International Marijuana

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The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Health Effects of Marijuana: An Evidence Review and Research Agenda
The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Health Effects of Marijuana: An Evidence Review and Research Agenda
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 487 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309453073

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The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Health Effects of Marijuana: An Evidence Review and Research Agenda Pdf

Significant changes have taken place in the policy landscape surrounding cannabis legalization, production, and use. During the past 20 years, 25 states and the District of Columbia have legalized cannabis and/or cannabidiol (a component of cannabis) for medical conditions or retail sales at the state level and 4 states have legalized both the medical and recreational use of cannabis. These landmark changes in policy have impacted cannabis use patterns and perceived levels of risk. However, despite this changing landscape, evidence regarding the short- and long-term health effects of cannabis use remains elusive. While a myriad of studies have examined cannabis use in all its various forms, often these research conclusions are not appropriately synthesized, translated for, or communicated to policy makers, health care providers, state health officials, or other stakeholders who have been charged with influencing and enacting policies, procedures, and laws related to cannabis use. Unlike other controlled substances such as alcohol or tobacco, no accepted standards for safe use or appropriate dose are available to help guide individuals as they make choices regarding the issues of if, when, where, and how to use cannabis safely and, in regard to therapeutic uses, effectively. Shifting public sentiment, conflicting and impeded scientific research, and legislative battles have fueled the debate about what, if any, harms or benefits can be attributed to the use of cannabis or its derivatives, and this lack of aggregated knowledge has broad public health implications. The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids provides a comprehensive review of scientific evidence related to the health effects and potential therapeutic benefits of cannabis. This report provides a research agendaâ€"outlining gaps in current knowledge and opportunities for providing additional insight into these issuesâ€"that summarizes and prioritizes pressing research needs.

Therapeutic Uses of Cannabis

British Medical Association
Therapeutic Uses of Cannabis Book PDF

Author : British Medical Association
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1997-11-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9057023180

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Therapeutic Uses of Cannabis by British Medical Association Pdf

At the last Annual Representative Meeting of the British Medical Association a motion was passed that `certain additional cannabinoids should be legalized for wider medicinal use.'' This report supports this landmark statement by reviewing the scientific evidence for the therapeutic use of cannabinoids and sets the agenda for change. It will be welcomed by those who believe that cannabinoids can be used in medical treatment. The report discusses in a clear and readable form the use and adverse effects of the drug for nausea, multiple sclerosis, pain, epilepsy, glaucoma, and asthma.

World Wide Weed

Tom Decorte
World Wide Weed Book PDF

Author : Tom Decorte
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2016-02-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781134785216

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World Wide Weed by Tom Decorte Pdf

For the majority of its history, the cultivation of cannabis did not stand out, at least compared to the cultivation of other illegal plants. Cannabis plantations, like coca bush or opium poppy plantations, were typically large in size, grown by local farmers in a handful of developing (producing) countries, processed and then exported to industrial (consuming) nations. While cocaine and heroin are still produced in a handful of developing countries, cannabis cultivation is increasingly universal. From Europe to the Americas and Oceania, import substitution in cannabis markets has been noticed in almost every developed country around the world, with a notable aversion for discrimination. Geographical, technological, cultural and economic factors help to explain why (indoor and outdoor) domestic cultivation is well established, and why the nature and extent of cultivation varies so dramatically across the western, developed nations. As we start the second decade of the 21st century, the new cannabis industry continues to fascinate both casual and academic observers of the drug scene. Researchers around the world have become increasingly interested in the phenomenon, aiming to describe, and potentially explain, the rapid switch from importation to domestic production in their own countries. In bringing together some of the world's leading experts on cannabis cultivation this book contains sixteen chapters that take an interdisciplinary look at global trends in cannabis cultivation. It will serve as an exemplar for wider discussions of key theories and concepts relating to the spread not just of cannabis cultivation, but also of illegal markets more generally, the actors that operate within these markets and the policies and practices that are employed in response to developments within these markets.

Cannabis

Lucas Richert,Jim Mills
Cannabis Book PDF

Author : Lucas Richert,Jim Mills
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2021-08-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780262045209

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Cannabis by Lucas Richert,Jim Mills Pdf

Cannabis consumption, commerce, and control in global history, from the nineteenth century to the present day. This book gathers together authors from the new wave of cannabis histories that has emerged in recent decades. It offers case studies from Africa, Asia, the Americas, Europe, and the Middle East. It does so to trace a global history of the plant and its preparations, arguing that Western colonialism shaped and disseminated ideas in the nineteenth century that came to drive the international control regimes of the twentieth. More recently, the emergence of commercial interests in cannabis has been central to the challenges that have undermined that cannabis consensus. Throughout, the determination of people around the world to consume substances made from the plant has defied efforts to stamp them out and often transformed the politics and cultures of using them. These texts also suggest that globalization might have a cannabis history. The migration of consumers, the clandestine networks established to supply them, and international cooperation on control may have driven much of the interconnectedness that is a key feature of the contemporary world.

Marijuana Legalization

Jonathan Paul Caulkins,Beau Kilmer,Mark Kleiman
Marijuana Legalization Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Paul Caulkins,Beau Kilmer,Mark Kleiman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190262402

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Marijuana Legalization by Jonathan Paul Caulkins,Beau Kilmer,Mark Kleiman Pdf

Marijuana Legalization: What Everyone Needs to Know provides readers with a non-partisan primer covering everything from the risks and benefits of using marijuana to what is happening with marijuana laws around the world. This book serves as the price of admission for any serious discussion about marijuana legalization.

High Time

Andrew Potter,Daniel Weinstock
High Time Book PDF

Author : Andrew Potter,Daniel Weinstock
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780773556362

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High Time by Andrew Potter,Daniel Weinstock Pdf

It took Canada fifty years to reform its marijuana laws. Did it get them right?

Pot Planet

Brian Preston
Pot Planet Book PDF

Author : Brian Preston
Publisher : Grove/Atlantic, Inc.
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2007-12-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780802198204

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Pot Planet by Brian Preston Pdf

“A gimlet-eyed and often hilarious account of the author’s round-the-world reefer safari . . . A surprisingly clear-headed view of potheads worldwide” (The New Yorker). In Pot Planet, journalist Brian Preston sets out on a global ganja safari to explore strange new cannabis cultures, to seek out new growers, activists, and other reefer revolutionaries . . . and to boldly get baked with each of them. Preston’s journeys take him across every strata of pot cultivation and enjoyment. In the Canadian Kootenays, he meets hemp farmers struggling to harvest their crop on the fringes of legitimacy. In Cambodia and Morocco, he explores the final frontiers of Third World weed enthusiasts. In northern California, he takes a clear-eyed look at the medicinal marijuana movement, seeing both its promises and its problems. In England, Switzerland, and Spain, he observes grudging governments catching up to public tolerance. And at the Cannabis Cup in Amsterdam, he joins in the raucous multiday tasting competition and celebration at the international summit of the best breeders, growers, and connoisseurs in the world. Part investigative travelogue, part cultural history, part polemic for the unfettered enjoyment of nature’s most perfect and pleasing herb, Pot Planet is an unforgettable odyssey into the multifaceted world of hemp, full of wit, insight, and inspiration. “Fun to read, gallops along and, should you like to embark on such an odyssey yourself, might even serve as a guide . . . [or] an intoxicated mystery tour.” —Salon “A marvelously entertaining, well-written and probing look at the world though marijuana . . . Throughout, Preston proves himself to be both an intrepid traveler and a fine storyteller.” —Publishers Weekly

Legalizing Cannabis

Tom Decorte,Simon Lenton,Chris Wilkins
Legalizing Cannabis Book PDF

Author : Tom Decorte,Simon Lenton,Chris Wilkins
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429765049

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Legalizing Cannabis by Tom Decorte,Simon Lenton,Chris Wilkins Pdf

Marijuana is the most widely used illegal drug in the world. Over the past couple of decades, several Western jurisdictions have seen reforms in, or changes to, the way cannabis use is being controlled, departing from traditional approaches of criminal prohibition that have dominated cannabis use control regimes for most of the twentieth century. While reform is stalled at the international level, the last decade has seen an acceleration of legislative and regulatory reforms at the local and national levels, with countries no longer willing to bear the human and financial costs of prohibitive policies. Furthermore, legalization models have been implemented in US states, Canada and Uruguay, and are being debated in a number of other countries. These models are providing the world with unique pilot programs from which to study and learn. This book assembles an international who’s who of cannabis scholars who bring together the best available evidence and expertise to address questions such as: How should we evaluate the models of cannabis legalization as they have been implemented in several jurisdictions in the past few years? Which scenarios for future cannabis legalization have been developed elsewhere, and how similar/different are they from the models already implemented? What lessons from the successes and failures experienced with the regulation of other psychoactive substances (such as alcohol, tobacco, pharmaceuticals and “legal highs”) can be translated to the effective regulation of cannabis markets? Legalizing Cannabis will appeal to anyone interested in public health policies and drug policy reform and offers relevant insights for stakeholders in any other country where academic, societal or political evaluations of current cannabis policies (and even broader: current drug policies) are a subject of debate.

Cannabis Policy

Robin Room,Benedikt Fischer,Wayne Hall,Peter Reuter,Simon Lenton
Cannabis Policy Book PDF

Author : Robin Room,Benedikt Fischer,Wayne Hall,Peter Reuter,Simon Lenton
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199581481

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Cannabis Policy by Robin Room,Benedikt Fischer,Wayne Hall,Peter Reuter,Simon Lenton Pdf

It looks at the experience of a number of countries which have tried reforming their regimes and softening prohibition, exploring the kinds of changes or penalties for use for possession: including depenalization, decriminalization, medical control, and different types of legalization. It evaluates such changes and draws on them to assess the effects on levels and patterns of use, on the market, and on adverse consequences of prohibition. For policymakers willing to look outside the box of the global prohibition regime, the book examines the options and possibilities for a country or group of countries to bring about change in, or opt out of, the global control system. Throughout, the book examines cannabis within a global frame, and provides in accessible form information which anyone considering reform will need in order to make decisions on cannabis policy (much of which is new or has not been readily available).

Cultures of Cannabis Control

David Brewster
Cultures of Cannabis Control Book PDF

Author : David Brewster
Publisher : Policy Press
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2022-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781529214963

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Cultures of Cannabis Control by David Brewster Pdf

From the local to the global, the governance of illegal drug use is becoming increasingly fragmented. In some contexts, prohibitive regimes are being transformed or replaced, while in others there are renewed commitments to criminalized control. But what gives rise to convergence and divergence in processes of policy making, both across different countries as well as within them? Based upon empirical qualitative research with 'elite' insiders, David Brewster explores a diverse range of cannabis policy approaches across the globe. His original analysis reveals the factors which facilitate or hinder punitive or liberalising tendencies in cannabis policy processes, concluding with future directions for policy making and comparative criminology.

Health and Social Effects of Nonmedical Cannabis Use (The)

World Health Organization
Health and Social Effects of Nonmedical Cannabis Use The Book PDF

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2016-03-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789241510240

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Health and Social Effects of Nonmedical Cannabis Use (The) by World Health Organization Pdf

Cannabis is globally the most commonly used psychoactive substance under international control. In 2013 an estimated 181.8 million people aged 15-64 years used cannabis for nonmedical purposes globally (UNODC 2015). There is an increasing demand for treatment for cannabis-use disorders and associated health conditions in high- and middle-income countries. This report focuses on nonmedical use of cannabis building on contributions from a broad range of experts and researchers from different parts of the world. It aims to present current knowledge on the impact of nonmedical cannabis use on health from its impact on brain development to its role in respiratory diseases. The potential medical utility of cannabis - including the pharmacology toxicology and possible therapeutic applications of the cannabis plant - is outside the scope of this report.

Marijuana As Medicine?

Institute of Medicine,Janet Joy,Alison Mack
Marijuana As Medicine Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Janet Joy,Alison Mack
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2000-12-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309065313

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Marijuana As Medicine? by Institute of Medicine,Janet Joy,Alison Mack Pdf

Some people suffer from chronic, debilitating disorders for which no conventional treatment brings relief. Can marijuana ease their symptoms? Would it be breaking the law to turn to marijuana as a medication? There are few sources of objective, scientifically sound advice for people in this situation. Most books about marijuana and medicine attempt to promote the views of advocates or opponents. To fill the gap between these extremes, authors Alison Mack and Janet Joy have extracted critical findings from a recent Institute of Medicine study on this important issue, interpreting them for a general audience. Marijuana As Medicine? provides patientsâ€"as well as the people who care for themâ€"with a foundation for making decisions about their own health care. This empowering volume examines several key points, including: Whether marijuana can relieve a variety of symptoms, including pain, muscle spasticity, nausea, and appetite loss. The dangers of smoking marijuana, as well as the effects of its active chemical components on the immune system and on psychological health. The potential use of marijuana-based medications on symptoms of AIDS, cancer, multiple sclerosis, and several other specific disorders, in comparison with existing treatments. Marijuana As Medicine? introduces readers to the active compounds in marijuana. These include the principal ingredient in Marinol, a legal medication. The authors also discuss the prospects for developing other drugs derived from marijuana's active ingredients. In addition to providing an up-to-date review of the science behind the medical marijuana debate, Mack and Joy also answer common questions about the legal status of marijuana, explaining the conflict between state and federal law regarding its medical use. Intended primarily as an aid to patients and caregivers, this book objectively presents critical information so that it can be used to make responsible health care decisions. Marijuana As Medicine? will also be a valuable resource for policymakers, health care providers, patient counselors, medical faculty and studentsâ€"in short, anyone who wants to learn more about this important issue.

Regulating Cannabis

Tom Decorte
Regulating Cannabis Book PDF

Author : Tom Decorte
Publisher : Archway Publishing
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781480861442

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Regulating Cannabis by Tom Decorte Pdf

With the legalization of recreational cannabis markets in Uruguay, Canada, and several U.S. states, a breakthrough in conventional cannabis policy is emerging. But legalization is not a binary choice between prohibition and some regulated commercial model (like alcohol). A commercial market is just one of many ways to implement legalizationand moving directly from prohibition to commercial legalization leaps from one extreme to the other. Tom Decorte, a criminologist and anthropologist at Ghent University (Belgium), who has published numerous articles on substance use, cannabis markets, and local drug monitoring systems, argues that most of us are bypassing other, safer forms of legalization, including the nonprofit model. He explores topics such as: Why we need to consider regulation of cannabis markets. How local authorities and grassroots movements are advocating change. How to best design and implement approaches to legalization. Join the author as he examines international regulatory controls over cannabis possession, use, and cultivationas well as a framework for regulating the cannabis market via a nonprofit corporate model that promotes public health and safety over profits

The High Road

Pete Young
The High Road Book PDF

Author : Pete Young
Publisher : Figure 1 Publishing
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-16
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9781773270692

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The High Road by Pete Young Pdf

A native of Long Island, New York, Pete Young first grew cannabis on the roof of a friend’s apartment building when he was fifteen years of age. A fascination with marijuana cultivation quickly followed, with Young mastering the specifics of HID lighting, hydroponics, water polymers, genetics, organic fertilization, soil mix, outdoor growing and seed generation. After permanently relocating to southwestern Ontario in the late-1980s, Young took part in one of the first constitutional challenges to Canada’s drug laws following a police raid on the Great Canadian Hemporium, a head shop in London, Ontario. Around this time, Young befriended a young man whose severe cystic fibrosis was aided by one thing only – marijuana consumption. Young started growing marijuana for medical users, and over the next twenty years became one of the biggest producers and distributors of illicit medical marijuana in Canada. A once-frequent contributor to High Times magazine, and a regular medal winner at the international Cannabis Cup, Young has had to overcome every obstacle facing the guerilla grower, including crop theft, forest fire, police arrest, bankruptcy, home invasion, physical assault and, perhaps most intimidating of all, hungry male deer. In 2015, Young stepped onto the right side of the law when he was named master grower at Indiva, a licensed, government-sanctioned producer of medical marijuana. Riveting, funny and unsparingly truthful, Master Grower recalls one man’s transformation from renegade gardener to boardroom participant, a high-octane voyage that also captures the way in which a culture’s attitude toward its illegal substances can, and will, evolve.

The High North

Andrew D. Hathaway,Clayton James Smith McCann
The High North Book PDF

Author : Andrew D. Hathaway,Clayton James Smith McCann
Publisher : UBC Press
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780774866736

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The High North by Andrew D. Hathaway,Clayton James Smith McCann Pdf

The High North is a groundbreaking collection of essays that shakes up widely accepted narratives about marijuana legalization in Canada. Featuring contributions from cannabis scholars and “practitioners,” activists and advocates, these pieces examine public policy on cannabis, assess consumer perceptions, and revisit the history of the legalization movement. From the first appearance of cannabis in Canada and the advent of current-day dispensaries, to the mental health implications of legal weed and the plight of workers in the cannabis economy, The High North offers a comprehensive critique of the many aspects of legalization.