A Mathematical Approach To Multilevel Multiscale Health Interventions

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A Mathematical Approach to Multilevel, Multiscale Health Interventions

Rodrick Wallace,Deborah Wallace
A Mathematical Approach to Multilevel Multiscale Health Interventions Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace,Deborah Wallace
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-01-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781848169982

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A Mathematical Approach to Multilevel, Multiscale Health Interventions by Rodrick Wallace,Deborah Wallace Pdf

This book, based on published studies, takes a unique perspective on the 30-year collapse of pharmaceutical industry productivity in the search for small molecule “magic bullet” interventions. The relentless escalation of inflation-adjusted cost per approved medicine in the United States — from $200 million in 1950 to $1.2 billion in 2010 — has driven industry giants to, at best, slavish imitation in drug design, and at worst, abandonment of research and embracing of widespread fraud in consumer marketing. The book adapts formalism across a number of disciplines to the strategy for design of mutilevel interventions, focusing first on molecular, cellular, and larger scale examples, and then extending the argument to the simplifications provided by the dominant role of social and cultural structures and processes in individual and population patterns of health and illness. In place of “magic bullets”, we must now apply “magic strategies” that act across both the scale and level of organization. This book provides an introductory roadmap to the new tools that will be needed for the design of such strategies. Contents:Beyond Magic BulletsExpanding the TheoryDynamic ‘Regression Models’An Evolutionary ExcursionExample: Mental DisordersExample: Protein FoldingExample: Glycome DeterminantsExample: Glycan/Lectin Logic GatesExample: IDP Logic GatesTreatmentHistory and HealthBeyond GlasperlenspielMathematical Appendix Readership: Undergraduate, graduate, researchers and professionals in biomathematics, biostatistics, mathematical modeling, complex systems and pharmaceuticals. Keywords:Cognition;Information Theory;Mathematical Model;Social EpidemiologyKey Features:The book synthesizes published, peer-reviewed articles to make explicit the complexity of human biology that underlies the catastrophic failure of the pharmaceutical industryIt develops a formalism of statistical tools for modeling and data analysis to explicitly address that multiscale and multilevel complexityIt uses the formalism to explore case histories at a number of scales

A Mathematical Approach to Multilevel, Multiscale Health Interventions

Rodrick Wallace,Deborah Wallace
A Mathematical Approach to Multilevel Multiscale Health Interventions Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace,Deborah Wallace
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781848169975

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A Mathematical Approach to Multilevel, Multiscale Health Interventions by Rodrick Wallace,Deborah Wallace Pdf

This book, based on published studies, takes a unique perspective on the 30-year collapse of pharmaceutical industry productivity in the search for small molecule OC magic bulletOCO interventions. The relentless escalation of inflation-adjusted cost per approved medicine in the United States OCo from $200 million in 1950 to $1.2 billion in 2010 OCo has driven industry giants to, at best, slavish imitation in drug design, and at worst, abandonment of research and embracing of widespread fraud in consumer marketing.The book adapts formalism across a number of disciplines to the strategy for design of mutilevel interventions, focusing first on molecular, cellular, and larger scale examples, and then extending the argument to the simplifications provided by the dominant role of social and cultural structures and processes in individual and population patterns of health and illness.In place of OC magic bulletsOCO, we must now apply OC magic strategiesOCO that act across both the scale and level of organization. This book provides an introductory roadmap to the new tools that will be needed for the design of such strategies."

Computational Psychiatry

Rodrick Wallace
Computational Psychiatry Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace
Publisher : Springer
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-04-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319539102

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Computational Psychiatry by Rodrick Wallace Pdf

This book explores mental disorders from a uniquely evolutionary perspective. Although there have been many attempts to mathematically model neural processes and, to some extent, their dysfunction, there is very little literature that models mental function within a sociocultural, socioeconomic, and environmental context. Addressing this gap in the extant literature, this book explores essential aspects of mental disorders, recognizing the ubiquitous role played by the exaptation of crosstalk between cognitive modules at many different scales and levels of organization, the missing heritability of complex diseases, and cultural epigenetics. Further, it introduces readers to valuable control theory tools that permit the exploration of the environmental induction of neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as the study of the synergism between culture, psychopathology and sleep disorders, offering a distinctively unique resource.

Canonical Instabilities of Autonomous Vehicle Systems

Rodrick Wallace
Canonical Instabilities of Autonomous Vehicle Systems Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace
Publisher : Springer
Page : 45 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319699356

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Canonical Instabilities of Autonomous Vehicle Systems by Rodrick Wallace Pdf

The asymptotic limit theorems of control and information theories make it possible to explore the dynamics of collapse likely to afflict large-scale systems of autonomous ground vehicles that communicate with each other and with an embedding intelligent roadway. Any vehicle/road system is inherently unstable in the control theory sense as a consequence of the basic irregularities of the traffic stream, the road network, and their interactions, placing it in the realm of the Data Rate Theorem that mandates a minimum necessary rate of control information for stability. It appears that large-scale V2V/V2I systems will experience correspondingly large-scale failures analogous to the vast, propagating fronts of power network blackouts, and possibly less benign but more subtle patterns of individual vehicle, platoon, and mesoscale dysfunction. The central matter is the synergism between poorly-understood traffic flow dynamics and similarly cryptic multisource information network dynamics, leading to highly punctuated phase transition analogs.

Introducing the Oscillations Based Paradigm

Darius Plikynas
Introducing the Oscillations Based Paradigm Book PDF

Author : Darius Plikynas
Publisher : Springer
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-16
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319390406

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Introducing the Oscillations Based Paradigm by Darius Plikynas Pdf

The book presents a conceptually novel oscillations based paradigm, the Oscillation-Based Multi-Agent System (OSIMAS), aimed at the modelling of agents and their systems as coherent, stylized, neurodynamic processes. This paradigm links emerging research domains via coherent neurodynamic oscillation based representations of the individual human mind and society (as a coherent collective mind) states. Thus, this multidisciplinary paradigm delivers an empirical and simulation research framework that provides a new way of modelling the complex dynamics of individual and collective mind states. This book addresses a conceptual problem – the lack of a multidisciplinary, connecting paradigm, which could link fragmented research in the fields of neuroscience, artificial intelligence (AI), multi-agent system (MAS) and the social network domains. The need for a common multidisciplinary research framework essentially arises because these fields share a common object of investigation and simulation, i.e., individual and collective human behavior. Although the fields of research mentioned above all approach this from different perspectives, their common object of investigation unites them. By putting the various pathways of research as they are interrelated into perspective, this book provides a philosophical underpinning, experimental background and modelling tools that the author anticipates will reveal new frontiers in multidisciplinary research. Fundamental investigation of the implicit oscillatory nature of agents’ mind states and social mediums in general can reveal some new ways of understanding the periodic and nonperiodic fluctuations taking place in real life. For example, via agent states-related diffusion properties, we could investigate complex economic phenomena like the spread of stock market crashes, currency crises, speculative oscillations (bubbles and crashes), social unrest, recessionary effects, sovereign defaults, etc. All these effects are closely associated with social fragility, which follows and is affected by cycles such as production, political, business and financial. Thus, the multidisciplinary OSIMAS paradigm can yield new knowledge and research perspectives, allowing for a better understanding of social agents and their social organization principles.

Gene Expression and Its Discontents

Rodrick Wallace,Deborah Wallace
Gene Expression and Its Discontents Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace,Deborah Wallace
Publisher : Springer
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2016-11-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319480787

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Gene Expression and Its Discontents by Rodrick Wallace,Deborah Wallace Pdf

This book describes how epigenetic context, in a large sense, affects gene expression and the development of an organism, using the asymptotic limit theorems of information theory to construct statistical models useful in data analysis. The approach allows deep understanding of how embedding context affects development. We find that epigenetic information sources act as tunable catalysts, directing ontogeny into characteristic pathways, a perspective having important implications for epigenetic epidemiology. In sum, environmental stressors can induce a broad spectrum of developmental dysfunctions, and the book explores a number of pandemic chronic diseases, using U.S. data at different scales and levels of organization. In particular, we find the legacy of slavery has been grossly compounded by accelerating industrial decline and urban decay. Individual chapters are dedicated to obesity and its sequelae, coronary heart disease, cancer, mental disorders, autoimmune dysfunction, Alzheimer’s disease, and other conditions. Developmental disorders are driven by environmental factors channeled by historical trajectory and are unlikely to respond to medical interventions at the population level in the face of persistent individual and community stress. Drugs powerful enough to affect deleterious epigenetic programming will likely have side effects leading to shortened lifespan. Addressing chronic conditions and developmental disorders requires significant large-scale changes in public policy and resource allocation.

Genes, Brains, and Human Potential

Ken Richardson
Genes Brains and Human Potential Book PDF

Author : Ken Richardson
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780231543767

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Genes, Brains, and Human Potential by Ken Richardson Pdf

For countless generations people have been told that their potential as humans is limited and fundamentally unequal. The social order, they have been assured, is arranged by powers beyond their control. More recently the appeal has been to biology, specifically the genes, brain sciences, the concept of intelligence, and powerful new technologies. Reinforced through the authority of science and a growing belief in bio-determinism, the ordering of the many for the benefit of a few has become more entrenched. Yet scientists are now waking up to the influence of ideology on research and its interpretation. In Genes, Brains, and Human Potential, Ken Richardson illustrates how the ideology of human intelligence has infiltrated genetics, brain sciences, and psychology, flourishing in the vagueness of basic concepts, a shallow nature-versus-nurture debate, and the overhyped claims of reductionists. He shows how ideology, more than pure science, has come to dominate our institutions, especially education, encouraging fatalism about the development of human intelligence among individuals and societies. Genes, Brains, and Human Potential goes much further: building on work being done in molecular biology, epigenetics, dynamical systems, evolution theory, and complexity theory, it maps a fresh understanding of intelligence and the development of human potential. Concluding with an upbeat message for human possibilities, this synthesis of diverse perspectives will engender new conversations among students, researchers, and other interested readers.

Carl von Clausewitz, the Fog-of-War, and the AI Revolution

Rodrick Wallace
Carl von Clausewitz the Fog of War and the AI Revolution Book PDF

Author : Rodrick Wallace
Publisher : Springer
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2018-01-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319746333

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Carl von Clausewitz, the Fog-of-War, and the AI Revolution by Rodrick Wallace Pdf

The language of business is the language of dreams, but the language of war is the language of nightmare made real. Yet business dreams of driverless cars on intelligent roads, and of other real-time critical systems under the control of algorithmic entities, have much of war about them. Such systems, including military institutions at the tactical, operational and strategic scales, act on rapidly-shifting roadway topologies whose ‘traffic rules’ can rapidly change. War is never without both casualty and collateral damage, and realtime critical systems of any nature will inevitably partake of fog-of-war and frictional challenges almost exactly similar to those that have made warfare intractable for modern states. Into the world of Carl von Clausewitz, John Boyd, Mao Tse-Tung, Vo Nguyen Giap and Genghis Khan, come the brash, bright-eyed techies of Alphabet, Microsoft, Amazon, and Uber who forthrightly step in where a phalanx of angels has not feared to tread, but treaded badly indeed. In this book we use cutting-edge tools from information and control theories to examine canonical and idiosyncratic failure modes of real-time cognitive systems facing fog-of-war and frictional constraints. In sum, nobody ever navigates, or can navigate, the landscapes of Carl von Clausewitz unscathed.

Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI 2014

Polina Golland,Nobuhiko Hata,Christian Barillot,Joachim Hornegger,Robert Howe
Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention MICCAI 2014 Book PDF

Author : Polina Golland,Nobuhiko Hata,Christian Barillot,Joachim Hornegger,Robert Howe
Publisher : Springer
Page : 826 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2014-08-31
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319104041

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Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI 2014 by Polina Golland,Nobuhiko Hata,Christian Barillot,Joachim Hornegger,Robert Howe Pdf

The three-volume set LNCS 8673, 8674, and 8675 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2014, held in Boston, MA, USA, in September 2014. Based on rigorous peer reviews, the program committee carefully selected 253 revised papers from 862 submissions for presentation in three volumes. The 100 papers included in the first volume have been organized in the following topical sections: microstructure imaging; image reconstruction and enhancement; registration; segmentation; intervention planning and guidance; oncology; and optical imaging.

Systems Optimization Methodology

V. V. Kolbin
Systems Optimization Methodology Book PDF

Author : V. V. Kolbin
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 460 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810215894

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Systems Optimization Methodology by V. V. Kolbin Pdf

This monograph defines the notion of a ?system? by reference to those systems which exhibit goal-oriented behavior and utilize the notion of decision making and controls. Such systems allow for phenomenological description and fix the nature of causal transformations of input effects into output quantities. The study of consequences of the fact that the systems possess some properties constitutes the content of systems optimization methodology which goes beyond the scope of descriptive classification of systems.Chapter 1 deals with philosophical problems of systems methodology. An attempt is made to systematize and analyze the problems of scientific methodology as applied to systems modeling methodology which is viewed as the most general concept utilized in modern science.Chapter 2 focuses on problems of qualitative analysis in natural and social sciences. Attention is drawn to problems of measurement theory and quantitative analysis of systems.Approaches and methods of systems analysis and synthesis form the central portion of the book. Much study is given to the methods of systems decomposition, an integration using both discrete and continuous descriptions of objects, processes, and phenomena. Examples of complex goal-oriented systems are also provided.The remaining part of the book is largely centered around the methodology of multiobjective systems optimization.

Advanced Mathematical Approach to Biology

Takeyuki Hida
Advanced Mathematical Approach to Biology Book PDF

Author : Takeyuki Hida
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810230656

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Advanced Mathematical Approach to Biology by Takeyuki Hida Pdf

This volume consists of three papers, the first paper by T Ray aims to create an instantiation of evolution by natural selection in the computational medium. This creates a conceptual problem that requires considerable art to solve.The second paper by K-I Naka and V Bhanot discusses an interesting application of white noise analysis to the retinal physiology. It deals with identification of the retina mathematically, and one can see profound results that can be discovered only by using white noise analysis.The last paper by T Hida illustrates the use of white noise analysis for biologists. Readers will see the types of topics to which white noise analysis can be applied and how to apply the theory to actual phenomena.

Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health

Roger Detels,Martin Gulliford,Quarraisha Abdool Karim,Chorh Chuan Tan
Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health Book PDF

Author : Roger Detels,Martin Gulliford,Quarraisha Abdool Karim,Chorh Chuan Tan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1717 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780198810131

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Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health by Roger Detels,Martin Gulliford,Quarraisha Abdool Karim,Chorh Chuan Tan Pdf

Sixth edition of the hugely successful, internationally recognised textbook on global public health and epidemiology, with 3 volumes comprehensively covering the scope, methods, and practice of the discipline

Fractional Calculus and Waves in Linear Viscoelasticity

Francesco Mainardi
Fractional Calculus and Waves in Linear Viscoelasticity Book PDF

Author : Francesco Mainardi
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781848163294

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Fractional Calculus and Waves in Linear Viscoelasticity by Francesco Mainardi Pdf

This book is likely to be of interest to applied scientists and engineers. --Book Jacket.

Multi-Level Decision Making

Guangquan Zhang,Jie Lu,Ya Gao
Multi Level Decision Making Book PDF

Author : Guangquan Zhang,Jie Lu,Ya Gao
Publisher : Springer
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662460597

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Multi-Level Decision Making by Guangquan Zhang,Jie Lu,Ya Gao Pdf

This monograph presents new developments in multi-level decision-making theory, technique and method in both modeling and solution issues. It especially presents how a decision support system can support managers in reaching a solution to a multi-level decision problem in practice. This monograph combines decision theories, methods, algorithms and applications effectively. It discusses in detail the models and solution algorithms of each issue of bi-level and tri-level decision-making, such as multi-leaders, multi-followers, multi-objectives, rule-set-based, and fuzzy parameters. Potential readers include organizational managers and practicing professionals, who can use the methods and software provided to solve their real decision problems; PhD students and researchers in the areas of bi-level and multi-level decision-making and decision support systems; students at an advanced undergraduate, master’s level in information systems, business administration, or the application of computer science.

Modelling in Healthcare

Anonim
Modelling in Healthcare Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Artificial intelligence
ISBN : 9780821849699

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Modelling in Healthcare by Anonim Pdf

A model is a simplified representation of a real-world situation used to help answer a specific question. This book provides a look into the world of modelling with the focus on modelling in healthcare.--[from preface]