Advanced Concepts For Renewable Energy Supply Of Data Centres

Author : Jaume Salom,Thorsten Urbaneck,Eduard Oró
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000799354

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Advanced Concepts for Renewable Energy Supply of Data Centres by Jaume Salom,Thorsten Urbaneck,Eduard Oró Pdf

The rapid increase of cloud computing, high performance computing (HPC) and the vast growth in Internet and Social Media use have aroused the interest in energy consumption and the carbon footprint of Data Centres. Data Centres primarily contain electronic equipment used for data processing (servers), data storage (storage equipment), and communications (network equipment). Collectively, this equipment processes, stores, and transmits digital information and is known as information technology (IT) equipment. Advanced Concepts for Renewable Energy Supply of Data Centres introduces a number of technical solutions for the supply of power and cooling energy into Data Centres with enhanced utilisation of renewable energy sources in order to achieve low energy Data Centres. Because of the high energy density nature of these unique infrastructures, it is essential to implement energy efficiency measures and reduce consumption before introducing any renewable energy source. A holistic approach is used with the objective of integrating many technical solutions such as management of the IT (Information Technology) load, efficient electrical supply to the IT systems, Low-Ex air-conditioning systems, interaction with district heating and cooling networks, re-use of heat, free cooling (air, seawater, groundwater), optimal use of heat and cold storage, electrical storage and integration in smart grids. This book is therefore a catalogue of advanced technical concepts that could be integrated into Data Centres portfolio in order to increase the overall efficiency and the share of renewable energies in power and cooling supply. Based on dynamic energy models implemented in TRNSYS some concepts are deeply evaluated through yearly simulations. The results of the simulation are illustrated with Sankey charts, where the energy flows per year within the subsystems of each concept for a selected scenario are shown, and graphs showing the results of parametric analysis. A set of environmental metrics (as the non-renewable primary energy) and financial metrics (CAPEX and OPEX) as well of energy efficiency metrics like the well-known PUE, are described and used to evaluate the different technical concepts.

Author : Jaume Salom,Thorsten Urbaneck,Eduard Oró
Publisher : River Publishers
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2017-06-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9788793519428

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Advanced Concepts for Renewable Energy Supply of Data Centres by Jaume Salom,Thorsten Urbaneck,Eduard Oró Pdf

The rapid increase of cloud computing, high performance computing (HPC) and the vast growth in Internet and Social Media use have aroused the interest in energy consumption and the carbon footprint of Data Centres. Data Centres primarily contain electronic equipment used for data processing (servers), data storage (storage equipment), and communications (network equipment). Collectively, this equipment processes, stores, and transmits digital information and is known as information technology (IT) equipment. Advanced Concepts for Renewable Energy Supply of Data Centres introduces a number of technical solutions for the supply of power and cooling energy into Data Centres with enhanced utilisation of renewable energy sources in order to achieve low energy Data Centres. Because of the high energy density nature of these unique infrastructures, it is essential to implement energy efficiency measures and reduce consumption before introducing any renewable energy source. A holistic approach is used with the objective of integrating many technical solutions such as management of the IT (Information Technology) load, efficient electrical supply to the IT systems, Low-Ex air-conditioning systems, interaction with district heating and cooling networks, re-use of heat, free cooling (air, seawater, groundwater), optimal use of heat and cold storage, electrical storage and integration in smart grids. This book is therefore a catalogue of advanced technical concepts that could be integrated into Data Centres portfolio in order to increase the overall efficiency and the share of renewable energies in power and cooling supply. Based on dynamic energy models implemented in TRNSYS some concepts are deeply evaluated through yearly simulations. The results of the simulation are illustrated with Sankey charts, where the energy flows per year within the subsystems of each concept for a selected scenario are shown, and graphs showing the results of parametric analysis. A set of environmental metrics (as the non-renewable primary energy) and financial metrics (CAPEX and OPEX) as well of energy efficiency metrics like the well-known PUE, are described and used to evaluate the different technical concepts.

Author : Sonja Klingert
Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2020-12-03
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783736963306

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Evaluating Demand Response Opportunities for Data Centers by Sonja Klingert Pdf

Data center demand response is a solution to a problem that is just recently emerging: Today’s energy system is undergoing major transformations due to the increasing shares of intermittent renewable power sources as solar and wind. As the power grid physically requires balancing power feed-in and power draw at all times, traditionally, power generation plants with short ramp-up times were activated to avoid grid imbalances. Additionally, so-called demand response schemes may incentivize power consumers to manipulate their planned power profile in order to activate hidden sources of flexibility. The data center industry has been identified as a suitable candidate for demand response as it is continuously growing and relies on highly automated processes. The presented thesis exceeds the related work by creating a framework for modeling data center demand response on a high level of abstraction that allows subsuming a great variety of specific models. Based on a generic architecture of demand response enabled data centers this is formalized through a micro-economics inspired optimization framework that generates technical power flex functions and an associated cost and market skeleton. This is evaluated through a simulation based on 2014 data from a real HPC data center in Germany, implementing two power management strategies, namely temporal workload shifting and manipulating the CPU frequency. The flexibility extracted is then monetized on two German electricity markets. As a result, in 2014 this data center would have achieved the largest benefit by changing from static electricity pricing to dynamic EPEX prices without changing their power profile. Through demand response they might have created an additional gross benefit of 4% of the power bill on the secondary reserve market. In a sensitivity analysis, however, it could be shown that these results are largely dependent on specific parameters as service level agreements and job heterogeneity. The results show that even though concrete simulations can evaluate demand response activities of individual data centers, the proposed modeling framework helps to understand their relevance from a system-wide viewpoint.

Author : Ahmed F Zobaa,Junwei Cao
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2020-06-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030454531

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Energy Internet by Ahmed F Zobaa,Junwei Cao Pdf

This textbook is the first of its kind to comprehensively describe the energy Internet, a vast network that efficiently supplies electricity to anyone anywhere and is an internet based wide area network for information and energy fusion. The chapters are organized into five parts: Architecture and Design, Energy Switching and Routing, Information and Communication, Energy Management Systems and Energy Market and Trading, and capture the spectrum of this exponential transformation, while also presenting the plethora of open problems that this transformation poses for researchers from mixed academic backgrounds. The scope includes key technologies on distributed energy sources, microgrids, energy storage, solar and wind energy, power grid, smart grid, power quality, power electronics, data centers, distributed computing and networking, cloud computing and big data, and software-defined networking. The book presents the basic principles of energy internet and emphasizes the current research trends in the field of energy Internet at an advanced level. It includes instructor materials, case-studies, and worked examples throughout. This is an ideal resource for students in advanced graduate-level courses and special topics in energy, information and control systems, and is a useful tool for utility engineers who seek an intuitive understanding of the emerging applications of energy Internet.

Author : Charles Nehme
Publisher : Charles Nehme
Page : 47 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Data Center Electrical Design by Charles Nehme Pdf

Data centers have become the backbone of our modern digital world, powering the vast array of applications and services that we rely on daily. These critical infrastructures demand a comprehensive and robust electrical design to ensure reliable power delivery and minimize downtime. This book delves into the intricacies of data center electrical design, providing a comprehensive guide for engineers, architects, and IT professionals involved in the planning, design, and implementation of these critical systems. The book begins by introducing the fundamental principles of data center electrical design, emphasizing the importance of aligning electrical systems with the overall objectives and requirements of the data center. It then delves into the intricacies of data center electrical system components, covering primary infrastructure, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), power distribution units (PDUs), and cabling and wiring systems. Subsequent chapters explore the design of power distribution architectures, covering tiered power distribution schemes, scalability considerations, and redundancy and failover strategies. The book then shifts focus to the critical aspects of reliability and efficiency in data center electrical design. It examines power quality issues, fault tolerance measures, energy efficiency strategies, environmental considerations, and sustainable solutions. The following chapters introduce the tools and processes employed in data center electrical design. This includes exploring electrical design software packages, 3D modeling and simulation tools, compliance with relevant electrical codes and standards, and the peer review and approval process. To illustrate the practical application of these concepts, the book presents case studies of designing data center electrical systems for high-performance computing (HPC) facilities and implementing sustainable data center electrical designs. Finally, it explores the emerging trends in data center electrical design, including the integration of renewable energy sources, energy storage solutions, advanced metering and monitoring capabilities, data-driven optimization, and predictive maintenance strategies. This book is intended to serve as a valuable resource for engineers, architects, and IT professionals seeking a comprehensive understanding of data center electrical design. It provides a practical and well-structured guide, covering the fundamental principles, design considerations, and emerging technologies shaping the future of this critical domain.

Author : Albert Thumann,William J. Younger
Publisher : The Fairmont Press, Inc.
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780881734232

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Handbook of Energy Audits by Albert Thumann,William J. Younger Pdf

Now there is a comprehensive reference to provide tools on implementing an energy audit for any type of facility. Containing forms, checklists and handy working aids, this book is for anyone implementing an energy audit. Accounting procedures, rate of return, analysis and software programs are included to provide evaluation tools for audit recommendations. Technologies for electrical, mechanical and building systems are covered in detail.

Author : Advancing Renewable Energy Technologies Committee
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1523144645

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Renewable Energy Technologies and Water Infrastructure by Advancing Renewable Energy Technologies Committee Pdf

Renewable Energy Technologies and Water Infrastructureprovides an in-depth look at policy, regulation, and the development and application of renewable energy technologies to existing water infrastructure.

Author : Ozan Erdinc,Akin Tascıkaraoglu
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780081025932

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Pathways to a Smarter Power System by Ozan Erdinc,Akin Tascıkaraoglu Pdf

Pathways to a Smarter Power System studies different concepts within smart grids that are used in both industry and system regulators (e.g. distribution and transmission system operators) and research. This book covers these concepts from multiple perspectives and in multiple contexts, presenting detailed technical information on renewable energy systems, distributed generation and energy storage units, methods to activate the demand side of power systems, market structure needs, and advanced planning concepts and new operational requirements, specifically for power system protection, technological evolvements, and requirements regarding technology in ICT, power electronics and control areas. This book provides energy researchers and engineers with an indispensable guide on how to apply wider perspectives to the different technological and conceptual requirements of a smarter power system. Includes concepts regarding conceptual and technological needs and investment planning suggestions for smart grid enabling strategies Contains new electric power system operational concepts required by industry, along with R&D studies addressing new solutions to potential operational problems Covers pathways to smarter power systems from successful existing examples to expected short, medium and long-term possibilities

Author : Ibrahim Dincer,Calin Zamfirescu
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014-07-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780123838612

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Advanced Power Generation Systems by Ibrahim Dincer,Calin Zamfirescu Pdf

Advanced Power Generation Systems examines the full range of advanced multiple output thermodynamic cycles that can enable more sustainable and efficient power production from traditional methods, as well as driving the significant gains available from renewable sources. These advanced cycles can harness the by-products of one power generation effort, such as electricity production, to simultaneously create additional energy outputs, such as heat or refrigeration. Gas turbine-based, and industrial waste heat recovery-based combined, cogeneration, and trigeneration cycles are considered in depth, along with Syngas combustion engines, hybrid SOFC/gas turbine engines, and other thermodynamically efficient and environmentally conscious generation technologies. The uses of solar power, biomass, hydrogen, and fuel cells in advanced power generation are considered, within both hybrid and dedicated systems. The detailed energy and exergy analysis of each type of system provided by globally recognized author Dr. Ibrahim Dincer will inform effective and efficient design choices, while emphasizing the pivotal role of new methodologies and models for performance assessment of existing systems. This unique resource gathers information from thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and energy system design to provide a single-source guide to solving practical power engineering problems. The only complete source of info on the whole array of multiple output thermodynamic cycles, covering all the design options for environmentally-conscious combined production of electric power, heat, and refrigeration Offers crucial instruction on realizing more efficiency in traditional power generation systems, and on implementing renewable technologies, including solar, hydrogen, fuel cells, and biomass Each cycle description clarified through schematic diagrams, and linked to sustainable development scenarios through detailed energy, exergy, and efficiency analyses Case studies and examples demonstrate how novel systems and performance assessment methods function in practice

Author : Charles Nehme
Publisher : Independently Published
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2024-01-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9798876212177

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Data Center Electrical Design by Charles Nehme Pdf

Data centers have become the backbone of our modern digital world, powering the vast array of applications and services that we rely on daily. These critical infrastructures demand a comprehensive and robust electrical design to ensure reliable power delivery and minimize downtime. This book delves into the intricacies of data center electrical design, providing a comprehensive guide for engineers, architects, and IT professionals involved in the planning, design, and implementation of these critical systems. The book begins by introducing the fundamental principles of data center electrical design, emphasizing the importance of aligning electrical systems with the overall objectives and requirements of the data center. It then delves into the intricacies of data center electrical system components, covering primary infrastructure, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), power distribution units (PDUs), and cabling and wiring systems. Subsequent chapters explore the design of power distribution architectures, covering tiered power distribution schemes, scalability considerations, and redundancy and failover strategies. The book then shifts focus to the critical aspects of reliability and efficiency in data center electrical design. It examines power quality issues, fault tolerance measures, energy efficiency strategies, environmental considerations, and sustainable solutions. The following chapters introduce the tools and processes employed in data center electrical design. This includes exploring electrical design software packages, 3D modeling and simulation tools, compliance with relevant electrical codes and standards, and the peer review and approval process. To illustrate the practical application of these concepts, the book presents case studies of designing data center electrical systems for high-performance computing (HPC) facilities and implementing sustainable data center electrical designs. Finally, it explores the emerging trends in data center electrical design, including the integration of renewable energy sources, energy storage solutions, advanced metering and monitoring capabilities, data-driven optimization, and predictive maintenance strategies. This book is intended to serve as a valuable resource for engineers, architects, and IT professionals seeking a comprehensive understanding of data center electrical design. It provides a practical and well-structured guide, covering the fundamental principles, design considerations, and emerging technologies shaping the future of this critical domain.

Author : Gopal Nath Tiwari,Rajeev Kumar Mishra
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015-11-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781782625780

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Advanced Renewable Energy Sources by Gopal Nath Tiwari,Rajeev Kumar Mishra Pdf

This book is an ideal reference text for teaching renewable energy to engineering and science students, as well as a reference book for scientists and professionals doing self study on the subject. The book has twelve chapters and starts with the definition and classification of renewable and non renewable energy and their status at global level. This chapter also contains the basic heat transfer mechanisms and laws of thermodynamics. It then deals with availability of solar radiation at different latitudes and energy and exergy analysis of flat plate collector, solar air collector, solar concentrator, evacuated tube collector, solar water heating system, solar distillation and solar cooker. The following chapter discusses the basics of semiconductor, its characteristics, working, characteristics of solar cell in dark and daylight situation, fundamentals of characteristic curves of semiconductor, fundamentals of PV module and array and some PVT systems. Detailed discussion on biomass, bio-fuels and biogas and their applications and the power produced by them, namely bio-power, is covered in the following chapters. Other renewable energy sources like hydropower, wind and geothermal are then covered as well as a chapter dealing with the working principle, basic theory and the capability to produce power from ocean thermal, tidal, wave and animal energy conversion systems. Subsequently, net CO2 mitigation, carbon credit, climate change and environmental impacts of all renewable energy resources are all covered followed by a discussion on the techno-economic feasibility of any energy sources as the backbone of its success and hence energy and economic analysis. The chapters deal the overall exergy of renewable energy sources by using the thermal and mechanical power and electrical energy as output. SI units are used throughout the book in solving various exercises in each chapter and conversion units of various physical and chemical parameters of metals and non-metals are also given in appendices.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1984-04
Category : Solar energy
ISBN : IND:30000090175278

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Solar Energy Update by Anonim Pdf

Author : British Standards Institute Staff
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1916-04-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0580868869

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Information Technology. Data Centres. Key Performance Indicators. Renewable Energy Factor (REF) by British Standards Institute Staff Pdf

Telecommunication systems, Data processing, Installation, Data acquisition, Data management, Data representation

Author : Giorgos Fagas,Luca Gammaitoni,John P. Gallagher,Douglas Paul
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789535130116

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ICT - Energy Concepts for Energy Efficiency and Sustainability by Giorgos Fagas,Luca Gammaitoni,John P. Gallagher,Douglas Paul Pdf

In a previous volume (ICT-Energy-Concepts Towards Zero-Power ICT; referenced below as Vol. 1), we addressed some of the fundamentals related to bridging the gap between the amount of energy required to operate portable/mobile ICT systems and the amount of energy available from ambient sources. The only viable solution appears to be to attack the gap from both sides, i.e. to reduce the amount of energy dissipated during computation and to improve the efficiency in energy-harvesting technologies. In this book, we build on those concepts and continue the discussion on energy efficiency and sustainability by addressing the minimisation of energy consumption at different levels across the ICT system stack, from hardware to software, as well as discussing energy consumption issues in high-performance computing (HPC), data centres and communication in sensor networks. This book was realised thanks to the contribution of the project ‘Coordinating Research Efforts of the ICT-Energy Community’ funded from the European Union under the Future and Emerging Technologies (FET) area of the Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (grant agreement n. 611004).

Author : Ottmar Edenhofer,Ramón Pichs Madruga
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1076 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Climate change mitigation
ISBN : 1139248707

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Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation by Ottmar Edenhofer,Ramón Pichs Madruga Pdf

This Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report (IPCC-SRREN) assesses the potential role of renewable energy in the mitigation of climate change. It covers the six most important renewable energy sources - bioenergy, solar, geothermal, hydropower, ocean and wind energy - as well as their integration into present and future energy systems. It considers the environmental and social consequences associated with the deployment of these technologies and presents strategies to overcome technical as well as non-technical obstacles to their application and diffusion. SRREN brings a broad spectrum of technology-specific experts together with scientists studying energy systems as a whole. Prepared following strict IPCC procedures, it presents an impartial assessment of the current state of knowledge: it is policy relevant but not policy prescriptive. SRREN is an invaluable assessment of the potential role of renewable energy for the mitigation of climate change for policymakers, the private sector and academic researchers.