Accretion Of Extraterrestrial Matter Throughout Earth S History

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Accretion of Extraterrestrial Matter Throughout Earth’s History

Bernhard Peucker-Ehrenbrink,Birger Schmitz
Accretion of Extraterrestrial Matter Throughout Earth s History Book PDF

Author : Bernhard Peucker-Ehrenbrink,Birger Schmitz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781441986948

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Accretion of Extraterrestrial Matter Throughout Earth’s History by Bernhard Peucker-Ehrenbrink,Birger Schmitz Pdf

Every year Earth is bombarded with about 40,000 tons of extraterrestrial material. This includes microscopic cosmic dust particles shed by comets and asteroids in outer space, meteorites, as well as large comets and asteroids that have led to catastrophic events in the geologic past. Originally considered only a curiosity, extraterrestrial matter found on Earth provides the only samples we have from comets, asteroids and other planets. Only recently mankind has started to actively collect extraterrestrial matter in space (Apollo program, Stardust mission) rather than to wait for its delivery to Earth. Still, most of our knowledge of the origin and evolution of our solar system is based on careful studies of meteorites, cosmic dust, and traces of large impact events in the geologic record such as the mass extinction that terminated the Cretaceous Period and led to the extinction of the dinosaurs. This book summarizes our current knowledge of the properties, origin, orbital evolution and accretion mechanism of extraterrestrial matter accreted on Earth and sheds light on accretion processes and fluxes in the geologic past. The chapters in the first part of the book are arranged in order to follow extraterrestrial matter from its origin in space, its orbital evolution on its way to Earth, its interaction with the Earth magnetosphere and atmosphere to its more or less violent collision with the Earth's surface. In the second part of the book several chapters deal with the present?day flux of cosmic dust and meteorites to Earth. Finally, several chapters deal with the reconstruction of the accretion history of extraterrestrial matter on Earth, starting with the most recent geologic past and ending with the very early, violent accretion period shortly after the formation of Earth, Moon and other solid planets in our solar system.

Asteroids III

William Frederick Bottke
Asteroids III Book PDF

Author : William Frederick Bottke
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
Page : 818 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0816522812

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Asteroids III by William Frederick Bottke Pdf

Two hundred years after the first asteroid was discovered, asteroids can no longer be considered mere points of light in the sky. Spacecraft missions, advanced Earth-based observation techniques, and state-of-the-art numerical models are continually revealing the detailed shapes, structures, geological properties, and orbital characteristics of these smaller denizens of our solar system. This volume brings together the latest information obtained by spacecraft combined with astronomical observations and theoretical modeling, to present our best current understanding of asteroids and the clues they reveal for the origin an,d evolution of the solar system. This collective knowledge, prepared by a team of more than one hundred international authorities on asteroids, includes new insights into asteroid-meteorite connections, possible relationships with comets, and the hazards posed by asteroids colliding with Earth. The book's contents include reports on surveys based on remote observation and summaries of physical properties; results of in situ exploration; studies of dynamical, collisional, cosmochemical, and weathering evolutionary processes; and discussions of asteroid families and the relationships between asteroids and other solar system bodies. Two previous Space Science Series volumes have established standards for research into asteroids. Asteroids III carries that tradition forward in a book that will stand as the definitive source on its subject for the next decade.

The Late Eocene Earth

Christian Koeberl,Alessandro Montanari
The Late Eocene Earth Book PDF

Author : Christian Koeberl,Alessandro Montanari
Publisher : Geological Society of America
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780813724522

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The Late Eocene Earth by Christian Koeberl,Alessandro Montanari Pdf

The Late Eocene and the Eocene-Oligocene (E-O) transition mark the most profound oceanographic and climatic changes of the past 50 million years of Earth history, with cooling beginning in the middle Eocene and culminating in the major earliest Oligocene Oi-1 isotopic event. The Late Eocene is characterized by an accelerated global cooling, with a sharp temperature drop near the E-O boundary, and significant stepwise floral and faunal turnovers. These global climate changes are commonly attributed to the expansion of the Antarctic ice cap following its gradual isolation from other continental masses. However, multiple extraterrestrial bolide impacts, possibly related to a comet shower that lasted more than 2 million years, may have played an important role in deteriorating the global climate at that time. This book provides an up-to-date review of what happened on Earth at the end of the Eocene Epoch.

Water in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals

Hans Keppler,Joseph R. Smyth
Water in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals Book PDF

Author : Hans Keppler,Joseph R. Smyth
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-12-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781501509476

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Water in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals by Hans Keppler,Joseph R. Smyth Pdf

Volume 62 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry reviews the recent research in the geochemistry and mineral physics of hydrogen in the principal mineral phases of the Earth's crust and mantle. Contents: Analytical Methods for Measuring Water in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals The Structure of Hydrous Species in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals: Information from Polarized IR Spectroscopy Structural Studies of OH in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals Using NMR Atomistic Models of OH Defects in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals Hydrogen in High Pressure Silicate and Oxide Mineral Structures Water in Nominally Anhydrous Crustal Minerals: Speciation, Concentration, and Geologic Significance Water in Natural Mantle Minerals I: Pyroxenes Water in Natural Mantle Minerals II: Olivine, Garnet and Accessory Minerals Thermodynamics of Water Solubility and Partitioning The Partitioning of Water Between Nominally Anhydrous Minerals and Silicate Melts The Stability of Hydrous Mantle Phases Hydrous Phases and Water Transport in the Subducting Slab Diffusion of Hydrogen in Minerals Effect of Water on the Equation of State of Nominally Anhydrous Minerals Remote Sensing of Hydrogen in Earth's Mantle

Comets and the Origin and Evolution of Life

Paul J. Thomas,Roland D. Hicks,Christopher F. Chyba,Christopher P. McKay
Comets and the Origin and Evolution of Life Book PDF

Author : Paul J. Thomas,Roland D. Hicks,Christopher F. Chyba,Christopher P. McKay
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2006-08-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540330882

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Comets and the Origin and Evolution of Life by Paul J. Thomas,Roland D. Hicks,Christopher F. Chyba,Christopher P. McKay Pdf

This volume considers the role comets may have played in the origins and evolution of life. This is the only book dealing in depth with this subject. It is particularly relevant in light of recent investigations of Halley's comet, of new insights into organic synthesis in meteorites and comets, and of new results of numerical simulations of cometary orbits and impacts on Earth. The book is intended as a comprehensive review of current research.

Meteorites and the Early Solar System II

Dante S. Lauretta,Harry Y. McSween
Meteorites and the Early Solar System II Book PDF

Author : Dante S. Lauretta,Harry Y. McSween
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
Page : 992 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2006-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 0816525625

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Meteorites and the Early Solar System II by Dante S. Lauretta,Harry Y. McSween Pdf

They range in size from microscopic particles to masses of many tons. The geologic diversity of asteroids and other rocky bodies of the solar system are displayed in the enormous variety of textures and mineralogies observed in meteorites. The composition, chemistry, and mineralogy of primitive meteorites collectively provide evidence for a wide variety of chemical and physical processes. This book synthesizes our current understanding of the early solar system, summarizing information about processes that occurred before its formation. It will be valuable as a textbook for graduate education in planetary science and as a reference for meteoriticists and researchers in allied fields worldwide.

Processes on the Early Earth

W. U. Reimold,Roger Lawrence Gibson
Processes on the Early Earth Book PDF

Author : W. U. Reimold,Roger Lawrence Gibson
Publisher : Geological Society of America
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780813724058

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Processes on the Early Earth by W. U. Reimold,Roger Lawrence Gibson Pdf

"This Special Paper presents a collection of 19 papers contributed to a joint Field Forum organized by the Geological Society of America and the Geological Society of South Africa in July 2004 in the Barberton Greenstone Belt and the Vredefort Dome, South Africa. The papers cover a wide variety of themes, including Archean and Proterozoic crust formation and geodynamics (with an appraisal of evidence of Archean subduction processes); the significance of impacts in the evolution of the early Earth's crust; traces of early life in Archean environments of Australia and South Africa and related studies of depositional environments; and processes affecting the giant Witwatersrand gold deposit."--Publisher's website.

Meteorites

Robert Hutchison
Meteorites Book PDF

Author : Robert Hutchison
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521035392

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Meteorites by Robert Hutchison Pdf

Introduction to meteorites and many of their properties.

The Noble Gases as Geochemical Tracers

Pete Burnard
The Noble Gases as Geochemical Tracers Book PDF

Author : Pete Burnard
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642288364

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The Noble Gases as Geochemical Tracers by Pete Burnard Pdf

The twelve chapters of this volume aim to provide a complete manual for using noble gases in terrestrial geochemistry, covering applications which range from high temperature processes deep in the Earth’s interior to tracing climatic variations using noble gases trapped in ice cores, groundwaters and modern sediments. Other chapters cover noble gases in crustal (aqueous, CO2 and hydrocarbon) fluids and laboratory techniques for determining noble gas solubilities and diffusivities under geologically relevant conditions. Each chapter deals with the fundamentals of the analysis and interpretation of the data, detailing sampling and sampling strategies, techniques for analysis, sources of error and their estimation, including data treatment and data interpretation using recent case studies.

Interplanetary Dust

Eberhard Grün,Bo A.S. Gustafson,Stan. Dermott,Hugo Fechtig
Interplanetary Dust Book PDF

Author : Eberhard Grün,Bo A.S. Gustafson,Stan. Dermott,Hugo Fechtig
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 846 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2001-07-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 3540420673

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Interplanetary Dust by Eberhard Grün,Bo A.S. Gustafson,Stan. Dermott,Hugo Fechtig Pdf

An excellent handbook on the physics of interplanetary dust, a topic of interest not only to astronomers and space scientists but also to engineers. The following topics are covered in the book: historical perspectives; cometary dust; near-Earth environment; meteoroids and meteors; properties of interplanetary dust, information from collected samples; in situ measurements of cosmic dust; numerical modeling of the Zodiacal Cloud structure; synthesis of observations; instrumentation; physical processes; optical properties of interplanetary dust; orbital evolution of interplanetary dust; circumplanetary dust, observations and simple physics; interstellar dust and circumstellar dust disks. No doubt, the text will be regarded as the standard reference on interplanetary dust for many years to come.

The Geologic Time Scale 2012

Felix Gradstein,J.G. Ogg,Mark D. Schmitz,Gabi M. Ogg
The Geologic Time Scale 2012 Book PDF

Author : Felix Gradstein,J.G. Ogg,Mark D. Schmitz,Gabi M. Ogg
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 1175 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2012-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780444594488

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The Geologic Time Scale 2012 by Felix Gradstein,J.G. Ogg,Mark D. Schmitz,Gabi M. Ogg Pdf

The Geologic Time Scale 2012, winner of a 2012 PROSE Award Honorable Mention for Best Multi-volume Reference in Science from the Association of American Publishers, is the framework for deciphering the history of our planet Earth. The authors have been at the forefront of chronostratigraphic research and initiatives to create an international geologic time scale for many years, and the charts in this book present the most up-to-date, international standard, as ratified by the International Commission on Stratigraphy and the International Union of Geological Sciences. This 2012 geologic time scale is an enhanced, improved and expanded version of the GTS2004, including chapters on planetary scales, the Cryogenian-Ediacaran periods/systems, a prehistory scale of human development, a survey of sequence stratigraphy, and an extensive compilation of stable-isotope chemostratigraphy. This book is an essential reference for all geoscientists, including researchers, students, and petroleum and mining professionals. The presentation is non-technical and illustrated with numerous colour charts, maps and photographs. The book also includes a detachable wall chart of the complete time scale for use as a handy reference in the office, laboratory or field. The most detailed international geologic time scale available that contextualizes information in one single reference for quick desktop access Gives insights in the construction, strengths, and limitations of the geological time scale that greatly enhances its function and its utility Aids understanding by combining with the mathematical and statistical methods to scaled composites of global succession of events Meets the needs of a range of users at various points in the workflow (researchers extracting linear time from rock records, students recognizing the geologic stage by their content)

Origin of the Earth and Moon

Robin M. Canup,Kevin Righter
Origin of the Earth and Moon Book PDF

Author : Robin M. Canup,Kevin Righter
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2000-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 0816520739

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Origin of the Earth and Moon by Robin M. Canup,Kevin Righter Pdf

The age-old question of how our home planet and its satellite originated has in recent times undergone a minor revolution. The emergence of the "giant impact theory" as the most successful model for the origin of the Moon has been difficult to reconcile with some aspects of the Earth, and the development of an integrated model for the origin of the Earth-Moon system has been difficult for this reason. However, recent technical advances in experimental and isotopic work, together with intensified interest in the modeling of planetary dynamics, have produced a wealth of new results requiring a rethinking of models for the origin of the Earth and Moon. This book is intended to serve as a resource for those scientists working closely in this field, while at the same time it provides enough balance and depth to offer an introduction for students or technically minded general readers. Its thirty chapters address isotopic and chemical constraints on accretion, the dynamics of terrestrial planet formation, the impact-triggered formation of the Earth-Moon system, differentiation of the Earth and Moon, the origin of terrestrial volatiles, and conditions on the young Earth and Moon. Covering such subjects as the history and origin of the Moon's orbit, water on the Earth, and the implications of Earth-Moon interactions for terrestrial climate and life, the book constitutes a state-of-the-art overview of the most recent investigations in the field. Although many advances have been made in our ability to evaluate competing models of the formation of the Earth-Moon system, there are still many gaps in our understanding. This book makes great strides toward closing those gaps by highlighting the extensive progress that has been made and pointing toward future research.

Comet/Asteroid Impacts and Human Society

Peter T. Bobrowsky,Hans Rickman
Comet Asteroid Impacts and Human Society Book PDF

Author : Peter T. Bobrowsky,Hans Rickman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 546 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2007-06-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540327110

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Comet/Asteroid Impacts and Human Society by Peter T. Bobrowsky,Hans Rickman Pdf

Leading specialists in various disciplines were first invited to a multidisciplinary workshop funded by ICSU on the topic to gain a better appreciation and perspective on the subject of comet/asteroid impacts as viewed by different disciplines. This volume provides a necessary link between various disciplines and comet/asteroid impacts.

Principles of Radiometric Dating

Kunchithapadam Gopalan
Principles of Radiometric Dating Book PDF

Author : Kunchithapadam Gopalan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2017-05-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107198739

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Principles of Radiometric Dating by Kunchithapadam Gopalan Pdf

Focussing on the basic principles of radiometric dating, this book offers detailed descriptions of meteorites and measurement techniques.

Adaption of Microbial Life to Environmental Extremes

Helga Stan-Lotter,Sergiu Fendrihan
Adaption of Microbial Life to Environmental Extremes Book PDF

Author : Helga Stan-Lotter,Sergiu Fendrihan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319483276

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Adaption of Microbial Life to Environmental Extremes by Helga Stan-Lotter,Sergiu Fendrihan Pdf

This entirely updated second edition provides an overview on the biology, ecology and biodiversity of extremophiles. Unusual and less explored ecosystems inhabited by extremophiles such as marine hypersaline deeps, extreme cold, desert sands, and man-made clean rooms for spacecraft assembly are presented. An additional focus is put on the role of these highly specialized microorganism in applied research fields, ranging from biotechnology and nanotechnology to astrobiology. Examples such as novel psychrophilic enzymes, compounds from halophiles, and detection strategies for potential extraterrestrial life forms are discussed in detail. The book addresses researchers and advanced students in the fields of microbiology, microbial ecology and biotechnology.