Ability Grouping And Tracking

Author : Rebecca Barr,Robert Dreeben,Nonglak Wiratchai
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Education
ISBN : 0226038122

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How Schools Work by Rebecca Barr,Robert Dreeben,Nonglak Wiratchai Pdf

As budgets tighten for school districts, a sound understanding of just how teaching and administration translate into student learning becomes increasingly important. Rebecca Barr, a researcher of classroom instruction and reading skill development, and Robert Dreeben, a sociologist of education who analyzes the structure of organizations, combine their expertise to explore the social organization of schools and classrooms, the division of labor, and the allocation of key resources. Viewing schools as part of a social organization with a hierarchy of levels—district, school, classroom, instructional group, and students—avoids the common pitfalls of lumping together any and all possible influences on student learning without regard to the actual processes of the classroom. Barr and Dreeben systematically explain how instructional groups originate, form, and change over time. Focusing on first grade reading instruction, their study shows that individual reading aptitude actually has little direct relation to group reading achievement and virtually none to the coverage of reading materials once the mean aptitude of groups is taken into consideration. Individual aptitude, they argue, is rather the basis on which teachers form reading groups that are given different instructional treatment. It is these differences in group treatment, they contend, that explain substantial differences in learning curricular material.

Author : Anne Wheelock
Publisher : R&L Education
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Education
ISBN : 0876521995

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Alternatives to Tracking and Ability Grouping by Anne Wheelock Pdf

A number of respected school systems are now seeking alternatives to tracking and ability grouping, alternatives that will ensure a better education for all students whatever their abilities. This handbook introduces practitioners to educators around the United States who are developing alternatives to harmful grouping practices. After a brief review of the roots of sorting practices and their impact on teaching and learning, the book describes features of classrooms and schools that have begun to use heterogeneous groupings and other innovative strategies. These features include high expectations for all, agreed-upon outcomes, coaching to help all students, innovative learning strategies for all, structures that support inclusive learning, and counseling for all students for success. The steps that schools may take to replace traditional grouping practices include developing school-based leadership and parental support, providing professional development, and support, creating districtwide commitment, planning for change, phasing in change, and developing supporting policies. In conclusion, schools that have started the untracking process have seen student achievement and self-esteem rise. Sufficient training and resources for teachers and staff is crucial for making for process work. Contains a glossary and nine references. (LMI)

Author : Vincent Dupriez
Publisher : United Nations Education, Scientific & Cultural Organization
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Ability grouping in education
ISBN : IND:30000109174494

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Methods of Grouping Learners at School by Vincent Dupriez Pdf

How should classrooms be formed in a school? What criteria should be used for dividing students up between schools and classes? When is tracking/streaming and ability grouping appropriate in a school system? the author reviews the research of the past decade in order to evaluate the impact of class composition on students' learning. The question of equality of opportunity is also addressed. Although it is one of the fundamental principles of every educational project in the democratic countries, what are the real learning opportunities offered to students? Among the factors that make these opportunities differ between schools, or even between classes, researchers have long studied the question of the influence that each pupil or student has on his or her classmates - the so-called ’peer effect'. Going beyond peer effect within classes, this book also considers the subtle and sometimes unintentional process of adapting the teaching level according To The level of the school, which can lead to inequalities. Beyond a review of the research carried out on these issues, The author tackles related issues of administration and education policy.

Author : Carol Corbett Burris,Delia T. Garrity
Publisher : ASCD
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781416607755

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Detracking for Excellence and Equity by Carol Corbett Burris,Delia T. Garrity Pdf

Proven strategies for launching, sustaining, and monitoring a reform that will offer all students access to the best curriculum, raise achievement across the board, and close the achievement gap.

Author : Patricia Brown,Paul Goren
Publisher : National Governors Assn
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1993-01-01
Category : Ability grouping in education
ISBN : 1558772138

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Ability Grouping and Tracking by Patricia Brown,Paul Goren Pdf

Structures that produce negative effects for some children are discussed, including grouping practices. A role for the states in moving away from traditional approaches is outlined. Current ability grouping and tracking are critical barriers to creating high expectations for all students, and they perpetuate low levels of performance for average and below-average students and tend to maintain the low expectations often held for minority groups. Existing grouping practices tend to sort children out of learning opportunities. Systemic change is needed to link social service programs to the education system, to improve student readiness to enter school, and to define and implement accountability systems that the public understands and embraces. Change cannot occur over night, and the support of Governors and other policymakers is vital to the success of reform efforts. Some state efforts toward reform in the area of ability grouping and tracking are reviewed. Supportive state strategies are particularly possible in the areas of: (1) incentives to schools to consider more flexible grouping; (2) networks of practitioners to share successful approaches; (3) assistance to schools; (4) professional development; (5) communication; and (6) focus on the context of reform. Appendix A contains three essays on current practices, and Appendix B analyzes issues and recommendations from a recent working meeting on ability grouping and tracking. (Contains 22 references.) (SLD)

Author : Jeannie Oakes
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2005-05-10
Category : Education
ISBN : 0300174063

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Keeping Track by Jeannie Oakes Pdf

Selected by the American School Board Journal as a “Must Read” book when it was first published and named one of 60 “Books of the Century” by the University of South Carolina Museum of Education for its influence on American education, this provocative, carefully documented work shows how tracking—the system of grouping students for instruction on the basis of ability—reflects the class and racial inequalities of American society and helps to perpetuate them. For this new edition, Jeannie Oakes has added a new Preface and a new final chapter in which she discusses the “tracking wars” of the last twenty years, wars in which Keeping Track has played a central role. From reviews of the first edition:“Should be read by anyone who wishes to improve schools.”—M. Donald Thomas, American School Board Journal“[This] engaging [book] . . . has had an influence on educational thought and policy that few works of social science ever achieve.”—Tom Loveless in The Tracking Wars“Should be read by teachers, administrators, school board members, and parents.”—Georgia Lewis, Childhood Education“Valuable. . . . No one interested in the topic can afford not to attend to it.”—Kenneth A. Strike, Teachers College Record

Author : John I. Goodlad,Pamela Keating
Publisher : College Board
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Education
ISBN : UOM:39015031767224

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Access to Knowledge by John I. Goodlad,Pamela Keating Pdf

This ambitious collection of essays by prominent educators, scholars, researchers, and reformers rethinks the problem of failure in our schools and describes the various curricular and structural factors that actually create barriers blocking access to an equal and quality education for all students. The authors examine such vital issues as at-risk and marginal students; striving for gender equity; assessment; tracking; school renewal; school and district organization and the role of state government.

Author : Judith Ireson,Susan Hallam
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Education
ISBN : 0761972099

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Ability Grouping in Education by Judith Ireson,Susan Hallam Pdf

Ability Grouping in Education provides an overview of ability grouping in education. The authors consider selective schooling and ability grouping within schools, such as streaming, banding setting and within-class grouping.

Author : Susan Gingras Fitzell
Publisher : Corwin Press
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-21
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781452268903

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RTI Strategies for Secondary Teachers by Susan Gingras Fitzell Pdf

A “strategy bank” for secondary teachers This book offers a bank of proven RTI strategies for Grades 6–12, including easy-to-implement interventions and sample lessons that improve achievement for all students.

Author : Jeannie Oakes
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Ability grouping in education
ISBN : STANFORD:36105118938872

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Tracking in Secondary Schools by Jeannie Oakes Pdf

Author : Anne Wheelock
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Education
ISBN : 1565840135

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Crossing the Tracks by Anne Wheelock Pdf

Looks at schools that have abandoned tracking--ability grouping of students--and discusses parental involvement, teacher training, and curriculum reform

Author : Becky Francis,Becky Taylor,Antonina Tereshchenko
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2019-07-23
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780429791192

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Reassessing 'Ability' Grouping by Becky Francis,Becky Taylor,Antonina Tereshchenko Pdf

Presenting original quantitative and qualitative data from a large-scale empirical research project conducted in British secondary schools, Reassessing ‘Ability’ Grouping analyses the impact of attainment grouping on pupil outcomes, teacher effectiveness and social equality. Alongside a comprehensive account of existing literature and the international field, this book offers: Rigorous conceptual analysis of data A view of wider political debates on pupils' social backgrounds and educational attainment A discussion of the practicalities of classroom practice Recommendations for improved practice to maximise pupil outcomes, experiences and equity Vignettes, illustrative tables and graphs, as well as quotes from teacher interviews and pupil focus groups Addressing attainment grouping as an obstacle to raising pupil attainment, this book offers a distinctive, wide-ranging appraisal of the international field, new large-scale empirical evidence, and ‘close to practice’ attention to the practicalities and constraints of the classroom. Reassessing ‘Ability’ Grouping is an essential read for any practitioners and policymakers, as well as students engaged in the field of education and social justice.

Author : R. Shep Melnick
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-06
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780815732402

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The Transformation of Title IX by R. Shep Melnick Pdf

One civil rights-era law has reshaped American society—and contributed to the country's ongoing culture wars Few laws have had such far-reaching impact as Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. Intended to give girls and women greater access to sports programs and other courses of study in schools and colleges, the law has since been used by judges and agencies to expand a wide range of antidiscrimination policies—most recently the Obama administration’s 2016 mandates on sexual harassment and transgender rights. In this comprehensive review of how Title IX has been implemented, Boston College political science professor R. Shep Melnick analyzes how interpretations of "equal educational opportunity" have changed over the years. In terms accessible to non-lawyers, Melnick examines how Title IX has become a central part of legal and political campaigns to correct gender stereotypes, not only in academic settings but in society at large. Title IX thus has become a major factor in America's culture wars—and almost certainly will remain so for years to come.

Author : Linda Christensen,Mark Hansen,Bob Peterson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Education
ISBN : 0942961528

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Rethinking Elementary Education by Linda Christensen,Mark Hansen,Bob Peterson Pdf

Rethinking Elementary Education collects the finest writing about elementary school life and learning from 25 years of Rethinking Schools magazine. The articles in this collection offer practical insights about how to integrate the teaching of content with a social justice lens, seek wisdom from students and their families, and navigate stifling tests and mandates. Teachers and parents will find both inspiration and hope in these pages.

Author : Tom Loveless
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2011-10-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 0815720211

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The Tracking Wars by Tom Loveless Pdf

In the 1980s, a nationwide reform movement sprang up in opposition to "tracking," the controversial practice of schools grouping students by ability and organizing curriculum by level of difficulty. Officials in two states, Massachusetts and California, adopted policies urging middle schools to reduce or abandon tracking. In this book, Tom Loveless describes how schools reacted to these recommendations and discusses why some schools went along with detracking while others bitterly resisted the reform. Loveless explains that the state policies were adopted without strict mandates, financial incentives, legal threats, or new bureaucratic structures. They were also adopted without convincing evidence that detracking brings lasting benefits to students. But advocates framed tracking reform as a policy supporting greater educational equity. In response, urban schools, low-achieving schools, and schools serving disadvantaged children have reacted sympathetically to the reform. Suburban schools, high-achieving schools, and schools serving wealthier families have been less willing to detrack. Drawing on extensive survey and case study data, Loveless concludes that this reform's fate is in the hands of local decisionmakers. Schools formulate tracking policy based on their own institutional, organizational, political, and technical considerations. All school reform entails risks. One troubling implication of this study is that the risks of detracking are being assumed by schools with some of society's most vulnerable youngsters.