on original research and interviews with key policy actors, the book shows how EU-US efforts to harmonise regulations for agricultural biotechnology created the context in which activists could generate a backlash against the technology. In this new context regulations were shaped along different lines. Joseph Murphy and Les Levidow provide new insights by elaborating critical perspectives on global governance, issue-framing, standard-setting and regulatory science. This accessible book will appeal to undergraduate and post-graduate students, academics and policy-makers working on a wide range of issues covered by political science, policy studies, international relations, economics, geography, business management, environmental and development studies, science and technology studies.

Trading In Genes

Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz
Trading In Genes Book PDF

Author : Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz
Publisher : Earthscan
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781849773430

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Trading In Genes by Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz Pdf

Few scientific developments have given rise to as much controversy as biotechnology. Numerous groups are united in their opposition, expressing concern over environmental and health risks, impacts on rural livelihoods, the economic dominance of multinational companies and the ethical implications of crossing species boundaries. Among the supporters of the technology are those that believe in its potential to enhance food security, further economic development, increase productivity and reduce environmental pressures. As a result, countries - and sectors within countries - find themselves at odds with each other while potential opportunities for development offered by the use of biotechnology are seized or missed, and related risks go unmanaged. This book, a unique interdisciplinary collection of perspectives from the developing world, examines the ongoing debate. Writing for the International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, leading experts address issues such as diffusion of technology, intellectual property rights, the Cartagena Protocol, impacts of international trade, capacity building and biotechnology research and regulation. With the most recent and relevant examples from around the world, Trading in Genes offers the reader a single-volume overview of the connections between biotechnology, trade and sustainability that is both wide-ranging and thorough

Trading in Genes

Ricardo Melendez-Ortiz
Trading in Genes Book PDF

Author : Ricardo Melendez-Ortiz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136551048

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Trading in Genes by Ricardo Melendez-Ortiz Pdf

Few scientific developments have given rise to as much controversy as biotechnology. Numerous groups are united in their opposition, expressing concern over environmental and health risks, impacts on rural livelihoods, the economic dominance of multinational companies and the ethical implications of crossing species boundaries. Among the supporters of the technology are those that believe in its potential to enhance food security, further economic development, increase productivity and reduce environmental pressures. As a result, countries - and sectors within countries - find themselves at odds with each other while potential opportunities for development offered by the use of biotechnology are seized or missed, and related risks go unmanaged. This book, a unique interdisciplinary collection of perspectives from the developing world, examines the ongoing debate. Writing for the International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, leading experts address issues such as diffusion of technology, intellectual property rights, the Cartagena Protocol, impacts of international trade, capacity building and biotechnology research and regulation. With the most recent and relevant examples from around the world, Trading in Genes offers the reader a single-volume overview of the connections between biotechnology, trade and sustainability that is both wide-ranging and thorough

Biotechnology Regulation and Trade

Stuart J. Smyth,William A. Kerr,Peter W. B Phillips
Biotechnology Regulation and Trade Book PDF

Author : Stuart J. Smyth,William A. Kerr,Peter W. B Phillips
Publisher : Springer
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319532950

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Biotechnology Regulation and Trade by Stuart J. Smyth,William A. Kerr,Peter W. B Phillips Pdf

This book discusses the regulatory and trade challenges facing the global adoption of biotechnological products and offers strategies for overcoming these obstacles and moving towards greater global food security. The first section of the book establishes the context of the conflict, discussing the challenges of global governance, international trade, and the history of regulation of genetically modified (GM) crops. In this section, the authors emphasize the shift from exclusively science-based regulation to the more socio-economically focused framework established by the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, which was adopted in 2000. The second section of the book provides a snapshot of the current state of international GM crop adoption and regulation, highlighting the US, Canada, and the EU. The final section of the book identifies options for breaking the gridlock of regulation and trade that presently exist. This book adds to the current literature by providing new information about innovative agricultural technologies and encouraging debate by providing an alternative to the narratives espoused by environmental non-governmental organizations. This book will appeal to students of economics, political science, and policy analysis, as well as members of regulatory agencies and agricultural industry firms.

Agricultural Biotechnology and Transatlantic Trade

Grant Isaac
Agricultural Biotechnology and Transatlantic Trade Book PDF

Author : Grant Isaac
Publisher : CABI
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2002-02-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 0851997007

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Agricultural Biotechnology and Transatlantic Trade by Grant Isaac Pdf

Genetically modified (GM) agricultural crops which are approved as safe in North America (Canada and the United States) are facing significant regulatory hurdles in gaining access to the European Union. The development and commercialization of GM crops illustrate a complex challenge facing trade diplomacy - the challenge of regulatory regionalism created by social regulatory barriers.

The International Politics of Genetically Modified Food

R. Falkner
The International Politics of Genetically Modified Food Book PDF

Author : R. Falkner
Publisher : Springer
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2006-11-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780230598195

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The International Politics of Genetically Modified Food by R. Falkner Pdf

Genetically modified food is at the heart of a new global conflict over how to govern risky technologies in an era of globalization. This timely collection brings together experts from the fields of IR, environmental studies, trade and law to examine the sources of international friction and to explore the prospects for international co-operation.

Seeds, Science, and Struggle

Abby Kinchy
Seeds Science and Struggle Book PDF

Author : Abby Kinchy
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2012-07-20
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780262517744

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Seeds, Science, and Struggle by Abby Kinchy Pdf

An examination of how advocates for alternative agriculture confront “science-based” regulation of genetically engineered crops. Genetic engineering has a wide range of cultural, economic, and ethical implications, yet it has become almost an article of faith that regulatory decisions about biotechnology be based only on evidence of specific quantifiable risks; to consider anything else is said to “politicize” regulation. In this study of social protest against genetically engineered food, Abby Kinchy turns the conventional argument on its head. Rather than consider politicization of the regulatory system, she takes a close look at the scientization of public debate about the “contamination” of crops resulting from pollen drift and seed mixing. Advocates of alternative agriculture confront the scientization of this debate by calling on international experts, carrying out their own research, questioning regulatory science in court, building alternative markets, and demanding that their governments consider the social and economic impacts of the new technologies. Kinchy focuses on social conflicts over canola in Canada and maize in Mexico, drawing out their linkages to the global food system and international environmental governance. The book ultimately demonstrates the shortcomings of dominant models of scientific risk governance, which marginalize alternative visions of rural livelihoods and sustainable food production.

Regulation of Genome Editing in Plant Biotechnology

Hans-Georg Dederer,David Hamburger
Regulation of Genome Editing in Plant Biotechnology Book PDF

Author : Hans-Georg Dederer,David Hamburger
Publisher : Springer
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2019-08-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783030171193

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Regulation of Genome Editing in Plant Biotechnology by Hans-Georg Dederer,David Hamburger Pdf

This book provides in-depth insights into the regulatory frameworks of five countries and the EU concerning the regulation of genome edited plants. The country reports form the basis for a comparative analysis of the various national regulations governing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in general and genome edited plants in particular, as well as the underlying regulatory approaches.The reports, which focus on the regulatory status quo of genome edited plants in Argentina, Australia, Canada, the EU, Japan and the USA, were written by distinguished experts following a uniform structure. On this basis, the legal frameworks are compared in order to foster a rational assessment of which approaches could be drawn upon to adjust, or to completely realign, the current EU regime for GMOs. In addition, a separate chapter identifies potential best practices for the regulation of plants derived from genome editing.

Risk Regulation, Science, and Interests in Transatlantic Trade Conflicts

D. Hornsby
Risk Regulation Science and Interests in Transatlantic Trade Conflicts Book PDF

Author : D. Hornsby
Publisher : Springer
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137034175

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Risk Regulation, Science, and Interests in Transatlantic Trade Conflicts by D. Hornsby Pdf

When regions like Canada, the US and the EU have disagreed over the legitimacy of risk perceptions they have placed science at the centre of international trade conflict. By looking across cases disputed and informally resolved, David Hornsby offers to deepen understanding of factors involved in risk based trade conflict.

Regulating Next Generation Agri-Food Biotechnologies

Michael Howlett,David Laycock
Regulating Next Generation Agri Food Biotechnologies Book PDF

Author : Michael Howlett,David Laycock
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781136338434

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Regulating Next Generation Agri-Food Biotechnologies by Michael Howlett,David Laycock Pdf

Agri-food bio-technology policy and regulation is transitioning from an early period focused on genetic engineering technologies to ‘next-generation’ rules and regulatory processes linked to challenges originating in a wide variety of new technological processes and applications. Can lessons learned from past and current regulatory oversights of agricultural biotechnology – and other high-technology sectors – help us address new and emerging regulatory challenges in the agri-food genetics sector? The expert contributors in this volume discuss the experiences of a wide range of North American, European and Asian countries with high technology regulation to address four key questions related to the past and future development of agri-food genomics regulation across the globe. how unique is agri-food biotechology regulation, and how can it be evaluated using the existing tools of regulatory analysis developed in examinations of other sectors? is a ‘government to governance’ model of regulatory regime development found in many other sectors relevant in this rapidly evolving sphere of activity? is a stages model of regulatory regime development accurate? And, if so, at which stage are we currently positioned in the regulation of agri-food genomics products and technologies? what drives movement between stages in different countries and sectors? In assessing such drivers, what are the key links between sectoral (meso) developments and more general macro and micro developments such as international relations and administrative behaviour? By updating, extending and challenging earlier empirical and theoretical social science perspectives on agricultural bio-technological regulation, this volume helps to inform future policy formulation. It will be of interest to practitioners and students of biotechnology, agriculture, and science and technology policy, and regulatory processes more generally.

Governing the Transatlantic Conflict Over Agricultural Biotechnology

Joseph Murphy,Les Levidow
Governing the Transatlantic Conflict Over Agricultural Biotechnology Book PDF

Author : Joseph Murphy,Les Levidow
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2007-01-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134190935

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Governing the Transatlantic Conflict Over Agricultural Biotechnology by Joseph Murphy,Les Levidow Pdf

This key text analyzes the EU-US conflict over GMOs and uses it to explore the governance of new technology. Although a lot has been written about the subject, this book discusses aspects of the case that are rarely, if ever, reported and examined.

Regulating Next Generation Agri-Food Biotechnologies

Michael Howlett,David Laycock
Regulating Next Generation Agri Food Biotechnologies Book PDF

Author : Michael Howlett,David Laycock
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-05-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781136338441

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Regulating Next Generation Agri-Food Biotechnologies by Michael Howlett,David Laycock Pdf

Agri-food bio-technology policy and regulation is transitioning from an early period focused on genetic engineering technologies to ‘next-generation’ rules and regulatory processes linked to challenges originating in a wide variety of new technological processes and applications. Can lessons learned from past and current regulatory oversights of agricultural biotechnology – and other high-technology sectors – help us address new and emerging regulatory challenges in the agri-food genetics sector? The expert contributors in this volume discuss the experiences of a wide range of North American, European and Asian countries with high technology regulation to address four key questions related to the past and future development of agri-food genomics regulation across the globe. how unique is agri-food biotechology regulation, and how can it be evaluated using the existing tools of regulatory analysis developed in examinations of other sectors? is a ‘government to governance’ model of regulatory regime development found in many other sectors relevant in this rapidly evolving sphere of activity? is a stages model of regulatory regime development accurate? And, if so, at which stage are we currently positioned in the regulation of agri-food genomics products and technologies? what drives movement between stages in different countries and sectors? In assessing such drivers, what are the key links between sectoral (meso) developments and more general macro and micro developments such as international relations and administrative behaviour? By updating, extending and challenging earlier empirical and theoretical social science perspectives on agricultural bio-technological regulation, this volume helps to inform future policy formulation. It will be of interest to practitioners and students of biotechnology, agriculture, and science and technology policy, and regulatory processes more generally.

The New Harvest

Calestous Juma
The New Harvest Book PDF

Author : Calestous Juma
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780190237233

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The New Harvest by Calestous Juma Pdf

African agriculture is currently at a crossroads, at which persistent food shortages are compounded by threats from climate change. But, as this book argues, Africa can feed itself in a generation and can help contribute to global food security. To achieve this Africa has to define agriculture as a force in economic growth by advancing scientific and technological research, investing in infrastructure, fostering higher technical training, and creating regional markets.

The Regulatory Challenge of Biotechnology

Han Somsen
The Regulatory Challenge of Biotechnology Book PDF

Author : Han Somsen
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2007-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781847204417

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The Regulatory Challenge of Biotechnology by Han Somsen Pdf

. . . a compilation of 12 invaluable contributions on this issue by internationally known experts in their respective fields. . . a valuable resource for academic professionals, policy makers and legislators, advocacy groups and scholars in legal and development studies. It is a storehouse of learning and practical knowledge for anyone interested in environmental policy, biosafety issues, biotechnology processes and associated regulatory constraints. Marcelin Tonye Mahop, Review of European Community and International Environmental Law For bioethicists, legal scholars and regulators struggling with what controls to place on biotechnology, this is required reading. John Avellanet, Journal of Commercial Biotechnology Biotechnology has prompted a revolution in science and society in the truest sense of the word. For what superficially appears to be a revolution in biotechnology, in effect touches upon the fundamentals of life and the way in which humans relate to it. This book will make a significant contribution to the debate surrounding the effective regulation of biotechnology. The contributing authors assess how regulatory regimes can accommodate the many different and often conflicting issues to which biotechnology is giving rise to (including a very tainted public image). The book s ultimate aim is to explore ways of designing a regulatory regime that takes heed of these different demands whilst, at the same time, answering to the imperatives of effectiveness and efficiency. The book synthesizes three fields of legal analysis; the first focuses on the risk-dominated regulation of GM food and bio-agriculture; the second involves human genetics as a field dominated by considerations of ethics. Finally, patent law has been chosen as an area captured by notions of property. With its holistic approach, The Regulatory Challenge of Biotechnology will be of great interest to academics, policymakers and regulators as well as biotechnology and law students.