Africa S Pulse No 21 Spring 2020

Author : Cesar Calderon,Gerard Kambou,Calvin Zebaze Djiofack,Vijdan Korman,Megumi Kubota,Catalina Cantu Canales
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2020-04-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464815683

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Africa's Pulse, No. 21, Spring 2020 by Cesar Calderon,Gerard Kambou,Calvin Zebaze Djiofack,Vijdan Korman,Megumi Kubota,Catalina Cantu Canales Pdf

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a toll on human life and brought major disruption to economic activity across the world. Despite a late arrival, the COVID-19 virus has spread rapidly across Sub-Saharan Africa in recent weeks. Economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to decline from 2.4 percent in 2019 to -2.1 to -5.1 percent in 2020, the first recession in the region in 25 years. The coronavirus is hitting the region’s three largest economies —Nigeria, South Africa, and Angola— in a context of persistently weak growth and investment. In particular, countries that depend on oil and mining exports would be hit the hardest. The negative impact of the COVID-19 crisis on household welfare would be equally dramatic. African policymakers need to develop a two-pronged strategy of “saving lives and protecting livelihoods.†? This strategy includes relief measures and recovery measures aimed at strengthening health systems, providing income support to workers and liquidity support to viable businesses. However, financing of these policies will be challenging amid deteriorating fiscal positions and heightened public debt vulnerabilities. Therefore, African countries will require financial assistance from their development partners -including COVID-19 related multilateral assistance and a debt service stand still with creditors.

Author : Albert G. Zeufack,Cesar Calderon,Megumi Kubota,Alain Ntumba Kabundi,Vijdan Korman,Catalina Cantu Canales
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781464818059

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Africa's Pulse, No. 23, October 2021 by Albert G. Zeufack,Cesar Calderon,Megumi Kubota,Alain Ntumba Kabundi,Vijdan Korman,Catalina Cantu Canales Pdf

The economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa has been severe; however, countries are weathering the storm so far. Real GDP is estimated to contract by 2.0 percent in 2020—close to the lower bound of the forecast range in April 2020, and less than the contraction in advanced economies and other emerging markets and developing economies, excluding China. Available data from the second half of 2020 point to rebound in economic activity that explain why the contraction in the region was in the lower bound of the forecasts. It reflected a slower spread of the virus and lower COVID-19-related mortality in the region, strong agricultural growth, and a faster-than-expected recovery in commodity prices. Economic activity in the region is expected to rise to a range between2.3 and 3.4 percent in 2021, depending on the policy measures adopted by countries and the international community. However, prospects for a slow vaccine rollout, the resurgence of pandemic, and limited scope for additional fiscal support, could hold back the recovery in the region. Policies to support the economy in the near term should be complemented by structural reforms that encourage sustained investment, create jobs and enhance competitiveness. Reducing the countries’ debt burden will release resources for public investment, in areas such as education, health, and infrastructure. Investments in human capital will help lower the risk of long-lasting damage from the pandemic which may become apparent over the longer term, and can enhance competitiveness and productivity. The next twelve months will be a critical period for leveraging the African Continental Free Trade Area in order to deepen African countries’ integration into regional and global value chains. Finally, reforms that address digital infrastructure gaps and make the digital economy more inclusive †“ensuring affordability but also building skills for all segments of society, are critical to improve connectivity, boost digital technology adoption, and generate more and better jobs for men and women.

Author : Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul Jr.,Nshakira-Rukundo, Emmanuel,Gebrekidan, Bisrat
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2022-05-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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COVID-19 and food (in)security in Africa: Review of the emerging empirical evidence by Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul Jr.,Nshakira-Rukundo, Emmanuel,Gebrekidan, Bisrat Pdf

COVID-19 risks rolling back many of the efforts and global successes recorded in reducing poverty and food insecurity. We undertake a systematic review of the growing microeconomic literature on the association between COVID-19 and food (in)security in Africa, discussing its implications for food policy and research. In doing so, we highlight some of the methodological weaknesses in answering policy-relevant questions on the causal link between COVID-19 and food insecurity. We also review the various coping strategies households are using to build resilience to COVID-19 and explore the role of social protection and other tools in mitigating some of the negative effects of COVID-19. This review provides evidence that COVID-19 is associated with food insecurity both ex-ante and ex-durante. There are many attempts to suggest this relationship may be causal with some robust methods in some contexts, but data limitations prevail which constrains causal learning. We also find evidence that income losses, loss of employment, and heightened food prices may be mediating the relationship between COVID-19 and food insecurity. Going further, we additionally review the mitigating role of social protection and remittances in reducing the negative effects of COVID-19 on food insecurity. Relatedly, we also show evidence that households are using various coping strategies such as food rationing and dietary change to cushion themselves against the COVID-19 shock but most of these measures remain adversely correlated with food insecurity. We end with a discussion on some potential interesting areas where future efforts can be geared to improve learning on the relationship between COVID-19, food insecurity, and building resilience to shocks.

Author : Victoria R. Nalule
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2023-06-09
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781000869545

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Mining Law and Governance in Africa by Victoria R. Nalule Pdf

This book explores the various issues that characterise the African mining sector, drawing examples from different African countries and regional organisations. Although there is a massive literature on the subject, some issues have been neglected, including the crucial role of digitalisation and technological advancement in resolving the environmental and social challenges faced in Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM), deep-sea mining, mining contract negotiations and modernising mining laws to reflect the increasing role of critical minerals, to mention but a few. Therefore, the book unpacks the critical issues associated with the mining sector, explicitly reflecting on the practical solutions needed to address the challenges in the African mining sector. This book uniquely analyses and adds flavour to international mining’s fundamental concepts by describing a simulated annealing-based approach appropriate for complex mining projects in Africa. Book contributors comprise of academics from different universities including professors, practitioners, government policymakers, NGO executives and a variety of different experts. This multidisciplinary book will be of interest to African policymakers, governments, academics, industry professionals, energy and mining institutions, international organisations, universities across the globe and companies.

Author : Landry Signé
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-03-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781009200042

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Africa's Fourth Industrial Revolution by Landry Signé Pdf

Examines the meaning, drivers, and implications of the growth of new technologies, and the Fourth Industrial Revolution for Africa.

Author : Yahia Baiza
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2022-08-22
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781527586031

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Education in Troubled Times by Yahia Baiza Pdf

This volume presents a scholarly conversation about education in troubled times across different temporal and spatial contexts. The concept of troubled times in this book refers to situations of serious challenges or crises that affect the practice of education at community, national and global levels. It examines how education operates across a wide range of challenging circumstances, from the COVID-19 pandemic, political manipulations, and the neoliberal economy to conflict and post-conflict situations. The volume also considers the measures national governments should take to contain and mitigate their effects, and how effective these measures are in curbing such challenges. By addressing these questions, it also suggests ways to overcome the identified challenges and crises in their respective contexts.

Author : Cesar Calderon,Gerard Kambou,Vijdan Korman,Megumi Kubota,Catalina Cantu Canales
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2019-04-08
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781464814211

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Africa's Pulse, No. 19, April 2019 by Cesar Calderon,Gerard Kambou,Vijdan Korman,Megumi Kubota,Catalina Cantu Canales Pdf

Economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is estimated to have decelerated from 2.5 percent in 2017 to 2.3 percent in 2018, below the rate of growth of population for a fourth consecutive year. Regional growth in 2018 is below the pace projected in 2018 October issue of Africa's Pulse {0.4 percentage points lower). This slowdown was more pronounced in the first half of 2018 and it reflected weaker exports among the region's large oil exporters (Nigeria and Angola) due to dwindling oil production amid higher but volatile international prices for crude petroleum. A deeper contraction in Sudanese economic activity and a broad-based growth slowdown among non-resource-intensive countries also played a role. Sub-Saharan African countries with fragile context have made considerable efforts to find a way out of fragility. Regional and sub-regional economic organizations are promoting economic cooperation and addressing security and peace challenges that go beyond national borders. The special topic of this issue of Africa's Pulse argues that the digital economy can unlock new pathways for inclusive growth, innovation, job creation, service delivery and poverty reduction in Africa. The continent has made. great strides in mobile connectivity; however, it still lags the rest of the world in access to broadband. Only 27 percent of the population in the continent have access to internet, few citizens have digital IDs, businesses are slowly adopting digital technologies and only few governments are investing strategically in developing digital infrastructure, services, skills, and entrepreneurship.

Author : Cedric Okou,John A Spray,Ms. Filiz D Unsal
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2022-07-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400216190

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Staple Food Prices in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Empirical Assessment by Cedric Okou,John A Spray,Ms. Filiz D Unsal Pdf

This paper analyzes the domestic and external drivers of local staple food prices in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using data on domestic market prices of the five most consumed staple foods from 15 countries, this paper finds that external factors drive food price inflation, but domestic factors can mitigate these vulnerabilities. On the external side, our estimations show that Sub-Saharan African countries are highly vulnerable to global food prices, with the pass-through from global to local food prices estimated close to unity for highly imported staples. On the domestic side, staple food price inflation is lower in countries with greater local production and among products with lower consumption shares. Additionally, adverse shocks such as natural disasters and wars bring 1.8 and 4 percent staple food price surges respectively beyond generalized price increases. Economic policy can lower food price inflation, as the strength of monetary policy and fiscal frameworks, the overall economic environment, and transport constraints in geographically challenged areas account for substantial cross-country differences in staple food prices.

Author : Marcello Minenna
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2024-07-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781040092804

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G20 Economic Policy by Marcello Minenna Pdf

This book examines the statistics of the G-20 members with the goal of providing an analysis of their economic policies, with a particular emphasis on the financial dynamics of each country's Balance of Payments, in order to offer a framework for better understanding where we are headed in an era of great economic and geopolitical reconfiguration. Furthermore, it delves into the current challenges to the US-led monopolar world that emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union, beginning with the rise of China and India alongside Russia, and their potential role in reshaping the global financial system. The focus also extends to South America, where economies such as Brazil and Argentina are navigating complex relationships with traditional allies and emerging global powers. Africa's position in this evolving landscape is also analyzed, highlighting its growing autonomy as exemplified by the African Union's inclusion in the G-20. Furthermore, the Middle East is undergoing a remarkable geopolitical shift, undoubtedly representing another node of power in the emerging economic chessboard. These geopolitical dynamics are further complicated by major global events, including the 2008 global financial crisis, the Eurozone sovereign debt crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, and the Russo-Ukrainian conflict in 2022. Pressing challenges are also posed by the climate emergency, highlighting its direct impact on productivity and migration patterns. Finally, this book seeks to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the current economic realities of key global actors and their complex interplay with geopolitical choices. Based on a scholarly approach, the analysis provides insights into the complex and evolving global order.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1464817146

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COVID-19 and the Future of Work in Africa by Anonim Pdf

Author : Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul Jr.,Abay, Kibrom A.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2023-01-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Smallholder farmers’ participation in profitable value chains and contract farming: Evidence from irrigated agriculture in Egypt by Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul Jr.,Abay, Kibrom A. Pdf

The participation of smallholder farmers in high-value and profitable value chains as well as contract farming remains low in Africa. This paper aims to identify observable and unobservable constraints that explain joint participation in profitable value chains and contract farming. We use a multivariate probit model to estimate potential complementarities between the cultivation of these various value chains (vegetables, fruits, spices, herbs, and cereals), and participation in contract farming. We identify several important observable factors that reinforce and hence limit smallholders’ participation in both low and high value chains as well as contract farming. For example, we find suggestive evidence that smallholders in Egypt face a trade-off between ensuring food security to their households and maximizing profit, and land plays a major factor in moderating this trade-off. We find that farmers with limited land resources are more likely to devote a larger share of their land to low-value crops such as cereals while this pattern weakens with increasing land size and slightly reverses for high-value crops such as spices and herbs. This suggests until some level of land resources, food security goals may dominate profit motives while this reverses after ensuring that food security goals are achieved. Younger and wealthier farmers are more likely to participate in the cultivation of high-value crops such as spices and herbs as well as contract farming. We also document strong complementarities between participation in high-value value chains and contract farming. Particularly, farmers who cultivate high-value crops are more likely to be engaged in contract farming. Intuitively, this implies that addressing smallholders’ binding constraints, including risk and access to land, can encourage participation in profitable value chains and contract farming. Our findings offer suggestive evidence that may serve in targeting smallholders to join profitable value chains in Egypt and other comparable contexts.

Author : Bruno S. Sergi,Dedhy Sulistiawan
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2022-05-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781802624335

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Modeling Economic Growth in Contemporary Indonesia by Bruno S. Sergi,Dedhy Sulistiawan Pdf

Modeling Economic Growth in Contemporary Indonesia explores Indonesia's most recent business and economic developments with chapters covering topics such as SMEs, public companies, stock markets, government, or non-profit organizations to explain the economic growth and relevant factors.

Author : Albert G. Zeufack
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1289306351

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Africa's Pulse, No. 23, October 2021 by Albert G. Zeufack Pdf

The economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa has been severe; however, countries are weathering the storm so far. Real GDP is estimated to contract by 2.0 percent in 2020-close to the lower bound of the forecast range in April 2020, and less than the contraction in advanced economies and other emerging markets and developing economies, excluding China. Available data from the second half of 2020 point to rebound in economic activity that explain why the contraction in the region was in the lower bound of the forecasts. It reflected a slower spread of the virus and lower COVID-19-related mortality in the region, strong agricultural growth, and a faster-than-expected recovery in commodity prices. Economic activity in the region is expected to rise to a range between2.3 and 3.4 percent in 2021, depending on the policy measures adopted by countries and the international community. However, prospects for a slow vaccine rollout, the resurgence of pandemic, and limited scope for additional fiscal support, could hold back the recovery in the region. Policies to support the economy in the near term should be complemented by structural reforms that encourage sustained investment, create jobs and enhance competitiveness. Reducing the countries' debt burden will release resources for public investment, in areas such as education, health, and infrastructure. Investments in human capital will help lower the risk of long-lasting damage from the pandemic which may become apparent over the longer term, and can enhance competitiveness and productivity. The next twelve months will be a critical period for leveraging the African Continental Free Trade Area in order to deepen African countries' integration into regional and global value chains. Finally, reforms that address digital infrastructure gaps and make the digital economy more inclusive "ensuring affordability but also building skills for all segments of society, are critical to improve connectivity, boost digital technology adoption, and generate more and better jobs for men and women.

Author : Hamid El Bilali,Tarek Ben Hassen,Mohammad Sadegh Allahyari,Sinisa Berjan
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 117 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2022-11-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832507254

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COVID-19 Pandemic, Food Behaviour and Consumption Patterns by Hamid El Bilali,Tarek Ben Hassen,Mohammad Sadegh Allahyari,Sinisa Berjan Pdf

Author : The World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2024-04-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464821097

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Africa's Pulse, No. 29, Spring 2024 by The World Bank Pdf

Economic growth is expected to rebound in Sub-Saharan Africa, supported by increased private consumption and declining inflation in 2024. However, this positive outlook remains fragile due to uncertain global economic conditions, low fiscal buffers, growing debt service obligation, costly external borrowing, and escalating conflict and violence, which continue to weigh on economic activity in the region. Despite the projected boost in growth, the pace of economic expansion in the region remains slow and insufficient to significantly affect poverty reduction. Structural inequality is at the core of these challenges and tackling it can help to restore growth and accelerate poverty reduction. While domestic resource mobilization and support from the international community can help alleviate the region's funding squeeze, investing in human capital, and strengthening local capacity for service delivery can build people's capacity to seize market opportunities. Policies that boost market access by addressing institutional distortions and market imperfections are also critical for fostering inclusive growth.