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Author : George F. Botjer
Publisher : New York : Putnam
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : History
ISBN : STANFORD:36105000096029
Author : Lloyd E. Eastman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1991-08-30
Category : History
ISBN : 0521385911
In recent years historians of China have focused increased attention on the critical decades of National rule on the mainland. This recent scholarship has substantially modified our understanding of the political events of this momentous period, shedding light on the character of Nationalist rule and on the sources of the Communist victory in 1949. Yet no existing textbook on modern China presents the events of the period according to these new findings. The five essays in this volume were written by leading authorities on the period, and they synthesize the new research. Drawn from Volume 13 of The Cambridge History of China, they represent the most complete and stimulating political history of the period available in the literature. The essays selected deal with Nationalist rule during the Nanking decade, the Communist movement from 1927 to 1937, Nationalist rule during the Sino-Japanese War, the Communist movement during the Sino-Japanese war, and the Kuomintang-Communist struggle from 1945 to 1949.
Author : Guilin Wang,Dajun Guo,Zhenxiang Lu
Publisher : Beijing : Foreign Languages Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : China
ISBN : STANFORD:36105114013522
Author : Suisheng Zhao
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1995-12-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0824817214
First established as a cabinet system in Guangzhou in 1925, the Nationalist Government of China was replaced three years later by a presidential system under a unified Nationalist government in Nanjing. The cabinet government was restored in 1931 and existed until the presidential system was again installed by the 1936 constitution. Why did presidential and cabinet systems exist alternately during this formative period of the Nationalist government? Why was the presidential system finally adopted in 1936? Suisheng Zhao answers these and other questions fundamental to understanding authoritarian regimes in this pioneering study of the design of the Nationalist Government of China from 1925 to 1937. although scholars of comparative politics have shown great interest in the institutional choice between parliamentarianism and presidentialism in democratic countries, they have paid little attention to the study of constitutional frameworks in authoritarian settings. By offering a clear and original re-interpretation of the history of this power struggle between Chiang Kai-shek and his rivals over institutional design, Zhao challenges the conventional wisdom that has underestimated the importance of formal institutions in non-democratic regimes.Borrowing ideas from public choice theory, Zhao proposes that political actors who design governmental institutions are diven by power-maximization strategies just as business firms are driven by wealth-maximization strategies. Constitution-making reflects the underlying distribution of power among authoritarian leaders, who attempt to design political institutions that will consolidate their personal power and position. Thus, Zhao argues, if political actors possess more power resources than their rivals and anticipate themselves becoming dominant, they will choose the singular leadership of the presidential system. If they are in a weaker position and do not anticipate becoming dominant, they will prefer the collective leadership of the cabinet form of government.Notable for its persuasive integration of political science theory and the historical evidence, Power by Design is an insightful re-interpretation of Chinese history that will be welcomed by scholars of modern China and those interested in the consequences of the nationalist politics that continue to reverberate in contemporary Chine, as well as by comparative political scientists studying constitution-making and institutional design.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-16
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:949776769
Author : Robert Bickers
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 749 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781846146190
SHORTLISTED FOR THE 2018 WOLFSON HISTORY PRIZE The extraordinary and essential story of how China became the powerful country it is today. Even at the high noon of Europe's empires China managed to be one of the handful of countries not to succumb. Invaded, humiliated and looted, China nonetheless kept its sovereignty. Robert Bickers' major new book is the first to describe fully what has proved to be one of the modern era's most important stories: the long, often agonising process by which the Chinese had by the end of the 20th century regained control of their own country. Out of China uses a brilliant array of unusual, strange and vivid sources to recreate a now fantastically remote world: the corrupt, lurid modernity of pre-War Shanghai, the often tiny patches of 'extra-territorial' land controlled by European powers (one of which, unnoticed, had mostly toppled into a river), the entrepôts of Hong Kong and Macao, and the myriad means, through armed threats, technology and legal chicanery, by which China was kept subservient. Today Chinese nationalism stays firmly rooted in memories of its degraded past - the quest for self-sufficiency, a determination both to assert China's standing in the world and its outstanding territorial claims, and never to be vulnerable to renewed attack. History matters deeply to Beijing's current rulers - and Out of China explains why.
Author : Lucien Bianco
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : History
ISBN : 0804708274
Analyzes the internal pressures and social crises that fostered the beginnings of the Chinese Revolution
Author : Joseph K. S. Yick
Publisher : M.E. Sharpe
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Beijing (China)
ISBN : 1563246066
An attempt to rethink the traditional interpretation of the victory of Mao Zedong's Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1949. The focus is on the activities of the student-intellectual-based communist underground, which played a crucial role
Author : Timothy J. Lomperis
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
Page : 457 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2000-11-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780807863046
Timothy Lomperis persuasively argues the ironic point that the lessons of American involvement in Vietnam are not to be found in any analysis of the war by itself. Rather, he proposes a comparison of the Vietnam experience with seven other cases of Western intervention in communist insurgencies during the Cold War era: China, Indochina, Greece, the Philippines, Malaya, Cambodia, and Laos. Lomperis maintains that popular insurgencies are manifestations of crises in political legitimacy, which occur as a result of the societal stresses caused by modernization. Therefore, he argues, any intervention in a 'people's war' will succeed or fail depending on how it affects this crisis. The unifying theme in the cases Lomperis discusses is the power of land reform and electoral democracy to cement political legitimacy and therefore deflect revolutionary movements. Applying this theory to the ongoing Sendero Luminoso insurgency in Peru, Lomperis makes a qualified prediction of that conflict's outcome. He concludes that a global trend toward democratization has produced a new era of 'people's rule.'
Author : Joseph K.S. Yick
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2015-05-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317465683
The end of the Sino-Japanese War in 1945 brought not peace but renewed confrontation between Mao Zedong's Chinese Communist Party and Chiang Kaishek's Guomindang. The ensuing Civil War, at the threshold of the Cold War, held enormous significance for international strategic alliances, and in particular the interests of the United States in East Asia, and has been the subject of intense research and debate ever since. Joseph Yick's Making Urban Revolution in China: The CCP-GMD Struggle for Beiping-Tianjin, 1945-1949, based partly on the rich new sources available in the PRC since 1978, rethinks the traditional interpretations of the Chinese Communist Party's victory in 1949 and makes a major contribution to the historiography of this period.
Author : Jonathan Fenby
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 744 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2008-05-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780141917610
'China's reemergence as a global economic powerhouse has compressed into a single generation an industrial and urban revolution on a scale the world has never seen. Its transformation looks to many foreigners, and to millions of newly prosperous Chinese, like a near-miraculous escape from the agonies of its recent history - late imperial, warlord-republican and Maoist. The great merit of Jonathan Fenby's vivid account of the years since 1850 is to underline how heavily that history still weighs on the present' Rosemary Righter, The Times
Author : Kristin Mulready-Stone
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317674092
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, youth emerged as a new and important social force in many parts of the world. In China the image of this new youth imprinted itself on Chinese consciousness and made clear to potential national leaders that future governments would not be able to ignore China’s youth or expect them simply to step in line. For this and other reasons, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the Chinese Nationalist Party (GMD) and a string of War of Resistance-era collaborationist governments all formed youth organizations in an effort to win youth over and harness their vitality and enthusiasm to further their agendas. Mobilizing Shanghai Youth explores the similarities and differences among three youth organizations that were connected to Chinese political parties or governments in Shanghai, spanning from the beginning of the May Fourth Movement, just as youth began to emerge as a powerful social and political force in China, to World War II, when Nationalist, Communist and Japanese forces were still competing for dominance. It takes a comparative approach in exploring the similarities and differences, trials and tribulations in how the Chinese Communist Party, Chinese Nationalist Party and a series of collaborationist regimes sought to appeal to youth through the Communist Youth League, the Three People’s Principles Youth Corps and the China Youth Corps. Focusing on Greater Shanghai allows a detailed exploration of the rise and fall of the original Communist Youth League and its connections to international communism. The spotlight on Shanghai also yields the extraordinary finding that the Three People’s Principles Youth Corps was a valuable asset to the Nationalist Party, operating as a potent resistance organization in Japanese-controlled Shanghai whereas branches in Nationalist-controlled territory were factionalized, dysfunctional and a terrible liability for the Party. Most surprisingly, the collaborationist China Youth Corps took the most practical and in some ways the most successful approach to mobilizing China’s youth. The result of exhaustive archival research, this book will be of huge interest to students and scholars of Chinese history, modern history, Communism and the role of youth in revolution.
Author : "International Committee For Social Sciences Documentation"
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781136749414
The International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) is an essential tool for librarians, academics and researchers wishing to be kept up to date with the published literature in the social sciences. IBSS is compiled in four divisions; Anthropology, Sociology, Economics, and Political Science. This is Volume XXIX of the International bibliography of political science as of 1980.
Author : Christiane Reinhold
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317795018
Unlike the majority of contemporary scholarly works that examine Sino-Japanese relations between 1925 and 1945, this study de-emphasizes the story of conflict and war in favor of one that revolves around the way in which the Chinese intellectually encountered the "enemy", the Japanese.
Author : R. J. Rummel
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017-07-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351528757
Except for Soviet citizens, no people in this century have endured so much mass killing as have the Chinese. They have been murdered by rebels conniving with their own rulers, and then, after the defeat in war of the imperial dynasty, by soldiers of other lands. They have been killed by warlords who ruled one part of China or another. They have been executed by Nationalists or Communists because they had the wrong beliefs or attitudes or were simply in the wrong place at the wrong time. In China's Bloody Century, R.J. Rummel's careful estimate of the total number of killings exceeds 5 million. How do we explain such killings, crossing ideological bounds and political conditions? According to Rummel, the one constant factor in all the Chinese mass murder, as it was in the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, is arbitrary power. It was the factor that united warlords, Nationalists, Communists, and foreign armies. The author argues that whenever such undisciplined power is centralized and unchecked, the possibility exists that it will be used at the whim of dictators to kill for their own ends, whether the aim is ethnic-racial purity, national unity, development, or utopia. The book presents successive periods in modern Chinese history, with each chapter divided into three parts. Rummel first relates the history of the period within which the nature and the amount of killings are presented. He then provides a detailed statistical table giving the basic estimates with their sources and qualifications. The final part offers an appendix that explains and elaborates the statistical computations and estimates. While estimates are available in the literature on the number of Chinese killed in Communist land reform, or in Tibet, or by the Nationalists in one military campaign or another, until this book no one has tried to systematically accumulate, organize, add up, and analyze these diverse killings for all of China's governments in this century. For
