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Explaining Lithium Enriched Red Giant Branch Stars by Claudia Aguilera-Gómez Pdf
This thesis provides new insights into the seemingly anomalous ubiquity of lithium-rich red giant stars. The theory of stellar evolution, one of the most successful models of modern astrophysics, predicts that red giant stars should display negligible levels of lithium (Li) on their surfaces. However, Li-rich giants, defined as those showing more than three times the Li content of the Sun, are found everywhere astronomers look in apparent defiance of established theory. The author addresses this problem, analyzing the different possible explanations for such an anomaly, which include interaction with a binary companion, the production of Li in the interior of the star with its subsequent transport to stellar exteriors, and the stellar interaction with planets. The author focuses on this last possibility, where the Li enrichment may be due to the ingestion of planets or brown dwarfs as the stars in question grew in size while becoming giants. She shows that this process is indeed able to explain an important fraction of giants with Li levels above the three times solar threshold, but that some other mechanism is needed to explain the remaining fraction. While this is an important discovery in its own right, the result that makes this thesis groundbreaking is its demonstration that the threshold between Li-normal and Li-rich is mass dependent rather than a fixed proportion of the Sun’s content. This corrects a fundamental misapprehension of the phenomenon and opens up a new framework in which to understand and solve the problem. Finally, the author presents interesting observational applications and samples with which to test this new approach to the problem of Li enrichment in giants.
Welcome to Jerryworld and an all-access pass to the most valuable sports franchise on the planet, the Dallas Cowboys. Many books have been written about the Cowboys, but there's never been an account like this one. How 'Bout Them Cowboys tells the story of the NFL's most successful franchise, with special access to its outspoken owner, Jerry Jones, his sons Stephen and Jerry Jr., daughter Charlotte, and dozens of interviews of current and former players and coaches, and characters from across Cowboy Nation. While tracking the successes and controversies of some of the biggest names in the NFL on and off the field, How 'Bout Them Cowboys? remembers the legends of previous generations, and explains why the star on the helmet has become iconic, and how a little expansion team from North Texas has evolved into a global $5 billion brand. Primed for their make-or-break 2018 season, How 'Bout Them Cowboys? delivers a fun and surprising account of America's Team, its greatest celebrities, its mercurial management, the vicious rivalries, and the enduring saga that makes this the most popular and polarizing team in sports.
This Book provides new foundations for modern physics and natural philosophy. In the past 100+ years, modern physics has been based on Quantum Concept, Einstein’s Relativity Theory, and three equations (Schroedinger Equation, Klein-Gordon Equation, and Dirac Equation). Relativity Theory not only is melted into the bones of modern sciences, it has also deeply infiltrated liberal arts and philosophical thoughts of several generations. As such, Einstein was regarded world’s greatest scientist in human history. While modern physics has splendid achievements in the past 100 years, it is now at a dead pass, unable to solve many fundamental problems like graviton, strong force, double slit experiments, quantum entanglement, etc.. Worse, the latest astronomical discoveries by the Webb Telescope has brought strong evidences against the Big Bang Theory that is based on General Relativity. As such, the whole modern physics is at jeopardy. Through lifetime pondering and research, the author has found that modern physics is on many shaky grounds and finally rebuilt physics without them. This book is the culmination of his lifetime work, most of its contents are published for the firs time. Chapter 1 provides a brief history of human cognition, and discusses the criteria for discerning truth and fallacy. Chapter 2 rigorously invalidates both Special Relativity and General Relativity from four different grounds, pulling down all existing “evidences” that were claimed to support Relativity Theory. Chapter 3 reviews the fundamental concepts in physics and natural philosophy and makes necessary corrections. Chapter 4 gives a new theory on gravity and gravitons. Chapter 5 re-studies electromagnetics, provides a complex set of Maxwell Equations and a new theory on electromagnetic wave. Chapter 6 provides a new photon theory, which not only satisfies all existing knowledge about photon, but solves the problems of double slit experiment and quantum entanglement successfully. Chapter 7 derives Schroedinger Equation from two basic physics principles and prove that the Schroedinger Wave Function does not represent particle state probability, but its complex electric and magnetic field energies. Error-prong modern physics methods are also criticized. Chapter 8 provides a new particle theory, which not only solves the mystery of proton and neutron, but can successfully construct atoms of large atomic numbers. The new theory also reveals the secrets of strong force and weak force, as well as chemical bonds. Chapter 9 also rebuilds the foundation of thermodynamics by redefining entropy explicitly, so to greatly simplifies the basic thermodynamics equations. Many well-known results in thermodynamic and statistical physics are invalidated. Chapter 10 also rebuilds the foundation of astrophysics. First, the main cause of star’s light spectrum redshift is finally discovered. Second, the basic pressure and temperature equations inside stars are corrected. Third, new theories about stars, galaxies, and universe are provided which are consistent with observations and new physics theories in this book. Fourth, the true energy source in nuclear fission and fusion is discovered. Chapter 11 discusses a few important things about life. Chapter 12 discusses a few things that face human in the near future. Appendix provides a comprehensive discussion on redshifts of star light spectrum, and finally prove that quantum loss redshift is the main cause of star light spectrum redshift. Appendix B proves that if Special Relativity is correct, then General Relativity is not. It also provides a simple, closed form solution for photon’s motion in gravity field. While the author cannot guarantee correctness of everything in the book, the new theories overcome the contradictions of existing ones and explain many more things that existing ones could not. The most important thing is all the theories in the book are mutually consistent and therefore re-enforce each other. As such, the author thinks that the GUT and TOE problems that physicists have dreamed along are now closed.
Author : All India Radio (AIR),New Delhi Publisher : All India Radio (AIR),New Delhi Page : 108 pages File Size : 46,5 Mb Release : 1947-06-07 Category : Antiques & Collectibles ISBN : 8210379456XXX
THE INDIAN LISTENER by All India Radio (AIR),New Delhi Pdf
The Indian Listener (fortnightly programme journal of AIR in English) published by The Indian State Broadcasting Service,Bombay ,started on 22 December, 1935 and was the successor to the Indian Radio Times in english, which was published beginning in July 16 of 1927. From 22 August ,1937 onwards, it was published by All India Radio,New Delhi.In 1950,it was turned into a weekly journal. Later,The Indian listener became "Akashvani" in January 5, 1958. It was made a fortnightly again on July 1,1983. It used to serve the listener as a bradshaw of broadcasting ,and give listener the useful information in an interesting manner about programmes,who writes them,take part in them and produce them along with photographs of performing artists. It also contains the information of major changes in the policy and service of the organisation. NAME OF THE JOURNAL: The Indian Listener LANGUAGE OF THE JOURNAL: English DATE,MONTH & YEAR OF PUBLICATION: 07-06-1947 PERIODICITY OF THE JOURNAL: Fortnightly NUMBER OF PAGES: 108 VOLUME NUMBER: Vol. XII, No. 12 BROADCAST PROGRAMME SCHEDULE PUBLISHED(PAGE NOS): 36-95 ARTICLE: 1. Pay Commission's Recommendaions 2. Our Mineral Resources 3. Inside a Star AUTHOR: 1. The Hon'ble Mr. Liaqat Ali Khan 2. Prof. T. N. Muthuswamy 3. Dr. Gorakh Prasad KEYWORDS: 1. Pay Commission, Central Government, Wage, Worker, Labour, Basic pay scale, Standard of living 2. Manganese, Tungsten, Cobalt, Chromium, Singbhum, Balaghat, Mica, Ratnagiri 3. Observatory, Brightness, Meteor, Mars, Comet Document ID: INL-1947 (J-J) Vol-I (11)
Physical Processes in Fragmentation and Star Formation by Roberto Capuzzo-Dolcetta,C. Chiosi,Alberto Di Fazio Pdf
Recent years have witnessed the expansion and multiplication of the observations of star formation and fragmentation accompanied by a consequent growth in the study of the underlying physical processes, the chemistry, the sites, the times, etc. Moreover, recent studies have shown that the formation of stars is likely to share many features with the formation of other self-gravitating objects. The present volume, therefore, discusses the formation of such objects in a systematic and comparative manner.
Flare Stars in Star Clusters, Associations, and the Solar Vicinity by International Astronomical Union. Symposium Pdf
Some 70 papers present the flare star problem from both a physical and evolutionary aspect, and represent an interaction between investigators working on flare stars in clusters and associations, and those working on the UV Ceti stars in solar vicinity. The variety of perspectives reveal a physical similarity among several non-stable phenomena, and suggest that the different manifestations of stellar activity result from the release of some unknown kind of energy in the outer layers of young stars. The papers deal not only with different aspects of flare stars, but also with such related objects as T Tauri stars, fluors, and Herbig-Haro objects. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Jewish Themes in Star Trek by Yonassan Gershom Pdf
Rabbi Gershom takes you where no rabbi has gone before! You don't have to be Jewish to enjoy this well-researched and reader-friendly journey into Jewish themes, actors, writers, in-jokes and subtexts in the Star Trek Universe. Inspired by a class he taught at the Minneapolis Talmud Torah, the book explores such things as: The Jewish origin of the Vulcan salute; How Vulcan culture is based on rabbinical Judaism; "Who is a Jew" among Trek characters in episodes, movies and the novels; How Talmudic logic helped expand the Star Trek universe; Why Ferengi values are NOT Jewish values -- and much more!
Inside Star Trek by Herbert F. Solow,Robert H. Justman Pdf
A history of the classic television series describes the 1964 collaboration of the authors and Gene Roddenberry and chronicles the personalities, production methods, and special effects that resulted in the show's phenomenal legacy
Giant Molecular Clouds in the Galaxy by P. M. Solomon,M. G. Edmunds Pdf
Giant Molecular Clouds in the Galaxy: Third Gregynog Astrophysics Workshop covers the proceedings of the 1977 Third Gregynog Astrophysics Workshop on Giant Molecular Clouds (GMC), held at the University of Wales. This book is organized into 11 parts encompassing 33 chapters. After a brief introduction to the significant features of GMC, this book goes on examining radio, millimeter, and galactic center observations of GMC, along with their infrared properties and kinematics. Other parts deal with the water sources in GMC; time variation in interstellar water masers; and the relation of HII regions to molecular clouds. The remaining parts discuss the evolution of interstellar molecular clouds and the role of magnetic fields in the collapse of protostellar gas clouds. These parts also cover the chemistry of interstellar molecules containing nitrogen and the search for other planetary systems. This book will prove useful to cloud scientists, physicists, astronomers, and researchers.
Infrared Astronomy - Seeing the Heat by David L. Clements Pdf
Uncover the Secrets of the Universe Hidden at Wavelengths beyond Our Optical GazeWilliam Herschel's discovery of infrared light in 1800 led to the development of astronomy at wavelengths other than the optical. Infrared Astronomy - Seeing the Heat: from William Herschel to the Herschel Space Observatory explores the work in astronomy that relies on
The outline of this story: "Barbie in Star Light Adventure" is a story about dreams, courage, friendship, and the many wonders of the world that will never get old. The story is set in the beautiful town of Glitter Ville, where we meet Barbie, a wonderful girl who can't get enough of adventures. She wants to leave her small town. She has beautiful blue eyes and golden hair. Barbie has a strong urge to reach for the stars one night as she looks at them from her balcony. She goes on a mission to reach her goals in the universe. Her wise grandpa, Professor Pops, an inventor, and former moon explorer, inspires her to do this. Professor Pops gives Barbie great advice, stressing how important it is to be brave, determined, and plan carefully. Barbie works hard to learn about science, physics, and building spaceships. Her friends Skipper, Stacie, and Chelsea always back her up. They work together to design and build the "Star Dreamer," a spaceship that can handle the harsh conditions of space flight. Barbie and her friends work hard on their project for months, which turn into years. The Star Dreamer is finally ready to go on its first trip. Professor Pops' eyes shine with pride as all of Glitter Ville comes together to say goodbye to Barbie. When the Star Dreamer takes off into the night sky, Barbie's heart skips a beat. She goes on a trip through space that will take her to faraway worlds, introduce her to strange animals, and show her the wonders of the universe. Along the way, she meets a hurt star named Twinkle, who invites her to join her search for the famous Star Crystal. Barbie's journey shows how strong dreams can be and how important friends are. Nova the Comet and Luna the Moonbeam help Barbie and her new friends get around the sky. They answer puzzles, show old truths, and show how kindness can make a difference. Their trip takes them to Lumaria, a remote and interesting world where the Star Crystal is kept. After going through a lot of trouble and pain, they reach the heart of Lumaria and break Star Crystal's spell. The whole world is filled with a warm, caring light, and the stars are shining brighter than they ever have. Barbie says goodnight to her alien friends and goes back to Earth when the job is done. People in Glitter Ville are glad to see her back because while she was gone, the stars got brighter. The village changes into a place where science, art, and adventure are at the center. Barbie's impact goes far beyond the small town where she grew up. She motivates people all over the world, sparking a global interest in space travel and bringing people together as they try to reach their goals. Her journey, which was full of dreams, courage, knowledge, and friendship, shows that the universe is full of magic and wonder for those who are brave enough to explore it. As the story goes on, Barbie's name comes to mean "stars," and her heart will always belong to the sky. Her legacy is a monument to the power of dreams, the search for knowledge, the strength of friendships, and the vast possibilities of the world. It's a reminder that anyone with bravery and a strong will can reach for the stars and find out all the secrets of the universe. How the story started: Once upon a time, a young woman named Barbie lived in the lovely town of Glitter Ville. Glitter Ville was a beautiful little town in a valley surrounded by hills covered in bright wildflowers. The town itself was a sight to see, with its cobblestone streets, pastel-colored houses, and streets lined with trees that bloomed in every color of the rainbow. It was the kind of place where it felt like time had stopped and every day was a nice, warm afternoon. Barbie, on the other hand, was not like the other girls in Glitter Ville. She stood out like a sparkling gem among a bunch of different people. Barbie was different from her friends because she had a unique sense of fun. While the other kids spent their afternoons playing in the town square or exploring the nearby woods, Barbie's heart longed for something more. She really wanted to see the world outside of her small, lovely town. The place Barbie lived in was just as appealing as the way she looked. Her calm, deep blue eyes looked like they held the soul of the evening sky. They had a spark of curiosity and wonder that hinted at her unique spirit. When Barbie walked, her golden hair sparkled and flowed like liquid sunshine. It fell in waves down her back, catching the light and giving her a warm, golden glow wherever she went. The people of Glitter Ville were amazed by Barbie's beauty and her special way of making every day look like something special. Her laughter sounded like wind chimes in the distance, and she could make an easy walk across the town square into a fun adventure. Her love of life was inspiring, and people were drawn to her like moths to a flame. Her friends loved spending time with her. But Barbie wasn't just special because she was beautiful or had a charming personality. What really set her apart was the fire in her heart, which was full of dreams and a strong desire to see the world outside of Glitter Ville. Barbie's dreams were as big as the sky, and she wanted to go on adventures that would take her to faraway places with amazing things she had never seen before. Every night, Barbie would sit on her porch and stare at the stars as the sun set and turned the sky pink and orange. She would get lost in the sparkling constellations and trace them with her finger as if she could touch them. During these times, her dreams took off, and she imagined herself as a brave explorer who flew through the universe to faraway galaxies and new worlds. Barbie's room showed how creative she could be. The walls were covered with posters of scientists, celestial bodies, and spaceships of all shapes and sizes. She had a library full of books about astronomy, physics, and space travel, which she read quickly because she was so hungry for knowledge. Barbie was determined to find out as much as she could about the universe. She knew that knowledge was the key to finding out the secrets of the universe. Barbie's sense of adventure, however, was not just in her head. She was a girl who did things, and she knew that dreams alone wouldn't get her out of Glitter Ville. Barbie wanted to make her dreams come true as much as she wanted to be like the stars she looked up to. She knew she couldn't travel by herself, so she asked her best friends, Skipper, Stacie, and Chelsea, to help her. They were a close-knit group of friends. Each of them had their own skills and quirks, but they all loved Barbie and were loyal to her. Together, they were an unbeatable force that was ready to take on any problem. Barbie felt a deep longing in her heart as she lay on her porch and looked up at the stars one beautiful evening. The sky was a medley of colors that made the night in Glitter Ville different from any other. The stars shone with a brightness that seemed to go beyond what was known. Each one looked like a tiny lamp lighting up the dark night, and all of them together gave the town a beautiful, ethereal glow. Barbie's balcony was her safe place. It was a place where she could get away from the everyday and dive into the mysteries of the world. She would often come back to this place after a long day of learning and getting ready for her next trip. The balcony gave her a first-person view of the wonders of the universe that had her mind riveted. Here, she found peace, inspiration, and a strong sense of being connected to the world. Barbie leaned back in her balcony chair and ran her fingers along the cool wrought-iron fence. A light breeze carried the smell of flowers from nearby fields, and the quiet chirping of crickets was a soothing lullaby. She looked up into the sky, and her blue eyes sparkled in the light of the stars. She felt a clear connection to the world. As she looked up at all the stars, she felt a strong sense of desire. It was as if the stars themselves were telling her secrets and pushing her to find out what amazing things were outside of Glitter Ville. It was more than a little girl's usual fantasy; it was a call from the deepest part of her soul. Barbie knew that there was something beyond the twinkling stars that she had to find out about. Since she could remember, she had been getting this feeling. She couldn't stop wanting to go to places no one from Glitter Ville had ever been before. She felt like her future was tied to the stars, and she couldn't fight it any longer. Barbie made a firm choice that changed the course of her life for good. She decided to go on a trip that would take her to meet the stars she looked up to. She didn't make the choice quickly because she knew that such an expedition would be hard and full of unknowns. Barbie, on the other hand, had always been a girl with a strong will. Once she made up her mind about something, she never changed her mind. As Barbie put her plan into action, the next few days were a blur of action. She didn't think she could go on such a crazy trip by herself, so she asked her grandfather, Professor Pops, for help and support. Professor Pops was an old man with a lot of experience. He had once made a rocket that went to the moon. He had always supported Barbie's goals because he saw the same spark of curiosity and excitement in her eyes that had led him to pursue his own. Barbie sat down with her granddad, and they talked late into the night about her goals and dreams. She said she wanted to learn more about the stars, and Professor Pops was happy to help. He knew Barbie could do great things, and he put all of his faith in her. With his help, Barbie started making plans for her trip through space. Barbie's first step was to learn the information and skills she needed to go to space. She worked hard at her studies and read a lot of books about astronomy, physics, and building spaceships. Every day was a chance to learn something new, and she liked the challenge of mastering the hard topics that would prepare her for the unknown. Barbie was very determined, and she put a lot of effort into her schoolwork. She spent a lot of time at the local library, surrounded by stacks of books and notes, learning about how to use the stars to navigate and how rockets work. Her friends Skipper, Stacie, and Chelsea joined her in her quest for information. Together, they formed a close and eager study group. Barbie and her friends became a strong team as the days turned into weeks and the weeks into months. They were all driven by a desire to find out more about the world. They worked on hard math, experiments, and hands-on projects like designing spacecraft parts and making model rockets. It was its own journey of discovery, as they learned not only about how big the universe is, but also about the power of friendship and working together. Barbie's room was turned into a makeshift lab with plans, charts, and mockups of spacecraft parts. The walls were covered with posters of astronauts and space adventures, which were always a source of inspiration. Barbie could feel her excitement growing as they got closer to their goal each day, like a rocket getting ready to take off. But Barbie's adventures didn't just take place in her studies and in her room. She knew that having practical knowledge was just as important as knowing things in theory. With the help of her grandfather, she and her friends made a life-sized copy of their spaceship, the "Star Dreamer." It was a labor of love, built with precision and care, and it was a physical representation of their hopes and dreams. As the Star Dreamer took shape, the whole town of Glitter Ville came together to help Barbie and her friends. The community came together to help. Engineers and craftspeople from the area shared their knowledge, and people from the town gave support and supplies. The way people worked together in Glitter Ville was a testament to the belief that dreams can come true when a community works together.