The Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise Review

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2010-07-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309150248

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The Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events Pdf

During public health emergencies such as pandemic influenza outbreaks or terrorist attacks, effective vaccines, drugs, diagnostics, and other medical countermeasures are essential to protecting national security and the public's well-being. The Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise (PHEMCE)-a partnership among federal, state, and local governments; industry; and academia-is at the forefront of the effort to develop and manufacture these countermeasures. However, despite the PHEMCE's many successes, there are still serious challenges to overcome. Government-funded medical research is not always focused on countermeasures for the most serious potential threats, and it is difficult to engage pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to develop and manufacture medical countermeasures that have a limited commercial market. At the request of the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, the IOM held a workshop February 22-24, 2010, to address challenges facing the PHEMCE. Workshop participants discussed federal policies and procedures affecting the research, development, and approval of medical countermeasures and explored opportunities to improve the process and protect Americans' safety and health.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Reviewing the Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2022-08-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309271487

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Ensuring an Effective Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Reviewing the Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise Pdf

The U.S. medical countermeasures (MCMs) enterprise is interconnected, complex, and dynamic. It includes public and private entities that develop and manufacture new and existing MCMs, ensure procurement, storage, and distribution of MCMs, and administer, monitor, and evaluate MCMs. The interagency group known as the Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise (PHEMCE) is the nation's sole coordinating body, responsible for ensuring end-to-end MCM preparedness and response. Ensuring an Effective Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise provides recommendations from an expert committee for a re-envisioned PHEMCE. Four priority areas of improvement emerged from committee deliberations: (1) articulating PHEMCE's mission and role and explicating the principles guiding PHEMCE's operating principles and processes, (2) revising PHEMCE operations and processes, (3) collaborating more effectively with external public and private partners, and (4) navigating legal and policy issues.

Author : HHS Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Disaster medicine
ISBN : UOM:39015075641509

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HHS Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise Strategy and Implementation Plan for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Threats by HHS Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise (U.S.) Pdf

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events,Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2011-08-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309214902

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Advancing Regulatory Science for Medical Countermeasure Development by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events,Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation Pdf

Whether or not the United States has safe and effective medical countermeasures-such as vaccines, drugs, and diagnostic tools-available for use during a disaster can mean the difference between life and death for many Americans. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the scientific community at large could benefit from improved scientific tools and analytic techniques to undertake the complex scientific evaluation and decision making needed to make essential medical countermeasures available. At the request of FDA, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) held a workshop to examine methods to improve the development, evaluation, approval, and regulation of medical countermeasures. During public health emergencies such as influenza or chemical, biological, radiological/nuclear (CBRN) attacks, safe and effective vaccines, treatments, and other medical countermeasures are essential to protecting national security and the well being of the public. Advancing Regulatory Science for Medical Countermeasure Development examines current medical countermeasures, and investigates the future of research and development in this area. Convened on March 29-30, 2011, this workshop identified regulatory science tools and methods that are available or under development, as well as major gaps in currently available regulatory science tools. Advancing Regulatory Science for Medical Countermeasure Development is a valuable resource for federal agencies including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the Department of Defense (DoD), as well as health professionals, and public and private health organizations.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 143 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2016-10-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309443708

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The Nation's Medical Countermeasure Stockpile by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy Pdf

Large catastrophic events, or rare acute events, may cause situations in which a local jurisdiction's medicines and medical supplies are not sufficient to provide care to the population it serves. In these cases of natural or engineered disasters, such as a terrorist attack, influenza pandemic, or earthquake, state or local authorities can request that the federal government provide assets from the Strategic National Stockpile to augment the state and local jurisdictions' resources. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) is the nation's repository of antibiotics, chemical antidotes, antitoxins, vaccines, antiviral drugs, and other medical materiel designed to supplement and resupply state and local public health agencies in the event of an emergency. The materiel is intended to support national health security and is managed by the Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response's (OPHPR's) Division of Strategic National Stockpile (DSNS). The stated mission of the SNS is to prepare and support partners and provide the right resources at the right time to secure the nation's health. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine organized a two-day public workshop to explore opportunities to improve the efficiency, effectiveness, and sustainable methods used by the CDC's SNS to distribute medical countermeasures and other supplies during disasters and other public health emergencies, especially those which result in disruption of physical infrastructure such as the electrical grid, central roadways, bridges, and tunnels within the impacted community. Participants explored relevant distribution lessons learned from other federal agency stockpiles and the private sector as well as opportunities to develop public-private collaborations in the purchase, warehousing, management, and distribution of medical countermeasures. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309466424

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Building a National Capability to Monitor and Assess Medical Countermeasure Use During a Public Health Emergency by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy Pdf

During public health emergencies (PHEs) involving chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear threats or emerging infectious diseases, medical countermeasures (MCMs) (e.g., drugs, vaccines, devices) may need to be dispensed or administered to affected populations to help mitigate the human health impact of the threat. The optimal MCMs determined for use during an emergency might be U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved but used in unapproved ways (e.g., in a new age group or against a new agent); FDA approved using animal models because human efficacy testing is not ethical or feasible; or not yet FDA approved for any indication. As part of the United States' scientific and research preparedness enterprise, there is an imperative to go "beyond the last mile" of MCM dispensing and administration to build and maintain a national capability to monitor and assess the use of MCMs (e.g., safety, compliance, clinical benefit) after they have been dispensed during PHEs. To further the discussion on this need, the Board on Health Sciences Policy of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a 2-day public workshop, Building a National Capability to Monitor and Assess Medical Countermeasure Use in Response to Public Health Emergencies. The workshop, sponsored by FDA, was held on June 6â€"7, 2017, in Washington, DC. Workshop participants discussed the roles and efforts of the federal government and of relevant stakeholders with an interest in building and maintaining a national PHE MCM active monitoring and assessment capability. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Author : Niel A. Harris
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Emergency medical services
ISBN : 1628088613

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Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise Strategy and Implementation Plan by Niel A. Harris Pdf

The United States continues to face a range of serious threats to its national health security from the deliberate use or accidental release of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) agents, as well as from naturally occurring and emerging infectious diseases, including pandemic influenza. This book looks at how the United States has planned and implemented for these threats.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Evidence-Based Practices for Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 501 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309670388

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Evidence-Based Practice for Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Evidence-Based Practices for Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Pdf

When communities face complex public health emergencies, state local, tribal, and territorial public health agencies must make difficult decisions regarding how to effectively respond. The public health emergency preparedness and response (PHEPR) system, with its multifaceted mission to prevent, protect against, quickly respond to, and recover from public health emergencies, is inherently complex and encompasses policies, organizations, and programs. Since the events of September 11, 2001, the United States has invested billions of dollars and immeasurable amounts of human capital to develop and enhance public health emergency preparedness and infrastructure to respond to a wide range of public health threats, including infectious diseases, natural disasters, and chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear events. Despite the investments in research and the growing body of empirical literature on a range of preparedness and response capabilities and functions, there has been no national-level, comprehensive review and grading of evidence for public health emergency preparedness and response practices comparable to those utilized in medicine and other public health fields. Evidence-Based Practice for Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response reviews the state of the evidence on PHEPR practices and the improvements necessary to move the field forward and to strengthen the PHEPR system. This publication evaluates PHEPR evidence to understand the balance of benefits and harms of PHEPR practices, with a focus on four main areas of PHEPR: engagement with and training of community-based partners to improve the outcomes of at-risk populations after public health emergencies; activation of a public health emergency operations center; communication of public health alerts and guidance to technical audiences during a public health emergency; and implementation of quarantine to reduce the spread of contagious illness.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2008-11-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309120968

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Dispensing Medical Countermeasures for Public Health Emergencies by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events Pdf

On March 3-4, 2008, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events hosted a workshop titled "Medical Countermeasures Dispensing." The overall objective was to discuss a range of solutions to rapidly provide medical countermeasures to protect large numbers of people prior to or during a public health emergency, such as a bioterrorist attack or infectious disease outbreak. The United States is currently unprepared to confront the range of threats it is facing, such as an intentional anthrax release, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), or pandemic influenza, and it must plan aggressively to counteract the threat of these and other future public health emergencies. Countermeasure dispensing must harness all types of imaginative partnerships between public and private institutions, working together in ways tailored to meet individual community needs. This workshop summary highlights the presentations and subsequent discussion that occurred at the workshop.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Prepositioned Medical Countermeasures for the Public
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-02-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309218085

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Prepositioning Antibiotics for Anthrax by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Prepositioned Medical Countermeasures for the Public Pdf

If terrorists released Bacillus anthracis over a large city, hundreds of thousands of people could be at risk of the deadly disease anthrax-caused by the B. anthracis spores-unless they had rapid access to antibiotic medical countermeasures (MCM). Although plans for rapidly delivering MCM to a large number of people following an anthrax attack have been greatly enhanced during the last decade, many public health authorities and policy experts fear that the nation's current systems and plans are insufficient to respond to the most challenging scenarios, such as a very large-scale anthrax attack. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response commissioned the Institute of Medicine to examine the potential uses, benefits, and disadvantages of strategies for repositioning antibiotics. This involves storing antibiotics close to or in the possession of the people who would need rapid access to them should an attack occur. Prepositioning Antibiotics for Anthrax reviews the scientific evidence on the time window in which antibiotics successfully prevent anthrax and the implications for decision making about prepositioning, describes potential prepositioning strategies, and develops a framework to assist state, local, and tribal public health authorities in determining whether prepositioning strategies would be beneficial for their communities. However, based on an analysis of the likely health benefits, health risks, and relative costs of the different prepositioning strategies, the book also develops findings and recommendations to provide jurisdictions with some practical insights as to the circumstances in which different prepositioning strategies may be beneficial. Finally, the book identifies federal- and national-level actions that would facilitate the evaluation and development of prepositioning strategies. Recognizing that communities across the nation have differing needs and capabilities, the findings presented in this report are intended to assist public health officials in considering the benefits, costs, and trade-offs involved in developing alternative prepositioning strategies appropriate to their particular communities.

Author : Niel A. Harris
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 147 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : HEALTH & FITNESS
ISBN : 1628088621

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Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise Strategy and Implementation Plan by Niel A. Harris Pdf

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Committee on Global Health and the Future of the United States
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309457668

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Global Health and the Future Role of the United States by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Committee on Global Health and the Future of the United States Pdf

While much progress has been made on achieving the Millenium Development Goals over the last decade, the number and complexity of global health challenges has persisted. Growing forces for globalization have increased the interconnectedness of the world and our interdependency on other countries, economies, and cultures. Monumental growth in international travel and trade have brought improved access to goods and services for many, but also carry ongoing and ever-present threats of zoonotic spillover and infectious disease outbreaks that threaten all. Global Health and the Future Role of the United States identifies global health priorities in light of current and emerging world threats. This report assesses the current global health landscape and how challenges, actions, and players have evolved over the last decade across a wide range of issues, and provides recommendations on how to increase responsiveness, coordination, and efficiency â€" both within the U.S. government and across the global health field.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 95 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2010-12-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309186506

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Medical Countermeasures Dispensing by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events Pdf

During public health emergencies such as terrorist attacks or influenza outbreaks, the public health system's ability to save lives could depend on dispensing medical countermeasures such as antibiotics, antiviral medications, and vaccines to a large number of people in a short amount of time. The IOM's Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events held a workshop on November 18, 2009, to provide an overview of current threats, recent progress made in the public health system for distributing and dispensing countermeasures, and remaining vulnerabilities.

Author : Joseph R. Biden, Jr.
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781510767614

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National Strategy for the COVID-19 Response and Pandemic Preparedness by Joseph R. Biden, Jr. Pdf

The ultimate guide for anyone wondering how President Joe Biden will respond to the COVID-19 pandemic—all his plans, goals, and executive orders in response to the coronavirus crisis. Shortly after being inaugurated as the 46th President of the United States, Joe Biden and his administration released this 200 page guide detailing his plans to respond to the coronavirus pandemic. The National Strategy for the COVID-19 Response and Pandemic Preparedness breaks down seven crucial goals of President Joe Biden's administration with regards to the coronavirus pandemic: 1. Restore trust with the American people. 2. Mount a safe, effective, and comprehensive vaccination campaign. 3. Mitigate spread through expanding masking, testing, data, treatments, health care workforce, and clear public health standards. 4. Immediately expand emergency relief and exercise the Defense Production Act. 5. Safely reopen schools, businesses, and travel while protecting workers. 6. Protect those most at risk and advance equity, including across racial, ethnic and rural/urban lines. 7. Restore U.S. leadership globally and build better preparedness for future threats. Each of these goals are explained and detailed in the book, with evidence about the current circumstances and how we got here, as well as plans and concrete steps to achieve each goal. Also included is the full text of the many Executive Orders that will be issued by President Biden to achieve each of these goals. The National Strategy for the COVID-19 Response and Pandemic Preparedness is required reading for anyone interested in or concerned about the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on American society.

Author : Lawrence O. Gostin
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 596 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2010-06-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780520946057

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Public Health Law and Ethics by Lawrence O. Gostin Pdf

Now revised and expanded to cover today’s most pressing health threats, Public Health Law and Ethics probes the legal and ethical issues at the heart of public health through an incisive selection of government reports, scholarly articles, and relevant court cases. Companion to the internationally acclaimed text Public Health Law: Power, Duty, Restraint, this reader can also be used as a stand-alone resource for students, practitioners, scholars,and teachers. It encompasses global issues that have changed the shape of public health in recent years including anthrax, SARS, pandemic flu, biosecurity, emergency preparedness, and the transition from infectious to chronic diseases caused by lifestyle changes in eating and physical activity. In addition to covering these new arenas, it includes discussion of classic legal and ethical tensions inherent to public health practice, such as how best to balance the police power of the state with individual autonomy.