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Author : Jonas Erik Lawesson
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Plant ecology
ISBN : 9289304340
Author : Geoff Groom
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 65 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2005-08-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789289312103
Author : Geoff Groom,Tim Reed
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Biodiversity
ISBN : 9289306084
Author : Gösta Kjellson,Morten Strandberg
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2011-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034883177
There is an urgent need for guidelines for monitoring of genetically modified higher plants, GMHP. Biotech crops are now cultivated in large scale in North America and elsewhere. In Europe, new genetically modified (GM) products will probably be placed on the market soon and made available of any negative ef for cultivation in the field. Monitoring and surveillance programs for detection fects to the environment must be designed and ready when these crops are released. This also corre sponds to the current intentions made by the European Commission to include monitoring in current biotechnology regulation. Monitoring of changes in biological systems is different from other types of environmental monitoring, such as monitoring fate of chemical pollutants, by focusing primarily on organism survival and organism interactions instead of physical and chemical parameters. The difficulties involved in monitoring biological systems are great, due to the complex interactions between organisms and the variability in responses. Problems concerning spatial and temporal pa rameter variation increase the difficulties, but may be remedied somewhat by the use of "baselines". These and many other questions are discussed in the present book with the aim of presenting practi cal solutions to the needs of GMHP monitoring. A project was initiated in 1998 to produce a book with guidelines for monitoring and surveillance of GMHP. In two earlier books, compilations of current test methods for risk assessment of GMHP were presented (Kjellsson & Simonsen 1994, Kjellsson et al. 1997).
Author : Piermaria Corona,Michael Köhl,Marco Marchetti
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401706490
Forests represent a remnant wilderness of high recreational value in the densely populated industrial societies, a threatened natural resource in some regions of the world and a renewable reservoir of essential raw materials for the wood processing industry. In June 1992 the United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro initiated a world-wide process of negotiation with the aim of ensuring sustainable management, conservation and development of forest resources. Although there seems to be unanimous support for sustainable development from all quarters, there is no generally accepted set of indicators which allows comparisons to be made between a given situation and a desirable one. In a recent summary paper prepared by the FAO Forestry and Planning Division, Ljungman et al. (1999) find that forest resources continue to diminish, while being called upon to produce a greater range of goods and services and that calls for sustainable forest management will simply go unheeded if the legal, policy and administrative environment do not effectively control undesirable practices. Does the concept of sustainable forest management represent not much more than a magic formula for achieving consensus, a vague idea which makes it difficult to match action to rhetoric? The concept of sustainable forest management is likely to remain an imprecise one, but we can contribute to avoiding management practices that are clearly unsustainable.
Author : Annika Kangas,Matti Maltamo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2006-02-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402043819
This book has been developed as a forest inventory textbook for students and could also serve as a handbook for practical foresters. We have set out to keep the mathematics in the book at a fairly non-technical level, and therefore, although we deal with many issues that include highly sophisticated methodology, we try to present first and foremost the ideas behind them. For foresters who need more details, references are given to more advanced scientific papers and books in the fields of statistics and biometrics. Forest inventory books deal mostly with sampling and measurement issues, as found here in section I, but since forest inventories in many countries involve much more than this, we have also included material on forestry applications. Most applications nowadays involve remote sensing technology of some sort, so that section II deals mostly with the use of remote sensing material for this purpose. Section III deals with national inventories carried out in different parts of world, and section IV is an attempt to outline some future possibilities of forest inventory methodologies. The editors, Annika Kangas Professor of Forest Mensuration and Management, Department of Forest Resource Management, University of Helsinki. Matti Maltamo Professor of Forest Mensuration, Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Author : Hansjoerg Kraehmer
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118720714
Weeds are variously defined as plants growing where they are not wanted, plants that interfere with human activity. Weeds affect everyone in the world by reducing crop yield and quality, delaying or interfering with harvesting, interfering with animal feeding, reducing animal health, preventing water flow, as plant parasites, etc. It is estimated that those problems cause $ billions worth of crop losses annually and the global cost of controlling weeds also runs into many $ billions every year. Atlas of Weed Mapping presents an introductory overview on the occurrence of the most common weeds of the world. The book notably includes: Description of cropping practices and explanations for the global distribution of weeds Invasive plant mapping Aquatics and wetland plants with histological plant details Theoretical and practical aspects of weed mapping Aspects on the documentation of herbicide resistance Biodiversity, rare weeds and the dominance of the most common weeds Fully illustrated with more than 800 coloured figures and a number of tables, this new characterisation of anthropogenic vegetation will be interesting for readers of a great number of disciplines such as agriculture, botany, ecology, geobotany and plant community research. More than a hundred experts have contributed data to this unique compilation.
Author : Olivier Honnay
Publisher : CABI
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780851998022
This book focuses on the diverse impact of forest history in general, and of forest continuity, fragmentation and past management in particular, on the diversity and distribution of species. The implications for the conservation of biodiversity in forests are also addressed. Chapters have been developed from papers presented at a conference held in Leuven in January 2003. The emphasis is on temperate forests in Europe and North America, but the information may also be applicable to other regions or biomes. The book will be of significant interest to researchers working within the areas of forestry, ecology, conservation and environmental history.
Author : G. Lövblad
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Ozone
ISBN : 9291208418
Author : Bo Normander,Nordic Council of Ministers
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789289318259
The Nordic countries have agreed on a common target to halt the decline in biodiversity by 2010. This report aims at evaluating the 2010-target by presenting indicators that can describe trends in biodiversity in the Nordic countries. Our results comprise the most comprehensive documentation of land use in the Nordic countries to date. The area of important nature types such as mire, grassland and heathland have decreased significantly over the past one to two decades, whereas the area of constructed habitats, including city areas and transport networks, has grown considerably in all of the Nordic countries. Each of these trends in land use will cause biodiversity to decline. Looking into the quality aspect of biodiversity, our results reveal that two-thirds of the quality indicators presented show declines and the remaining one-third show improvements (or steady-state). Overall, our results indicate that biodiversity has declined in the Nordic countries since 1990. In particular, farmland, mire, grassland and heathland habitats show declines in biodiversity, but also the remaining habitats show negative trends. Therefore, based on the findings from this study, we conclude that it is highly unlikely that the target of halting biodiversity loss by 2010 can be achieved by the Nordic countries. Our results should be perceived as a first attempt to make an overall assessment of biodiversity in the Nordic countries. We believe that if further efforts were directed towards scrutinising existing and historic monitoring programmes and data sources, additional indicators could be calculated and hence a better knowledge base would be achieved.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Ecological assessment (Biology)
ISBN : MINN:31951D03001085S
Author : Celedonio Aguirre Bravo
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Biotic communities
ISBN : UVA:X004080037
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 782 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Power resources
ISBN : MSU:31293011519166
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 8773032816
This is the seventh directory of research, development and demonstration projects carried out within the field of energy, and of energy-related subjects, in the Nordic countries. The directory incorporates projects in progress during 1989. 2209 projects, most of which are financed by special public funds, are described. In addition to projects concerning energy sources, energy utilization and energy conservation, the directory also includes descriptions of research on environmental, ecological and socioeconomic issues, etc., where these are related to the main subject. The directory thus provides direct access to topical information relevant to a very comprehensive field of research. In the appendices the organization of the Nordic Energy Research Programme, and of energy research in each Nordic country, is explained, and the content and uses of the Nordic data base, Nordic Energy Index, are described. Names of people to contact, addresses, telephone numbers and other useful information, can also be found in addition to details about newsletters providing information on current research in some of the Nordic countries.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Biosphere reserves
ISBN : 9289303050
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