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Acoustics of American English Speech by Joseph P. Olive,Alice Greenwood,John Coleman Pdf
This book presents the most contemporary and comprehensive description of the acoustics of the sounds used in American English. Intended to serve as an introductory text for students and professionals interested in acoustic phonetics, linguistics, physics, electrical engineering, and computer science, the authors bring to the subject the points of view of both linguistics and physics. The book uses numerous examples of acoustic spectrograms to show the continuities and variability of natural speech. The book begins by introducing the basic concepts of phonetics, phonology, and linguistics to readers whose background is in physics or engineering and introducing the physics of sound generation and analysis for speech scientists and linguists. The authors then use the tools developed in the first part to examine the characteristics of individual phonemes as well as the changes introduced when individual sounds are combined in speech. Modern applications of speech acoustics, especially speech synthesis and recognition, are also discussed.
Techniques in Speech Acoustics by J. Harrington,S. Cassidy Pdf
Techniques in Speech Acoustics provides an introduction to the acoustic analysis and characteristics of speech sounds. The first part of the book covers aspects of the source-filter decomposition of speech, spectrographic analysis, the acoustic theory of speech production and acoustic phonetic cues. The second part is based on computational techniques for analysing the acoustic speech signal including digital time and frequency analyses, formant synthesis, and the linear predictive coding of speech. There is also an introductory chapter on the classification of acoustic speech signals which is relevant to aspects of automatic speech and talker recognition. The book intended for use as teaching materials on undergraduate and postgraduate speech acoustics and experimental phonetics courses; also aimed at researchers from phonetics, linguistics, computer science, psychology and engineering who wish to gain an understanding of the basis of speech acoustics and its application to fields such as speech synthesis and automatic speech recognition.
The Acoustic Analysis of Speech by Raymond D. Kent,Charles Read Pdf
The Acoustic Analysis Of Speech presents essential information on modern methods for the acoustic analysis of speech. It assumes only a modest technical background and is intended for the reader who wants to know the basic issues in speech analysis but does not have an extensive background in engineering, physics or mathematics. The book discusses the basic methods for the acoustic analysis of speech in relation to (a) the acoustic theory of speech production and (b) measures of primary interest to speech scientists, speech-language pathologists, linguists, psychologists or others who are interested in the acoustic signal of speech. Readers will gain an understanding of theory, methods and databases pertaining to speech acoustics. The book offers a simple and straightforward explanation of all aspects of acoustic analysis from recording the signal, to analysis methods, to sources of data on phonetic and suprasegmental aspects of speech. Includes reference to acoustic data for several languages in addition to English. The book is written at a general introductory level for course in Speech Science; Speech Acoustics; Experimental Phonetics and Laboratory Instrumentation for Speech and Hearing.
This book presents a theory of speech-sound generation in the human vocal system. This book presents a theory of speech-sound generation in the human vocal system. The comprehensive acoustic theory serves as one basis for defining categories of speech sounds used to form distinctions between words in languages. The author begins with a review of the anatomy and physiology of speech production, then covers source mechanisms, the vocal tract as an acoustic filter, relevant aspects of auditory psychophysics and physiology, and phonological representations. In the remaining chapters he presents a detailed examination of vowels, consonants, and the influence of context on speech-sound production. Although he focuses mainly on the sounds of English, he touches briefly on sounds in other languages. The book will serve as a reference for speech scientists, speech pathologists, linguists interested in phonetics and phonology, psychologists interested in speech perception and production, and engineers concerned with speech processing applications.
Consonantal Sound Change in American English by Wiebke H. Ahlers Pdf
Research on sound change often focuses on vowels, yet consonantal sound change also offers fascinating insights into language development and variation. This pioneering book provides a detailed investigation of consonantal sound change in English, by analyzing a large corpus of specifically designed field recordings from Austin, Texas. It offers one of the most in-depth analyses of /str/-retraction to date, drawing comparisons with studies of change in the distinguishing phonetic features of other varieties of English, and with studies of /str/-retraction in other Germanic languages. It further deepens our understanding of sound change by including qualitative data to position the sound change in the social reality of Austin, showing that specific sound changes are universally driven by age, gender and ethnicity. The results provide a testing ground for models of sociolinguistic and sound change, and highlight the importance of the social fabric of language in modeling language change.
Author : Keith Johnson Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 277 pages File Size : 42,5 Mb Release : 2011-07-15 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines ISBN : 9781444343083
Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics by Keith Johnson Pdf
Fully revised and expanded, the third edition of Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics maintains a balance of accessibility and scholarly rigor to provide students with a complete introduction to the physics of speech. Newly updated to reflect the latest advances in the field Features a balanced and student-friendly approach to speech, with engaging side-bars on related topics Includes suggested readings and exercises designed to review and expand upon the material in each chapter, complete with selected answers Presents a new chapter on speech perception that addresses theoretical issues as well as practical concerns
Relevant Acoustic Phonetics of L2 English by Ettien Koffi Pdf
Intelligibility is the ultimate goal of human communication. However, measuring it objectively remained elusive until the 1940s when physicist Harvey Fletcher pioneered a psychoacoustic methodology for doing so. Another physicist, von Bekesy, demonstrated clinically that Fletcher’s theory of Critical Bands was anchored in anatomical and auditory reality. Fletcher’s and Bekesy’s approach to intelligibility has revolutionized contemporary understanding of the processes involved in encoding and decoding speech signals. Their insights are applied in this book to account for the intelligibility of the pronunciation of 67 non-native speakers from the following language backgrounds –10 Arabic, 10 Japanese, 10 Korean, 10 Mandarin, 11 Serbian and Croatian "the Slavic Group," 6 Somali, and 10 Spanish speakers who read the Speech Accent Archive elicitation paragraph. Their pronunciation is analyzed instrumentally and compared and contrasted with that of 10 native speakers of General American English (GAE) who read the same paragraph. The data-driven intelligibility analyses proposed in this book help answer the following questions: Can L2 speakers of English whose native language lacks a segment/segments or a suprasegment/ suprasegments manage to produce it/them intelligibly? If they cannot, what segments or suprasegments do they use to substitute for it/them? Do the compensatory strategies used interfere with intelligibility? The findings reported in this book are based on nearly 12,000 measured speech tokens produced by all the participants. This includes some 2,000 vowels, more than 500 stop consonants, over 3,000 fricatives, nearly 1,200 nasals, about 1,500 approximants, a over 1,200 syllables onsets, as many as 800 syllable codas, more than 1,600 measurement of F0/pitch, and duration measurements of no fewer than 539 disyllabic words. These measurements are in keeping with Baken and Orlikoff (2000:3) and in accordance with widely accepted Just Noticeable Difference thresholds, and relative functional load calculations provided by Catforda (1987).
Author : Ian R. A. MacKay Publisher : Pearson Higher Ed Page : 323 pages File Size : 50,7 Mb Release : 2013-09-09 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780133391077
Acoustics in Hearing, Speech and Language Sciences by Ian R. A. MacKay Pdf
This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. Acoustics in Hearing, Speech, and Language Sciences: An Introduction gives readers a clear, comprehensive understanding of acoustics in the context of human communications through examples and analogies from everyday life or general experience. Mathematically the book stops short of calculus, using inductive reasoning to present material that can be proven only with calculus, and presenting multiple examples of mathematical calculations, with very explicit steps. Included are Questions and Problems sections focusing on often-misunderstood areas; Closer Look sections reinforcing and strengthening understanding of the material; and non-conventional, but scientifically accurate explanations of certain phenomena.
Phonological Characteristics of American English by Dominik Borner,Eva Neubert Pdf
Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Bamberg, course: Proseminar: English Varieties, 13 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction Even to non-native speakers of the English language it is in most cases an easy task to differentiate between British and American native speakers by listening to their pronunciation. In this term paper the most characteristic phonological features of American English will be named and explained and an overview of the variety of dialects within the United States will be provided. This can be done best by using British Standard English – also known as Received Pronunciation (RP) – as reference accent and pointing out the differences to American English. 2. General American However, it is hard to work with the term American English when doing a phonological analysis of American speech since it covers a broad spectrum of different dialects. For this reason the term General American (GA), which is widely used and preferred by most linguists today, will be introduced and worked with. General American can be seen as the Standard English of North America, but in contrast to Received Pronunciation, it is not defined by social reputation or a specific geographical origin. Throughout the United States one can not really find a socially preferred accent that is commonly recognized as the standard pronunciation. There have been several different approaches to defining a Standard English for the USA and in this paper General American will be used in means of a range of accents that do not exhibit any of the North-Eastern or Southern features which “are perceived as regional by the majority of American speakers.” One has to keep in mind that GA is not “a single and totally homogeneous accent. But since its internal variation is mainly a matter of differences in the phonetic realizations of a system of phonemes that is by and large shared by all GA speakers, the generalization expressed in the notion ‘General American’ is useful in phonological terms.”
Author : Gunnar Fant Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 334 pages File Size : 43,7 Mb Release : 2006-01-05 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines ISBN : 9781402027901
This book assembles major writings in speech production and phonetics of the pioneering Gunnar Fant, along with his more recent work on speech prosody. The book reviews the stages of the speech chain, covering production, speech data analysis and speech perception. 19 selected articles are grouped in 6 chapters, including a historical outline plus Speech production and synthesis; The voice source; Speech analysis and features; Speech perception; Prosody.
Speech and Voice Science, Fourth Edition by Alison Behrman Pdf
Speech and Voice Science, Fourth Edition is the only textbook to provide comprehensive and detailed information on both voice source and vocal tract contributions to speech production. In addition, it is the only textbook to address dialectical and nonnative language differences in vowel and consonant production, bias in perception of speaker identity, and prosody (suprasegmental features) in detail. With the new edition, clinical application is integrated throughout the text. Due to its highly readable writing style being user-friendly for all levels of students, instructors report using this book for a wide variety of courses, including undergraduate and graduate courses in acoustic phonetics, speech science, instrumentation, and voice disorders. Heavily revised and updated, this fourth edition offers multiple new resources for instructors and students to enhance classroom learning and active student participation. At the same time, this text provides flexibility to allow instructors to construct a classroom learning experience that best suits their course objectives. Speech and Voice Science now has an accompanying workbook for students by Alison Behrman and Donald Finan! New to the Fourth Edition: * Sixteen new illustrations and nineteen revised illustrations, many now in color * New coverage of topics related to diversity, including: * Dialectical and nonnative language differences in vowel and consonant production and what makes all of us have an “accent” (Chapter 7—Vowels and Chapter 8—Consonants) * How suprasegmental features are shaped by dialect and accent (Chapter 9—Prosody) * Perception of speaker identity, including race/ethnicity, gender, and accent (Chapter 11– Speech Perception) * Increased focus on clinical application throughout each chapter, including three new sections * Updated Chapter 4 (Breathing) includes enhanced discussion of speech breathing and new accompanying illustrations. * Updated Chapter 10 (Theories of Speech Production) now includes the DIVA Model, motor learning theory, and clinical applications * Updated Chapter 11 (Speech Perception) now includes revised Motor Learning theory, Mirror Neurons, and clinical applications *Expanded guide for students on best practices for studying in Chapter 1(Introduction) Key Features: * A two-color interior to provide increased readability * Heavily illustrated, including color figures, to enhance information provided in the text * Forty-nine spectrogram figures provide increased clarity of key acoustic features of vowels and consonants * Fourteen clinical cases throughout the book to help students apply speech science principles to clinical practice Disclaimer: Please note that ancillary content (such as documents, audio, and video, etc.) may not be included as published in the original print version of this book.
Speech Physiology, Speech Perception, and Acoustic Phonetics by Philip Lieberman,Sheila E. Blumstein Pdf
This analysis of speech ranges from clarifying physiological, biological and neurological bases of speech through defining the principles of electrical and computer models of speech production.