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The Cost of Equity Capital and Its Estimation by Martin Lally,Tim Brailsford Pdf
Deals with the issue of how to estimate the cost of capital, a central issue in modern finance theory and practice. This volume is a well-researched reference publication with a balanced approach, and its objective is to provide material in a single resource that reflects the issues, alternatives and framework.
Cost of Capital by Shannon P. Pratt,Roger J. Grabowski Pdf
A one-stop shop for background and current thinking on the development and uses of rates of return on capital Completely revised for this highly anticipated fifth edition, Cost of Capital contains expanded materials on estimating the basic building blocks of the cost of equity capital, the risk-free rate, and equity risk premium. There is also discussion of the volatility created by the financial crisis in 2008, the subsequent recession and uncertain recovery, and how those events have fundamentally changed how we need to interpret the inputs to the models we use to develop these estimates. The book includes new case studies providing comprehensive discussion of cost of capital estimates for valuing a business and damages calculations for small and medium-sized businesses, cross-referenced to the chapters covering the theory and data. Addresses equity risk premium and the risk-free rate, including the impact of Federal Reserve actions Explores how to use Morningstar's Ibbotson and Duff Phelps Risk Premium Report data Discusses the global cost of capital estimation, including a new size study of European countries Cost of Capital, Fifth Edition puts an emphasis on practical application. To that end, this updated edition provides readers with exclusive access to a companion website filled with supplementary materials, allowing you to continue to learn in a hands-on fashion long after closing the book.
Knowledge about the magnitude of the cost of capital invested in an asset and its determinants is essential for the analysis of corporate investment decisions and for assessing profitability. This book provides a clear conceptual understanding of the cost of capital, the characteristics of an asset that influence it, and a critical, comprehensive, and up-to-date evaluation of practical means for estimating its magnitude. It is intended primarily for use by professional managers, but will also be valuable to future managers in advanced capital budgeting courses. The focus of the discussion is on estimation methods that are theoretically sound and consistent with a corporate goal of value creation. Three methods are analyzed in depth: the discounted cash flow model, the capital asset pricing model, and arbitrage pricing theory. For each method, the basic theory is set out in a nontechnical manner and empirical evidence in support of the model is critically reviewed. The bulk of the discussion then focuses on practical means for implementing the methods for decision-making purposes. Later chapters focus on the effects of the debt-supporting characteristics of assets, on the valuation of options embedded in securities, and on the estimation of the cost of capital for evaluating international investments. The final chapter discusses certain aspects of the use of cost of capital in public utility regulation. Care is taken to separate out key issues from more peripheral material through a comprehensive set of supplementary notes.
Cost of Capital by Shannon P. Pratt,Roger J. Grabowski Pdf
In this long-awaited Third Edition of Cost of Capital: Applications and Examples, renowned valuation experts and authors Shannon Pratt and Roger Grabowski address the most controversial issues and problems in estimating the cost of capital. This authoritative book makes a timely and significant contribution to the business valuation body of knowledge and is an essential part of the expert's library.
Cost of capital estimation has long been recognized as the most critical element in business valuation, capital budgeting, feasibility studies, and corporate finance decisions. Renowned author and valuation expert Shannon Pratt addresses the most controversial issues and thorny problems in estimating the cost of capital and offers sensible solutions.
Estimating the Cost of Capital Implied by Market Prices and Accounting Data by Peter Easton Pdf
Estimating the Cost of Capital Implied by Market Prices and Accounting Data focuses on estimating the expected rate of return implied by market prices, summary accounting numbers, and forecasts of earnings and dividends. Estimates of the expected rate of return, often used as proxies for the cost of capital, are obtained by inverting accounting-based valuation models. The author describes accounting-based valuation models and discusses how these models have been used, and how they may be used, to obtain estimates of the cost of capital. The practical appeal of accounting-based valuation models is that they focus on the two variables that are commonly at the heart of valuations carried out by equity analysts -- forecasts of earnings and forecasts of earnings growth. The question at the core of this monograph is -- How can these forecasts be used to obtain an estimate of the cost of capital? The author examines the empirical validity of the estimates based on these forecasts and explores ways to improve these estimates. In addition, this monograph details a method for isolating the effect of any factor of interest (such as cross-listing, fraud, disclosure quality, taxes, analyst following, accounting standards, etc.) on the cost of capital. If you are interested in understanding the academic literature on accounting-based estimates of expected rate of return this monograph is for you. Estimating the Cost of Capital Implied by Market Prices and Accounting Data provides a foundation for a deeper comprehension of this literature and will give a jump start to those who have an interest in these topics. The key ideas are introduced via examples based on actual forecasts, accounting information, and market prices for listed firms, and the numerical examples are based on sound algebraic relations.
Cost of Capital by Shannon P. Pratt,Roger J. Grabowski Pdf
Praise for Fourth Edition of Cost of Capital Workbook and Technical Supplement "Pratt and Grabowski went the extra mile to supplement their magnum opus by providing this Workbook and Technical Supplement. As a finance professor for many years, I know from experience that students and teachers really value supplements to textbooks. It allows the teacher to help the student to review and apply what was presented in the text, and the PowerPoints are a great service to teachers in course preparation. The website provides various worksheets that show the inner workings of the models. I enthusiastically recommend the Workbook and Technical Supplement to finance professors and teachers and their students. —Daniel L. McConaughy, PhD, ASA, Professor of Finance, California State University, Northridge, Valuation Services, Crowe Horwath LLP "The Workbook and Technical Supplement provides a detailed tutorial on understanding and executing the theoretical concepts explained in the Fourth Edition. This supplement is three books in one. Part One is a step-by-step tutorial on estimating certain key components of the cost of equity capital. Part Two provides a bridge between the theory and some practical applications, such as estimating the cost of capital for real property. Parts Three and Four allow the readers to test their comprehension of the concepts and identify areas for a review. It is almost as good as having Professors Pratt and Grabowski looking over your shoulder to ensure that one is both comprehending and correctly implementing the complex concepts.." —Ashok Abbott, PhD, Associate Professor of Finance, College of Business & Economics, West Virginia University "This text provides the most comprehensive coverage of cost of capital issues that I have seen to date. Messrs. Pratt and Grabowski have created a very accessible and lucid treatment of what most would consider an opaque subject. The Fourth Edition is especially important for its new topics as well as expanded coverage of concepts from earlier editions. Of particular interest is the review of the extreme market conditions during the 2008–2009 crisis and the effect that the unprecedented volatility had on traditional cost of capital models. For years, Pratt and Grabowski's research has informed the business valuation curriculum of the American Society of Appraisers. This book will be added to our reading list, and thousands of students worldwide will benefit from the state?of?the?art content of the Fourth Edition and the companion Workbook and Technical Supplement. Furthermore, Cost of Capital, Fourth Edition should be a mandatory part of every valuation practitioner's library. If you buy this book, you can expect it to become well worn and remain on your desk within arm's length until the publication of the Fifth Edition." —John Barton, ASA, CPA, Chairman, Business Valuation Committee, ASA "Cost of capital is so much more complex than it used to be. With so many additional considerations regarding each variable of the cost of capital formula, this book is a must for anyone that needs to understand or develop a discount rate. Even the most experienced practitioner will benefit from the outstanding work of Pratt and Grabowski. This book has to become part of your library." —Gary R. Trugman, CPA/ABV, MCBA, ASA, MVS, President, Trugman Valuation Associates, Inc.
Estimating beta and Cost of Equity Capital for Non-traded Transportation Companies by Sascha Heller Pdf
Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: Estimating the cost of equity capital has two major implications. First, it reflects the return to a company s stock which an equity investor expects to receive from his investment. He makes his decision upon whether he could earn a higher rate of return in an alternative investment of equivalent risk. Second, a company must earn the cost of capital (both debt and equity) through its undertaken projects. It is hence relevant for decisions on undertaking positive net present value projects which are of similar risk as the company s average business activities. It also substantially influences the pricing of an entire firm as far as the valuation is based on a discounted cash flow model. A lot of effort has been done in the past to achieve accurate models which precisely determine this cost. Building on the modern portfolio theory of Harry Markowitz, a widely used and commonly known model in this context is the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Introduced by several researchers in the 1960s, it is still one of the most applied methods for practitioners. However, it suffers from several shortcomings, including statistical caveats, economic assumptions, the absence of market frictions and the behaviour of market participants. An upgrade to this model was provided by Stephen Ross which has resulted in the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT). It combines several risk factors in addition to one market proxy, as it is the case in the CAPM, and is less restrictive in its assumptions. But both CAPM and APT require observable market data, i.e. stock prices, of the analysed companies. These models thus only work for publicly listed firms. If research should be done on non-traded companies, however, an alternative methodology must be applied. In general, data from the balance sheet, the income statement and the cash flow statement are available for both listed and non-listed companies. While accounting data have widely been used in the past as well and have been assumed to provide valuable information in explaining stock returns, this line of research has dissipated over time. Only a few key figures, such as size and financial leverage, are still considered to be relevant. However, they can be used to indirectly estimate a firm s beta by assessing their explanatory power in a CAPM or APT framework. This methodology is particularly beneficial for firms which are not listed because there cannot be observed any stock price movements. [...]
2017 Valuation Handbook - U.S. Guide to Cost of Capital by Roger J. Grabowski,Carla Nunes,James P. Harrington,Duff & Phelps Pdf
Ensure that you're using the most up-to-date data available: Buy the 2017 Valuation Handbook – U.S. Guide to Cost of Capital + Quarterly PDF Updates together! The New Industry Standard in Business Valuation Reference Materials 2017 Valuation Handbook – U.S. Guide to Cost of Capital provides the key annual valuation data previously published in (i) the now discontinued Morningstar/Ibbotson SBBI Valuation Yearbook (discontinued in 2013), and (ii) the Duff & Phelps Risk Premium Report Study (no longer published as a stand-alone publication). The size premia data previously published in the SBBI Valuation Yearbook is referred to as the "CRSP Deciles Size Premia" exhibits in the new 2017 Valuation Handbook – U.S. Guide to Cost of Capital, while the size and risk premia data published in the Duff & Phelps Risk Premium Report Study has been published annually since 1996 and, like the former SBBI Valuation Yearbook, provides data and methodology that can be used to develop cost of equity capital estimates using (i) the build-up method and (ii) the capital asset pricing model (CAPM). The 2017 Valuation Handbook – U.S. Guide to Cost of Capital includes data through December 31, 2016, and is intended to be used for 2017 valuation dates. For more information about Duff & Phelps valuation data resources published by Wiley, please visit www.wiley.com/go/valuationhandbooks. Also Available 2017 Valuation Handbook – U.S. Industry Cost of Capital 2017 Valuation Handbook – International Guide to Cost of Capital 2017 Valuation Handbook – International Industry Cost of Capital Key Features Key cost of capital inputs: The 2017 Valuation Handbook – U.S. Guide to Cost of Capital provides the key inputs needed for developing the cost of equity capital (i.e., "discount rate") for use in estimating the value of a subject business, business ownership interest, security, or intangible asset. Inputs provided include: equity risk premia, size premia, risk premia over the risk free rate, full-information industry betas, industry risk premia, and the risk-free rate. Discussion of topics that come up most when performing valuation analysis: The 2017 Valuation Handbook – U.S. Guide to Cost of Capital includes straightforward discussions about: (i) valuation theory, (ii) the differences between the various cost of capital estimation models (build-up, CAPM, Fama-French), (iii) understanding the basic building blocks of cost of equity capital (the risk-free rate, the equity risk premium, the size premium, beta, the industry risk premium, the company-specific risk premium), (iv) whether to "normalize" risk-free rates or not, (v) a detailed comparison of the CRSP Deciles Size Premia Study (the former SBBI Valuation Yearbook data) and the Risk Premium Report Study, and more. Easy-to-follow examples: The 2017 Valuation Handbook – U.S. Guide to Cost of Capital is packed with easy-to-understand examples for properly using the data to develop levered, unlevered, and even "high-financial-risk" cost of equity capital estimates using various build-up methods and CAPM.
"This book is required reading for anyone involved in the practical issues of cost of capital decisions. It is written in a way that engages the novice, and yet challenges the professional to rethink the real issues." Brendan Scholey, Bloomberg. The cost of capital is the fundamental financial tool for business decision-making. It drives measures of value creation and destruction, and forms the basis of financial analysis using cash flow and other frameworks. This book is here to help the business world to use the cost of capital for real. The Real Cost of Capital describes the key issues in understanding and using the cost of capital today, taking principles from the world of managerial finance and putting them into the context of major investment decisions. Should, for example, a company use its own cost of capital to appraise new investments and acquisitions? What cost of capital might a US company use when appraising an investment in, say, the Philippines? For a typical investment, which type of risk is more important – specific risk or systematic risk? How should these risks be reflected in, say, a venture capital situation? Debt is cheaper than equity – so why don’t companies raise more debt than they do? Most practitioners use the weighted average cost of capital ("WACC") in valuation and appraisal – but when should an alternative approach be used? This book will help you find the answers. The Real Cost of Capital is required reading for anyone involved in the practical issues of cost of capital decisions. It brings together the latest academic thinking with practical requirements in a real-life context, and the authors have used their combined experience of advising governments and international blue-chip companies to bring readers up to date with current issues. The Real Cost of Capital includes chapters on choosing models, calculating the cost of capital using real-life data sources, and calculating the cost of capital in an international context (a subject not usually covered in academic texts). It also has chapters and worked examples on the practical application of the cost of capital in business valuations, high-tech situations and the wide range of premia and discounts that can be applied to the cost of capital. The book has an associated website www.costofcapital.net which contains some current links. The site also gives access to tax rate information and financial data relevant to using cost of capital around the world. The objective is to make sure that the corporate planner, student, adviser or decision maker, when she/he is on the road, can simply open the book or dial in and take advantage of a wealth of decision-making support, without the pain of extended academic study.
Cost of Capital in Litigation by Shannon P. Pratt,Roger J. Grabowski Pdf
Cost of Capital in Litigation addresses cost of capital issues in litigation and discusses major decisions, highlighting how to avoid errors that have often been made by experts. The book helps the attorney and valuation expert understand the decisions within the context of the theory of cost of capital and includes a chapter on cross-examining experts on cost of capital issues. Throughout, there are citation to relevant material and cross-reference to Cost of Capital: Applications and Examples, Fourth Edition.
Roger J. Grabowski,Carla Nunes,James P. Harrington
Author : Roger J. Grabowski,Carla Nunes,James P. Harrington Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 480 pages File Size : 43,6 Mb Release : 2017-07-12 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781119366768
2017 Valuation Handbook by Roger J. Grabowski,Carla Nunes,James P. Harrington Pdf
EVERYTHING YOU NEED FOR ACCURATE INTERNATIONAL COST OF CAPITAL ESTIMATIONS—IN A SINGLE VOLUME The 2017 Valuation Handbook – International Guide to Cost of Capital is part of the U.S. and international series of valuation resources authored by Duff & Phelps and published by John Wiley & Sons. This annually updated reference provides business valuation and finance professionals with the critical data they need to assess risk and develop cost of capital estimates on a global scale. Gauging the risks of an international investment is one of the trickiest aspects of finance. This comprehensive guidebook provides you with usable international data and methodology, and the ability to: Turn to a definitive resource of world-class data and guidance to gain a distinct competitive advantage in real-world situations. Access costly and difficult-to-obtain international data, assembled into easy-to-use cost of capital inputs at an accessible price point. Quickly grasp how concepts and methodologies translate into actual practice when they are brought to life in exemplifying cases. Accurate. Reliable. Trusted. The 2017 Valuation Handbook – International Guide to Cost of Capital gives you the upper hand the moment you open it. Other volumes in the annual series include: 2017 Valuation Handbook – International Industry Cost of Capital 2017 Valuation Handbook – U.S. Guide to Cost of Capital 2017 Valuation Handbook – U.S. Industry Cost of Capital
EVA ("economic value added" - wirtschaftliche Wertschöpfung) ist eine Maßeinheit zur Ermittlung des echten Finanzergebnisses eines Unternehmens und eine Strategie zur Schaffung von Unternehmens- und Aktionärsvermögen. Das EVA-Prinzip besagt, daß ein Unternehmen kein Vermögen schafft, solange es nicht in der Lage ist, Gewinne einzufahren, die höher sind als die Kapitalkosten. EVA ist auch eine Methode, die Prioritäten innerhalb eines Unternehmens so zu gewichten, daß das Hauptaugenmerk auf der Schaffung von Vermögen liegt, und zwar zum Nutzen aller. Leicht verständlich geschrieben, mit zahlreichen Fallbeispielen bekannter Firmen und einem Minimum an Gleichungen und Finanzjargon. (11/98)
Estimating SMEs Cost of Equity Using a Value at Risk Approach by F. Beltrame,R. Cappelletto,G. Toniolo Pdf
As well as reviewing traditional models, this book proposes an alternative model for estimating the cost of risk capital. This model, known as CaRM (Capital at Risk Model), bases the cost estimate of risk capital on VaR (Value at Risk) for the very first time. This book is an ideal resource for developing valuation research in SMEs.
The Cost of Equity Capital by R. Davies,S. Unni,K. Paudyal Pdf
Estimating the cost of equity capital has traditionally been a minefield. Complete agreement still does not exist on the best way of determining this yardstick. This guide tackles such indecision head-on; it shows how to estimate the cost of equity capital from the UK perspective and demonstrates the effects of making different assumptions on the cost estimates. The various techniques reviewed, incorporating a study of 500 UK firms, include: the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) including the frameworks introduced by Fama and French; the arbitrage pricing model; and dividend-valuation models.
