A Theory Of Fairness And Social Welfare

Author : Marc Fleurbaey,François Maniquet
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2011-06-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781139498777

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A Theory of Fairness and Social Welfare by Marc Fleurbaey,François Maniquet Pdf

The definition and measurement of social welfare have been a vexed issue for the past century. This book makes a constructive, easily applicable proposal and suggests how to evaluate the economic situation of a society in a way that gives priority to the worse-off and that respects each individual's preferences over his or her own consumption, work, leisure and so on. This approach resonates with the current concern to go 'beyond the GDP' in the measurement of social progress. Compared to technical studies in welfare economics, this book emphasizes constructive results rather than paradoxes and impossibilities, and shows how one can start from basic principles of efficiency and fairness and end up with concrete evaluations of policies. Compared to more philosophical treatments of social justice, this book is more precise about the definition of social welfare and reaches conclusions about concrete policies and institutions only after a rigorous derivation from clearly stated principles.

Author : Marc Fleurbaey,François Maniquet
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-05-14
Category : Fairness
ISBN : 1139077031

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A Theory of Fairness and Social Welfare by Marc Fleurbaey,François Maniquet Pdf

The definition and measurement of social welfare have been a vexed issue for the past century. This book makes a constructive, easily applicable proposal and suggests how to evaluate the economic situation of a society in a way that gives priority to the worse-off and that respects each individual's preferences over his or her own consumption, work, leisure, and so on. This approach resonates with the current concern to go beyond the GDP in the measurement of social progress. Compared to technical studies in welfare economics, this book emphasizes constructive results rather than paradoxes and impossibilities, and shows how one can start from basic principles of efficiency and fairness and end up with concrete evaluations of policies. Compared to more philosophical treatments of social justice, this book is more precise about the definition of social welfare and reaches conclusions about concrete policies and institutions only after a rigorous derivation from clearly stated principles.

Author : Louis Kaplow,Steven Shavell
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 569 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2009-07-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674039315

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Fairness versus Welfare by Louis Kaplow,Steven Shavell Pdf

By what criteria should public policy be evaluated? Fairness and justice? Or the welfare of individuals? Debate over this fundamental question has spanned the ages. Fairness versus Welfare poses a bold challenge to contemporary moral philosophy by showing that most moral principles conflict more sharply with welfare than is generally recognized. In particular, the authors demonstrate that all principles that are not based exclusively on welfare will sometimes favor policies under which literally everyone would be worse off. The book draws on the work of moral philosophers, economists, evolutionary and cognitive psychologists, and legal academics to scrutinize a number of particular subjects that have engaged legal scholars and moral philosophers. How can the deeply problematic nature of all nonwelfarist principles be reconciled with our moral instincts and intuitions that support them? The authors offer a fascinating explanation of the origins of our moral instincts and intuitions, developing ideas originally advanced by Hume and Sidgwick and more recently explored by psychologists and evolutionary theorists. Their analysis indicates that most moral principles that seem appealing, upon examination, have a functional explanation, one that does not justify their being accorded independent weight in the assessment of public policy. Fairness versus Welfare has profound implications for the theory and practice of policy analysis and has already generated considerable debate in academia.

Author : John RAWLS
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2009-06-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674042605

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A Theory of Justice by John RAWLS Pdf

Though the revised edition of A Theory of Justice, published in 1999, is the definitive statement of Rawls's view, so much of the extensive literature on Rawls's theory refers to the first edition. This reissue makes the first edition once again available for scholars and serious students of Rawls's work.

Author : Herve Moulin
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2004-08-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0262633116

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Fair Division and Collective Welfare by Herve Moulin Pdf

The concept of fair division is as old as civil society itself. Aristotle's "equal treatment of equals" was the first step toward a formal definition of distributive fairness. The concept of collective welfare, more than two centuries old, is a pillar of modern economic analysis. Reflecting fifty years of research, this book examines the contribution of modern microeconomic thinking to distributive justice. Taking the modern axiomatic approach, it compares normative arguments of distributive justice and their relation to efficiency and collective welfare. The book begins with the epistemological status of the axiomatic approach and the four classic principles of distributive justice: compensation, reward, exogenous rights, and fitness. It then presents the simple ideas of equal gains, equal losses, and proportional gains and losses. The book discusses three cardinal interpretations of collective welfare: Bentham's "utilitarian" proposal to maximize the sum of individual utilities, the Nash product, and the egalitarian leximin ordering. It also discusses the two main ordinal definitions of collective welfare: the majority relation and the Borda scoring method. The Shapley value is the single most important contribution of game theory to distributive justice. A formula to divide jointly produced costs or benefits fairly, it is especially useful when the pattern of externalities renders useless the simple ideas of equality and proportionality. The book ends with two versatile methods for dividing commodities efficiently and fairly when only ordinal preferences matter: competitive equilibrium with equal incomes and egalitarian equivalence. The book contains a wealth of empirical examples and exercises.

Author : Allan M. Feldman,Roberto Serrano
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2006-06-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780387293684

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Welfare Economics and Social Choice Theory by Allan M. Feldman,Roberto Serrano Pdf

This book covers the main topics of welfare economics — general equilibrium models of exchange and production, Pareto optimality, un certainty, externalities and public goods — and some of the major topics of social choice theory — compensation criteria, fairness, voting. Arrow's Theorem, and the theory of implementation. The underlying question is this: "Is a particular economic or voting mechanism good or bad for society?" Welfare economics is mainly about whether the market mechanism is good or bad; social choice is largely about whether voting mechanisms, or other more abstract mechanisms, can improve upon the results of the market. This second edition updates the material of the first, written by Allan Feldman. It incorporates new sections to existing first-edition chapters, and it includes several new ones. Chapters 4, 6, 11, 15 and 16 are new, added in this edition. The first edition of the book grew out of an undergraduate welfare economics course at Brown University. The book is intended for the undergraduate student who has some prior familiarity with microeconomics. However, the book is also useful for graduate students and professionals, economists and non-economists, who want an overview of welfare and social choice results unburdened by detail and mathematical complexity. Welfare economics and social choice both probably suffer from ex cessively technical treatments in professional journals and monographs.

Author : Marc Fleurbaey
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2008-06-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199215911

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Fairness, Responsibility, and Welfare by Marc Fleurbaey Pdf

Develops a theory of fairness incorporating a concern for personal responsibility, opportunities and freedom, and makes accessible the recent developments in economics and philosophy that define social justice in terms of equal opportunities.

Author : Anthony Forder,Terry Caslin,Geoffrey Ponton,Sandra Walklate
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2018-07-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429883026

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Theories of Welfare by Anthony Forder,Terry Caslin,Geoffrey Ponton,Sandra Walklate Pdf

Originally published in 1984 Theories of Welfare looks at theories of social administration developed in different social science disciplines. The book ranges widely and gives concise coverage to the historical and intellectual background in which the theory emerged, the implicit or explicit value assumptions, and account of the most important theoretical concepts and the major criticisms of them, an indication of the relevance to social administration and a guide to further reading.

Author : Nicholas Rescher
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2018-02-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351324908

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Fairness by Nicholas Rescher Pdf

In theory and practice, the notion of fairness is far from simple. The principle is often elusive and subject to confusion, even in institutions of law, usage, and custom. In Fairness, Nicholas Rescher aims to liberate this concept from misunderstandings by showing how its definitive characteristics prevent it from being absorbed by such related conceptions as paternalistic benevolence, radical egalitarianism, and social harmonization. Rescher demonstrates that equality before the state is an instrument of justice, not of social utility or public welfare, and argues that the notion of fairness stops well short of a literal egalitarianism. Rescher disposes of the confusions arising from economists' penchant to focus on individual preferences, from decision theorists' concern for averting envy, and from political theorists' sympathy for egalitarianism. In their place he shows how the idea of distributive equity forms the core of the concept of fairness in matters of distributive justice. The coordination of shares with valid claims is the crux of the concept of fairness. In Rescher's view, this means that the pursuit of fairness requires objective rather than subjective evaluation of the goods being shared. This is something quite different from subjective equity based on the personal evaluation of goods by those laying claim to them. Insofar as subjective equity is a concern, the appropriate procedure for its realization is a process of maximum value distribution. Further, Rescher demonstrates that in matters of distributive justice, the distinction between new ownership and preexisting ownership is pivotal and calls for proceeding on very different principles depending on the case. How one should proceed depends on context, and what is adjudged fair is pragmatic, in that there are different requirements for effectiveness in achieving the aims and purposes of the sort of distribution that is intended. Rescher concludes that fairness is a fundamentally ethical concept. Its distinctive modus operandi contrasts sharply with the aims of paternalism, preference-maximizing, or economic advantage. Fairness will be of interest to philosophers, economists, and political scientists.

Author : Louis Kaplow,Steven Shavell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 26 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Distributive justice
ISBN : OCLC:248905175

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Fairness Versus Welfare by Louis Kaplow,Steven Shavell Pdf

Summary of, and response to criticism of, the authors' book, Fairness versus welfare (Harvard University Press, 2002).

Author : David Miller
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2001-09-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674007147

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Principles of Social Justice by David Miller Pdf

Social justice has been the animating ideal of democratic governments throughout the twentieth century. Even those who oppose it recognize its potency. Yet the meaning of social justice remains obscure, and existing theories put forward by political philosophers to explain it have failed to capture the way people in general think about issues of social justice. This book develops a new theory. David Miller argues that principles of justice must be understood contextually, with each principle finding its natural home in a different form of human association. Because modern societies are complex, the theory of justice must be complex, too. The three primary components in Miller's scheme are the principles of desert, need, and equality. The book uses empirical research to demonstrate the central role played by these principles in popular conceptions of justice. It then offers a close analysis of each concept, defending principles of desert and need against a range of critical attacks, and exploring instances when justice requires equal distribution and when it does not. Finally, it argues that social justice understood in this way remains a viable political ideal even in a world characterized by economic globalization and political multiculturalism. Accessibly written, and drawing upon the resources of both political philosophy and the social sciences, this book will appeal to readers with interest in public policy as well as to students of politics, philosophy, and sociology.

Author : Matthew Adler
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780195384994

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Well-Being and Fair Distribution by Matthew Adler Pdf

A comprehensive philosophically grounded argument for the use of social welfare functions as a framework for governmental policy analysis.

Author : Craig, Gary,Burchardt, Tania
Publisher : Policy Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2008-06-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781447315483

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Social justice and public policy by Craig, Gary,Burchardt, Tania Pdf

Social justice is a contested term, incorporated into the language of widely differing political positions. Those on the left argue that it requires intervention from the state to ensure equality, at least of opportunity; those on the right believe that it can be underpinned by the economics of the market place with little or no state intervention. To date, political philosophers have made relatively few serious attempts to explain how a theory of social justice translates into public policy. This important book, drawing on international experience and a distinguished panel of political philosophers and social scientists, addresses what the meaning of social justice is, and how it translates into the everyday concerns of public and social policy, in the context of both multiculturalism and globalisation.

Author : John Bonner
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015016234133

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Introduction to the Theory of Social Choice by John Bonner Pdf

Author : Aaron James
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2012-04-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199846153

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Fairness in Practice by Aaron James Pdf

In this book, the author argues that to achieve a fair global economy, there must be compensation of people harmed by their exposure to the global economy, but also equal division of the "gains of trade" across societies.