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Author : David Goode
Publisher : American Association
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Developmentally disabled
ISBN : 1937604055
Author : Robert Klitzman
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199364602
All studies on people involving diseases, from cancer to autism, and behavior. Yet ethical violations persist. At the same time, critics have increasingly attacked these committees for delaying or blocking important studies. Partly, science is changing, and the current system has not kept up. Since the regulations were first conceived 40 years ago, research has burgeoned 30-fold. Studies often now include not a single university, but multiple institutions, and 40 separate IRBs thus need to approve a single project. One committee might approve a study quickly, while others require major changes, altering the scientific design, and making the comparison of data between sites difficult. Crucial dilemmas thus emerge of whether the current system should be changed, and if so, how. Yet we must first understand the status quo to know how to improve it. Unfortunately, these committees operate behind closed doors, and have received relatively little in-depth investigation.
Author : James Trent
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2016-11-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199396207
Pity, disgust, fear, cure, and prevention--all are words that Americans have used to make sense of what today we call intellectual disability. Inventing the Feeble Mind explores the history of this disability from its several identifications over the past 200 years: idiocy, imbecility, feeblemindedness, mental defect, mental deficiency, mental retardation, and most recently intellectual disability. Using institutional records, private correspondence, personal memories, and rare photographs, James Trent argues that the economic vulnerability of intellectually disabled people (and often their families), more than the claims made for their intellectual and social limitations, has shaped meaning, services, and policies in United States history.
Author : Dr. Robin DiAngelo
Publisher : Beacon Press
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-06-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780807047422
The New York Times best-selling book exploring the counterproductive reactions white people have when their assumptions about race are challenged, and how these reactions maintain racial inequality. In this “vital, necessary, and beautiful book” (Michael Eric Dyson), antiracist educator Robin DiAngelo deftly illuminates the phenomenon of white fragility and “allows us to understand racism as a practice not restricted to ‘bad people’ (Claudia Rankine). Referring to the defensive moves that white people make when challenged racially, white fragility is characterized by emotions such as anger, fear, and guilt, and by behaviors including argumentation and silence. These behaviors, in turn, function to reinstate white racial equilibrium and prevent any meaningful cross-racial dialogue. In this in-depth exploration, DiAngelo examines how white fragility develops, how it protects racial inequality, and what we can do to engage more constructively.
Author : James I. Charlton
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1998-03-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780520925441
James Charlton has produced a ringing indictment of disability oppression, which, he says, is rooted in degradation, dependency, and powerlessness and is experienced in some form by five hundred million persons throughout the world who have physical, sensory, cognitive, or developmental disabilities. Nothing About Us Without Us is the first book in the literature on disability to provide a theoretical overview of disability oppression that shows its similarities to, and differences from, racism, sexism, and colonialism. Charlton's analysis is illuminated by interviews he conducted over a ten-year period with disability rights activists throughout the Third World, Europe, and the United States. Charlton finds an antidote for dependency and powerlessness in the resistance to disability oppression that is emerging worldwide. His interviews contain striking stories of self-reliance and empowerment evoking the new consciousness of disability rights activists. As a latecomer among the world's liberation movements, the disability rights movement will gain visibility and momentum from Charlton's elucidation of its history and its political philosophy of self-determination, which is captured in the title of his book. Nothing About Us Without Us expresses the conviction of people with disabilities that they know what is best for them. Charlton's combination of personal involvement and theoretical awareness assures greater understanding of the disability rights movement.
Author : Beth Carol Solomon
Publisher : Xlibris Us
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2021-02-08
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 1664154876
This is a story about an adolescent girl, Francine Josephine, who was abused by her mentally ill birth mother and lived in the dregs of society for the first ten years of her life. She found warmth, kindness, and happiness with her foster mother and birth father, who immediately fell in love and married. Though shut off from beauty and loved so little in her childhood, she grew up to be an empathetic, altruistic, sensitive, forgiving, thoughtful, and compassionate young woman. Such rarities this girl possesses at such a tender age. For these attributes are not often found in ordinary everyday people for they do not appreciate what life has to offer and who take God's gifts for granted. Francine, always believing in the best of all people, always giving them the benefit of the doubt and second chances, always wanting to please everybody and wanting everyone to be happy, is what she happens to be like. Although knowing her parents were estranged from their siblings, it was Francine who brought them together, thus becoming a tight-knit, close, loving family. When she met her paternal grandparents for the first time, she was warm and kind to her grandfather, who was afflicted with dementia and of whom she had no recollection of. As for her grandmother, whom she was named after, she formed a loving and close bond. She is very curious about other people in her parents' lives that she has never met or who have never knew of her existence but nonetheless thinks of them lovingly and as part of herself and her family. But one day, Social Services informed her that her birth mother wants to see her, which she agrees to do, surmising that maybe this woman had been rehabilitated and was remorseful or at least civil, as it was Francine's nature to be understanding. Unfortunately, nothing came about as she had hoped, and for that she suffered from it. But afterward, does Francine regress back into her shell after these past few years of getting to love and trust people, or does she grow up and accept what had happened to her during that one fateful encounter and become the fine young woman that everyone who knows her portrays her to be?
Author : Ezekiel J. Emanuel,Christine C. Grady,Robert A. Crouch,Reidar K. Lie,Franklin G. Miller
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 848 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2011-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780199768639
The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics is the first comprehensive and systematic reference on clinical research ethics. Under the editorship of experts from the U.S. National Institutes of Health of the United States, the book's 73 chapters offer a wide-ranging and systematic examination of all aspects of research with human beings. Considering the historical triumphs of research as well as its tragedies, the textbook provides a framework for analyzing the ethical aspects of research studies with human beings. Through both conceptual analysis and systematic reviews of empirical data, the contributors examine issues ranging from scientific validity, fair subject selection, risk benefit ratio, independent review, and informed consent to focused consideration of international research ethics, conflicts of interests, and other aspects of responsible conduct of research. The editors of The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics offer a work that critically assesses and advances scholarship in the field of human subjects research. Comprehensive in scope and depth, this book will be a crucial resource for researchers in the medical sciences, as well as teachers and students.
Author : Ellen Marie Wiseman
Publisher : Kensington Books
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2022-08-30
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9781496715890
Instant New York Times Bestseller! For fans of The Girls with No Names, The Silent Patient, and Girl, Interrupted, the New York Times bestselling author of The Orphan Collector blends fact, fiction, and the urban legend of Cropsey in 1970s New York, as mistaken identities lead to a young woman’s imprisonment at Willowbrook State School, the real state-run institution that Geraldo Rivera would later expose for its horrifying abuses. An Indie Next Pick | Peruse Book Club Pick | A Room of Your Own Book Club Pick | A Publishers Lunch Buzz Books Selection Sage Winters always knew her sister was a little different even though they were identical twins. They loved the same things and shared a deep understanding, but Rosemary—awake to every emotion, easily moved to joy or tears—seemed to need more protection from the world. Six years after Rosemary’s death from pneumonia, Sage, now sixteen, still misses her deeply. Their mother perished in a car crash, and Sage’s stepfather, Alan, resents being burdened by a responsibility he never wanted. Yet despite living as near strangers in their Staten Island apartment, Sage is stunned to discover that Alan has kept a shocking secret: Rosemary didn’t die. She was committed to Willowbrook State School and has lingered there until just a few days ago, when she went missing. Sage knows little about Willowbrook. It’s always been a place shrouded by rumor and mystery. A place local parents threaten to send misbehaving kids. With no idea what to expect, Sage secretly sets out for Willowbrook, determined to find Rosemary. What she learns, once she steps through its doors and is mistakenly believed to be her sister, will change her life in ways she never could imagined . . . “A heartbreaking yet insightful read, this novel will open one's eyes to the evil in this world.” –New York Journal of Books “Unvarnished, painful and startlingly clear.” – Bookreporter.com
Author : Carolina Bank Muñoz,Penny Lewis,Emily Tumpson Molina
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 579 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2022-01-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520964150
This alternative guidebook for one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations explores all five boroughs to reveal a people’s New York City. The sites and stories of A People’s Guide to New York City shift our perception of what defines New York, placing the passion, determination, defeats, and victories of its people at the core. Delving into the histories of New York's five boroughs, you will encounter enslaved Africans in revolt, women marching for equality, workers on strike, musicians and performers claiming streets for their art, and neighbors organizing against landfills and industrial toxins and in support of affordable housing and public schools. The streetscapes that emerge from these groups' struggles bear the traces, and this book shows you where to look to find them. New York City is a preeminent global city, serving as the headquarters for hundreds of multinational firms and a world-renowned cultural hub for fashion, art, and music. It is among the most multicultural cities in the world and also one of the most segregated cities in the United States. The people that make this global city function—immigrants, people of color, and the working classes—reside largely in the so-called outer boroughs, outside the corporations, neon, and skyscrapers of Manhattan. A People’s Guide to New York City expands the scope and scale of traditional guidebooks, providing an equitable exploration of the diverse communities throughout the city. Through the stories of over 150 sites across the Bronx, Manhattan, Queens, Brooklyn and Staten Island as well as thematic tours and contemporary and archival photographs, a people’s New York emerges, one in which collective struggles for justice and freedom have shaped the very landscape of the city.
Author : Sydney A. Halpern
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : History
ISBN : 9780300259629
The untold history of America's mid-twentieth-century program of hepatitis infection research, its scientists' aspirations, and the damage the project caused human subjects "Sydney Halpern has written a compelling, if unsettling, history of hepatitis research during World War II and the Cold War. It will become a must-read for anyone interested in bioethics and medical history."--Susan E. Lederer, author of Subjected to Science and Flesh and Blood From 1942 through 1972, American biomedical researchers deliberately infected people with hepatitis. Government-sponsored researchers were attempting to discover the basic features of the disease and the viruses causing it, and to develop interventions that would quell recurring outbreaks. Drawing from extensive archival research and in-person interviews, Sydney Halpern traces the hepatitis program from its origins in World War II through its expansion during the initial Cold War years, to its demise in the early 1970s amid an outcry over research abuse. The subjects in hepatitis studies were members of stigmatized groups--conscientious objectors, prison inmates, the mentally ill, and developmentally disabled adults and children. The book reveals how researchers invoked military and scientific imperatives and the rhetoric of a common good to win support for the experiments and access to recruits. Halpern examines the participants' long-term health consequences and raises troubling questions about hazardous human experiments aimed at controlling today's epidemic diseases.
Author : Michael A. Rembis,Catherine Jean Kudlick,Kim E. Nielsen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 553 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190234959
This Handbook brings together twenty-nine authors from around the world, each expert in a different area within the history of disability. This collection of new and original essays forms a benchmark in a field of historical inquiry that has been growing and maturing over the last thirty years. It is the first book to gather critical essays that incorporate studies from South and East Asia, eastern and western Europe, Australia, North America, and the Arab world. This Handbook is unique among other disability history texts in that it engages simultaneously in methodological and historiographic debates and in a further articulation and analysis of the lived experiences of disabled people.
Author : David J. Rothman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781351472562
The Willowbrook Wars is a dramatic and illuminating account of the effort to close down a scandal-ridden institution and return its 5,400 handicapped residents to communities in New York. The wars began in 1972 with Geraldo Rivera's televised raid on the Willowbrook State School. They continued for three years in a federal courtroom, with civil libertarian lawyers persuading a conservative and conscience-stricken judge to expand the rights of the disabled, and they culminated in a 1975 consent decree, with the state of New York pledging to accomplish the unprecedented assignment in six years. From 1975 to 1982, David and Sheila Rothman observed this remarkable chapter in American reform of mental disabilities care. Would the state live up to its agreement without "dumping" residents into other nightmarish institutions? Would the lawyers prove as interested in meeting client needs as in securing client rights? Could a tradition-bound bureaucracy create a new network of community services? And finally, would a governor and a legislature tolerate such outside intervention, and if so, for how long? In answering these questions, The Willowbrook Wars takes us behind the scenes to clarify the role of the judiciary, the fate of the underprivileged, and the potential for social justice. In their new afterword, the authors bring the story up to date, describing the results of the closing of the institution in 1987 from the experiences of integrating the former residents into communities to the legal battles between the state of New York and advocates for the mentally handicapped.
Author : Jill Leovy
Publisher : One World/Ballantine
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780385529983
"Discusses the hundreds of murders that occur in Los Angeles each year, and focuses on the story of the dedicated group of detectives who pursued justice at any cost in the killing of Bryant Tennelle"--Publisher's description.
Author : Allison C. Carey
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2022-05-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781071818176
Disability and the Sociological Imagination provides an expertly developed and accessible overview of the relatively new and growing area of sociology of disability. Written by one of the field’s leading researchers, it discusses the major theorists, research methods, and bodies of knowledge that represents sociology’s key contributions to our understanding of disability. Unlike other available texts, it examines the ways in which major social structures contribute to the production and reproduction of disability, and examines how race, class, gender, and sexual orientation shape the disability experience
Author : Belinda Bennett,Ian Freckelton AO KC,Gabrielle Wolf
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 721 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2023-01-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780192896742
COVID-19 is the most severe pandemic the world has experienced in a century. This book analyses major legal and regulatory responses internationally to COVID-19, and the impact the pandemic has had on human rights and freedoms, governance, the obligations of states and individuals, as well the role of the World Health Organization and other international bodies during this time. The authors examine notable legal challenges to public health measures enforced during the pandemic, such as lockdown orders, curfews, and vaccine mandates. Importantly, the book contextualizes the legal analysis by examining the broader social and economic dimensions of risks posed by the pandemic. The book considers how COVID-19 impacted the operation of the criminal justice system, civil litigation concerning negligently caused deaths and business losses arising from contractual breaches, consumer protection litigation, disciplinary regulation of health practitioners, coronial inquests and other investigations of unexpected deaths, and occupational health and safety issues. The book reflects on the role of the law in facilitating the remarkable scientific and epidemiological achievements during the pandemic, but also the challenges of ensuring the swift production and equitable distribution of treatments and vaccines. It concludes by considering the possibilities that the legal and regulatory responses to this pandemic have illuminated for effectively tackling future global health crises.