The Limits Of Reason

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The Outer Limits of Reason

Noson S. Yanofsky
The Outer Limits of Reason Book PDF

Author : Noson S. Yanofsky
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2016-11-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262529846

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The Outer Limits of Reason by Noson S. Yanofsky Pdf

This exploration of the scientific limits of knowledge challenges our deep-seated beliefs about our universe, our rationality, and ourselves. “A must-read for anyone studying information science.” —Publishers Weekly, starred review Many books explain what is known about the universe. This book investigates what cannot be known. Rather than exploring the amazing facts that science, mathematics, and reason have revealed to us, this work studies what science, mathematics, and reason tell us cannot be revealed. In The Outer Limits of Reason, Noson Yanofsky considers what cannot be predicted, described, or known, and what will never be understood. He discusses the limitations of computers, physics, logic, and our own intuitions about the world—including our ideas about space, time, and motion, and the complex relationship between the knower and the known. Yanofsky describes simple tasks that would take computers trillions of centuries to complete and other problems that computers can never solve: • perfectly formed English sentences that make no sense • different levels of infinity • the bizarre world of the quantum • the relevance of relativity theory • the causes of chaos theory • math problems that cannot be solved by normal means • statements that are true but cannot be proven Moving from the concrete to the abstract, from problems of everyday language to straightforward philosophical questions to the formalities of physics and mathematics, Yanofsky demonstrates a myriad of unsolvable problems and paradoxes. Exploring the various limitations of our knowledge, he shows that many of these limitations have a similar pattern and that by investigating these patterns, we can better understand the structure and limitations of reason itself. Yanofsky even attempts to look beyond the borders of reason to see what, if anything, is out there.

Morality Within the Limits of Reason

Russell Hardin
Morality Within the Limits of Reason Book PDF

Author : Russell Hardin
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780226316208

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Morality Within the Limits of Reason by Russell Hardin Pdf

This provocative, lucidly written reconstruction of utilitarianism focuses on the practical constraints involved in ethical choice: information may be inadequate, and understanding of causes and effects may be limited. Good decision making may be especially constrained if other people are closely involved in determining an outcome. Hardin demonstrates that many of these structural issues can and should be distinguished from the thornier problems of utilitarian value theory, and he is able to show what kinds of moral conclusions we can reach within the limits of reason.

Kant: Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason

Immanuel Kant
Kant Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason Book PDF

Author : Immanuel Kant
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1998-11-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521599644

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Kant: Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason by Immanuel Kant Pdf

Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason is a key element of the system of philosophy which Kant introduced with his Critique of Pure Reason, and a work of major importance in the history of Western religious thought. It represents a great philosopher's attempt to spell out the form and content of a type of religion that would be grounded in moral reason and would meet the needs of ethical life. It includes sharply critical and boldly constructive discussions on topics not often treated by philosophers, including such traditional theological concepts as original sin and the salvation or 'justification' of a sinner, and the idea of the proper role of a church. This volume presents it and three short essays that illuminate it in new translations by Allen Wood and George di Giovanni, with an introduction by Robert Merrihew Adams that locates it in its historical and philosophical context.

Law and the Limits of Reason

Adrian Vermeule
Law and the Limits of Reason Book PDF

Author : Adrian Vermeule
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-05-24
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780199914098

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Law and the Limits of Reason by Adrian Vermeule Pdf

Law and the Limits of Reason asks "what are the consequences of recognizing the limits of reason within the legal system?" In particular, what are the consequences for the allocation of lawmaking authority among judges, legislators, and administrative agencies or executive officials? Vermeule examines the conditions under which the limits of reason support a greater or lesser allocation of authority to one institution or another.

Emotion, Imagination, and the Limits of Reason

Talia Morag
Emotion Imagination and the Limits of Reason Book PDF

Author : Talia Morag
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2016-06-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317220473

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Emotion, Imagination, and the Limits of Reason by Talia Morag Pdf

The emotions pose many philosophical questions. We don't choose them; they come over us spontaneously. Sometimes emotions seem to get it wrong: we experience wrongdoing but do not feel anger, feel fear but recognise there is no danger. Yet often we expect emotions to be reasonable, intelligible and appropriate responses to certain situations. How do we explain these apparent contradictions? Emotion, Imagination, and the Limits of Reason presents a bold new picture of the emotions that challenges prevailing philosophical orthodoxy. Talia Morag argues that too much emphasis has been placed on the "reasonableness" of emotions and far too little on two neglected areas: the imagination and the unconscious. She uses these to propose a new philosophical and psychoanalytic conception of the emotions that challenges the perceived rationality of emotions; views the emotions as fundamental to determining one's self-image; and bases therapy on the ability to "listen" to one’s emotional episode as it occurs. Emotion, Imagination, and the Limits of Reason is one of the first books to connect philosophical research on the emotions to psychoanalysis. It will be essential reading for those studying ethics, the emotions, moral psychology and philosophy of psychology as well as those interested in psychoanalysis.

Education and the Limits of Reason

Peter Roberts,Herner Saeverot
Education and the Limits of Reason Book PDF

Author : Peter Roberts,Herner Saeverot
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2017-07-06
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781135050603

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Education and the Limits of Reason by Peter Roberts,Herner Saeverot Pdf

In recent decades, a growing body of educational scholarship has called into question deeply embedded assumptions about the nature, value and consequences of reason. Education and the Limits of Reason extends this critical conversation, arguing that in seeking to investigate the meaning and significance of reason in human lives, sources other than non-fiction educational or philosophical texts can be helpful. Drawing on the work of Dostoevsky, Tolstoy and Nabokov, the authors demonstrate that literature can allow us to see how reason is understood and expressed, contested and compromised – by distinctive individuals, under particular circumstances, in complex and varied relations with others. Novels, plays and short stories can take us into the workings of a rational or irrational mind and show how the inner world of cognitive activity is shaped by external events. Perhaps most importantly, literature can prompt us to ask searching questions of ourselves; it can unsettle and disturb, and in so doing can make an important contribution to our educational formation. An original and thought provoking work, Education and the Limits of Reason offers a fresh perspective on classic texts by Dostoevsky, Tolstoy and Nabokov, and encourages readers to reconsider conventional views of teaching and learning. This book will appeal to a wide range of academics, researchers and postgraduate students in the fields of education, literature and philosophy.

Beyond the Limits of Thought

Graham Priest
Beyond the Limits of Thought Book PDF

Author : Graham Priest
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0199254052

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Beyond the Limits of Thought by Graham Priest Pdf

Graham Priest presents an expanded edition of his exploration of the nature and limits of thought. Embracing contradiction and challenging traditional logic, he engages with issues across philosophical borders, from the historical to the modern, Eastern to Western, continental to analytic.

Beyond Reason

A. K. Dewdney
Beyond Reason Book PDF

Author : A. K. Dewdney
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2004-05-10
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780471652427

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Beyond Reason by A. K. Dewdney Pdf

A mind-bending excursion to the limits of science and mathematics Are some scientific problems insoluble? In Beyond Reason, internationally acclaimed math and science author A. K. Dewdney answers this question by examining eight insurmountable mathematical and scientific roadblocks that have stumped thinkers across the centuries, from ancient mathematical conundrums such as "squaring the circle," first attempted by the Pythagoreans, to G?del's vexing theorem, from perpetual motion to the upredictable behavior of chaotic systems such as the weather. A. K. Dewdney, PhD (Ontario, Canada), was the author of Scientific American's "Computer Recreations" column for eight years. He has written several critically acclaimed popular math and science books, including A Mathematical Mystery Tour (0-471-40734-8); Yes, We Have No Neutrons (0-471-29586-8); and 200% of Nothing (0-471-14574-2).

Cicero on Politics and the Limits of Reason

Jed W. Atkins
Cicero on Politics and the Limits of Reason Book PDF

Author : Jed W. Atkins
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781107513235

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Cicero on Politics and the Limits of Reason by Jed W. Atkins Pdf

A prolific philosopher who also held Rome's highest political office, Cicero was uniquely qualified to write on political philosophy. In this book Professor Atkins provides a fresh interpretation of Cicero's central political dialogues - the Republic and Laws. Devoting careful attention to form as well as philosophy, Atkins argues that these dialogues together probe the limits of reason in political affairs and explore the resources available to the statesman given these limitations. He shows how Cicero appropriated and transformed Plato's thought to forge original and important works of political philosophy. The book demonstrates that Cicero's Republic and Laws are critical for understanding the history of the concepts of rights, the mixed constitution and natural law. It concludes by comparing Cicero's thought to the modern conservative tradition and argues that Cicero provides a perspective on utopia frequently absent from current philosophical treatments.

The Limits of Free Will

Paul Russell
The Limits of Free Will Book PDF

Author : Paul Russell
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190627621

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The Limits of Free Will by Paul Russell Pdf

The Limits of Free Will presents influential articles by Paul Russell concerning free will and moral responsibility. The problems arising in this field of philosophy, which are deeply rooted in the history of the subject, are also intimately related to a wide range of other fields, such as law and criminology, moral psychology, theology, and, more recently, neuroscience. These articles were written and published over a period of three decades, although most have appeared in the past decade. Among the topics covered: the challenge of skepticism; moral sentiment and moral capacity; necessity and the metaphysics of causation; practical reason; free will and art; fatalism and the limits of agency; moral luck, and our metaphysical attitudes of optimism and pessimism. Some essays are primarily critical in character, presenting critiques and commentary on major works or contributions in the contemporary scene. Others are mainly constructive, aiming to develop and articulate a distinctive account of compatibilism. The general theory advanced by Russell, which he describes as a form of "critical compatibilism", rejects any form of unqualified or radical skepticism; but it also insists that a plausible compatibilism has significant and substantive implications about the limits of agency and argues that this licenses a metaphysical attitude of (modest) pessimism on this topic. While each essay is self-standing, there is nevertheless a core set of themes and issues that unite and link them together. The collection is arranged and organized in a format that enables the reader to appreciate and recognize these links and core themes.

The Limits of Moral Authority

Dale Dorsey
The Limits of Moral Authority Book PDF

Author : Dale Dorsey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198728900

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The Limits of Moral Authority by Dale Dorsey Pdf

Dale Dorsey considers one of the most important questions in philosophical ethics: to what extent do the demands of morality have authority over us and our lives? He defends a position that runs counter to the traditional view, and argues that we are not required to conform to moral demands. Furthermore, doing so can be (quite literally) wrong.

What Money Can't Buy

Michael J. Sandel
What Money Can t Buy Book PDF

Author : Michael J. Sandel
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-04-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781429942584

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What Money Can't Buy by Michael J. Sandel Pdf

Should we pay children to read books or to get good grades? Should we allow corporations to pay for the right to pollute the atmosphere? Is it ethical to pay people to test risky new drugs or to donate their organs? What about hiring mercenaries to fight our wars? Auctioning admission to elite universities? Selling citizenship to immigrants willing to pay? In What Money Can't Buy, Michael J. Sandel takes on one of the biggest ethical questions of our time: Is there something wrong with a world in which everything is for sale? If so, how can we prevent market values from reaching into spheres of life where they don't belong? What are the moral limits of markets? In recent decades, market values have crowded out nonmarket norms in almost every aspect of life—medicine, education, government, law, art, sports, even family life and personal relations. Without quite realizing it, Sandel argues, we have drifted from having a market economy to being a market society. Is this where we want to be?In his New York Times bestseller Justice, Sandel showed himself to be a master at illuminating, with clarity and verve, the hard moral questions we confront in our everyday lives. Now, in What Money Can't Buy, he provokes an essential discussion that we, in our market-driven age, need to have: What is the proper role of markets in a democratic society—and how can we protect the moral and civic goods that markets don't honor and that money can't buy?

The Limits of Realism

Tim Button
The Limits of Realism Book PDF

Author : Tim Button
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-27
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780199672172

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The Limits of Realism by Tim Button Pdf

Tim Button explores the relationship between minds, words, and world. He argues that the two main strands of scepticism are deeply related and can be overcome, but that there is a limit to how much we can show. We must position ourselves somewhere between internal realism and external realism, and we cannot hope to say exactly where.

The Limits of Morality

Shelly Kagan
The Limits of Morality Book PDF

Author : Shelly Kagan
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1989-03-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191520082

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The Limits of Morality by Shelly Kagan Pdf

Most of us believe that there are limits to the sacrifices that morality can demand of us. We also think that certain types of acts are simply forbidden, even when necessary for promoting the overall good. Here Kagan argues that attempts to defend these sorts of moral limit are inadequate. In thus rejecting two of the most fundamental features of commonsense morality, the book offers a sustained attack on our ordinary moral views.

Dogmatics in Outline

Karl Barth
Dogmatics in Outline Book PDF

Author : Karl Barth
Publisher : SCM Press
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-01-25
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780334048541

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Dogmatics in Outline by Karl Barth Pdf

Barth stands before us as the greatest theologian of the twentieth century, yet the massive corpus of work which he left behind, the multi volume Church Dogmatics, can seem daunting and formidable to readers today. Fortunately his Dogmatics in Outline first published in English in 1949, contains in brilliantly concentrated form even in shorthand, the essential tenets of his thinking. Built around the assertions made in the Apostles Creed the book consists of a series of reflections on the foundation stones of Christian doctrine. Because Dogmatics in Outline derives from very particular circumstances namely the lectures Barth gave in war-shattered Germany in 1946, it has an urgency and a compassion which lend the text a powerful simplicity. Despite its brevity the book makes a tremendous impact, which in this new edition will now be felt by a fresh generation of readers.