African American Nationalist Literature Of The 1960s

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African American Nationalist Literature of the 1960s

Sandra Hollin Flowers
African American Nationalist Literature of the 1960s Book PDF

Author : Sandra Hollin Flowers
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2019-09-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317731351

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African American Nationalist Literature of the 1960s by Sandra Hollin Flowers Pdf

Bringing together political theory and literary works, this study recreates the political climate which made the 1960s an unforgettable era for young black Americans. A chapter on "The Many Shades of Black Nationalism," for instance, explains: why black nationalism is known by more than a dozen different names; how events in Africa influenced black nationalism in America; why Malcolm X's death had a greater impact on nationalism than did his life; and how the United States government unwittingly became nationalism's ally. Another chapter explores the bitter feud between the dominant factions of the 1960s-cultural and revolutionary nationalists. This feud erupted in both verbal and armed warfare and generated an abundance of political theory and literary works, much of which is out of circulation but is examined in the study. Nationalist poetry, theater, and fiction are each treated in separate chapters which exemplify the aesthetic and political concerns of this memorable period in American history and letters. Aside from its unique combination of artistic and political works, what makes this book important is the current revival of nationalist sentiment in African American life and arts. Though this revival is closely identified with the nationalism of the 1960s, it lacks the focus of that period. This study explains what gave the nationalism of the 1960s its focus, how that focus was expressed in art forms, and why 1960s nationalism continues to influence the African American identity and will probably do so well into the twenty-first century.

The Circumstances of Living and Working for African-American Writers in the 1960s

Susanne Opel
The Circumstances of Living and Working for African American Writers in the 1960s Book PDF

Author : Susanne Opel
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2005-08-05
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : 9783638406062

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The Circumstances of Living and Working for African-American Writers in the 1960s by Susanne Opel Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 2,3, University of Rostock, language: English, abstract: The 1960s were a decade of changes for everyone in the USA. The Civil Rights Movement was at its height, while the assassinations of important personalities such as John F. Kennedy and Malcolm X, as well as Vietnam and the Cold War overshadowed the lives and thoughts of a whole generation. Hippie Culture, the anti-war movement, and the sexual revolution created a whole new generation with a new set of values. For the arts, for culture, and for the sciences the 1960s were a period of new developments that influenced the following decades immensely: the Beatles, worldwide TV shows, or the first man on the moon, just to name a few. Compared to their peers of periods, adolescents and unmarried young adults of the 1960s enjoyed greater social freedom and mobility and also were less tolerant of the socio-political subjugation of black people. The 1960s were also the decade in which African-American literature reached a new climax after the Harlem Renaissance in the twenties. There were a lot of new possibilities for African-Americans, but still also a lot to fight for. Being an African-American writer was a constant struggle, not only to earn money to survive , but also to gain the same acceptance as a white writer, or to help change something for the other African-Americans. Chester Himes wrote in his essay Dilemma of the Negro Novelist in U.S. (1966): From the start the American Negro writer is beset by conflicts. He is in conflict with himself, with his environment, with his public. The personal conflict will be the hardest. He must decide at the outset the extent of his honesty. He will find it no easy thing to reveal the truth of his experience or even to discover it. He will derive no please from the recounting of his hurts. He will encounter more agony by his explorations into his own personality than most non-Negroes realize. For him to delineate the degrading effects of oppression will be like inflicting a wound upon himself. He will have begun an intellectual crusade that will take him through the horrors of the damned. And this must be his reward for his integrity: he will be reviled by the Negroes and whites alike. Most of all, he will find no valid interpretation of his experiences in terms of human values until the truth be known. If he does not discover this truth, his life will be forever veiled in mystery, not only to whites, but to himself; and he will be heir to all the weird interpretations of his personality.

The Black Arts Movement

James Smethurst
The Black Arts Movement Book PDF

Author : James Smethurst
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2006-03-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780807876503

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The Black Arts Movement by James Smethurst Pdf

Emerging from a matrix of Old Left, black nationalist, and bohemian ideologies and institutions, African American artists and intellectuals in the 1960s coalesced to form the Black Arts Movement, the cultural wing of the Black Power Movement. In this comprehensive analysis, James Smethurst examines the formation of the Black Arts Movement and demonstrates how it deeply influenced the production and reception of literature and art in the United States through its negotiations of the ideological climate of the Cold War, decolonization, and the civil rights movement. Taking a regional approach, Smethurst examines local expressions of the nascent Black Arts Movement, a movement distinctive in its geographical reach and diversity, while always keeping the frame of the larger movement in view. The Black Arts Movement, he argues, fundamentally changed American attitudes about the relationship between popular culture and "high" art and dramatically transformed the landscape of public funding for the arts.

The African American Sonnet

Timo Mueller
The African American Sonnet Book PDF

Author : Timo Mueller
Publisher : Univ. Press of Mississippi
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-15
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9781496817846

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The African American Sonnet by Timo Mueller Pdf

Some of the best known African American poems are sonnets: Claude McKay's "If We Must Die," Countee Cullen's "Yet Do I Marvel," Gwendolyn Brooks's "First fight. Then fiddle." Yet few readers realize that these poems are part of a rich tradition that formed after the Civil War and comprises more than a thousand sonnets by African American poets. Paul Laurence Dunbar, Jean Toomer, Langston Hughes, Margaret Walker, and Rita Dove all wrote sonnets. Based on extensive archival research, The African American Sonnet: A Literary History traces this forgotten tradition from the nineteenth century to the present. Timo Müller uses sonnets to open up fresh perspectives on African American literary history. He examines the struggle over the legacy of the Civil War, the trajectories of Harlem Renaissance protest, the tensions between folk art and transnational perspectives in the thirties, the vernacular modernism of the postwar period, the cultural nationalism of the Black Arts movement, and disruptive strategies of recent experimental poetry. In this book, Müller examines the inventive strategies African American poets devised to occupy and reshape a form overwhelmingly associated with Europe. In the tightly circumscribed space of sonnets, these poets mounted evocative challenges to the discursive and material boundaries they confronted.

Womanism, Literature, and the Transformation of the Black Community, 1965-1980

Kalenda C. Eaton
Womanism Literature and the Transformation of the Black Community 1965 1980 Book PDF

Author : Kalenda C. Eaton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2010-06-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135899028

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Womanism, Literature, and the Transformation of the Black Community, 1965-1980 by Kalenda C. Eaton Pdf

This book examines how cultural and ideological reactions to activism in the post-Civil Rights Black community were depicted in fiction written by Black women writers, 1965–1980. By recognizing and often challenging prevailing cultural paradigms within the post-Civil Rights era, writers such as Toni Morrison, Alice Walker, Toni Cade Bambara, and Paule Marshall fictionalized the black community in critical ways that called for further examination of progressive activism after the much publicized 'end' of the Civil Rights Movement. Through their writings, the authors’ confronted marked shifts within African American literature, politics and culture that proved detrimental to the collective 'wellness' of the community at large.

African American Literary Theory

Winston Napier
African American Literary Theory Book PDF

Author : Winston Napier
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 745 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2000-07
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780814758090

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African American Literary Theory by Winston Napier Pdf

Fifty-one essays by writers such as Langston Hughes, W.E.B. Du Bois, Ralph Ellison, and Zora Neale Hurston, as well as critics and academics such as Henry Louis Gates, Jr. examine the central texts and arguments in African American literary theory from the 1920s through the present. Contributions are organized chronologically beginning with the rise of a black aesthetic criticism, through the Black Arts Movement, feminism, structuralism and poststructuralism, queer theory, and cultural studies. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR

Black Power, Yellow Power, and the Making of Revolutionary Identities

Rychetta Watkins
Black Power Yellow Power and the Making of Revolutionary Identities Book PDF

Author : Rychetta Watkins
Publisher : Univ. Press of Mississippi
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-01-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781617031625

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Black Power, Yellow Power, and the Making of Revolutionary Identities by Rychetta Watkins Pdf

Images of upraised fists, afros, and dashikis have long dominated the collective memory of Black Power and its proponents. The “guerilla” figure—taking the form of the black-leather-clad revolutionary within the Black Panther Party—has become an iconic trope in American popular culture. That politically radical figure, however, has been shaped as much by Asian American cultural discourse as by African American political ideology. From the Asian-African Conference held in April of 1955 in Bandung, Indonesia, onward to the present, Afro-Asian political collaboration has been active and influential. In Black Power, Yellow Power, and the Making of Revolutionary Identities, author Rychetta Watkins uses the guerilla figure as a point of departure and shows how the trope's rhetoric animates discourses of representation and identity in African American and Asian American literature and culture. In doing so, she examines the notion of “Power,” in terms of ethnic political identity, and explores collaborating—and sometimes competing—ethnic interests that have drawn ideas from the concept. The project brings together a range of texts—editorial cartoons, newspaper articles, novels, visual propaganda, and essays—that illustrate the emergence of this subjectivity in Asian American and African American cultural productions during the Power period, roughly 1966 through 1981. After a case study of the cultural politics of academic anthologies and the cooperation between Frank Chin and Ishmael Reed, the volume culminates with analyses of this trope in Sam Greenlee's The Spook Who Sat by the Door, Alice Walker's Meridian, and John Okada's No No Boy.

Invisibility in African American and Asian American Literature

Klara Szmańko
Invisibility in African American and Asian American Literature Book PDF

Author : Klara Szmańko
Publisher : McFarland
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2008-09-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780786439522

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Invisibility in African American and Asian American Literature by Klara Szmańko Pdf

The book is a comparative study of the invisibility trope in African American and Asian American literature. It distinguishes between various kinds of invisibility and offers a genealogy of the term while providing a theoretical dissection of the invisibility trope itself. Investigating the various ways of striving for visibility, the author places special emphasis on the need for cooperation among various racial groups. While the book explores invisibility in a variety of African American and Asian American literary texts, the main focus is on four novels: Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man, Sam Greenlee's The Spook Who Sat by the Door, Maxine Hong Kingston's Tripmaster Monkey and Chang-rae Lee's Native Speaker. The book not only sheds light on the oppressed but also exposes the structures of oppression and the apparatus of power, which often renders itself invisible. Throughout the study the author emphasizes that power is multi-directional, never flowing only in one direction. The book brings to light mechanisms of oppression within the dominant society as well as within and between marginalized racial groups.

Staging the Rage

Katherine H. Burkman,Judith Roof
Staging the Rage Book PDF

Author : Katherine H. Burkman,Judith Roof
Publisher : Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 0838637639

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Staging the Rage by Katherine H. Burkman,Judith Roof Pdf

This study is divided into four sections, whose general topics trace various manifestations of misogyny in nineteenthand twentieth-century drama. Recent attempts to dismantle and expose relations between gender and spectacle receive attention in a volume that suggests exciting possibilities for a revision of theater.

Black Cultures and Race Relations

James L. Conyers
Black Cultures and Race Relations Book PDF

Author : James L. Conyers
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : History
ISBN : 0830415742

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Black Cultures and Race Relations by James L. Conyers Pdf

The essays in this book examine black cultural issues from the inside out, rather than from a majority perspective. Topics are grouped into four categories: historical studies on race; policy, economics, and race; educational studies and race; and social and cultural studies on race. Readers of this volume will gain a deeper understanding of the past and present realities experienced by black people in the United States. Sweeping changes have taken place in American society, but much work remains to be done before black Americans will no longer face the daily challenges created by racist stereotyping and assumptions. This book will furnish absorbing reading for anyone who seeks a better understanding of black-white relations in the United States from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. A Burnham Publishers book

Beyond Imagined Uniqueness

William Glass
Beyond Imagined Uniqueness Book PDF

Author : William Glass
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2010-08-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781443824804

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Beyond Imagined Uniqueness by William Glass Pdf

Beyond Imagined Uniqueness: Nationalisms in Comparative Perspectives is a collection of essays from a variety of disciplines and theoretical perspectives that explore the contentious issue of nationalism in historical and contemporary settings. They adopt an interdisciplinary approach to the topic of nationalism and its permutations and modes of expression. The unspoken context of these essays is the trends subsumed under the processes of globalization. Though the world may be becoming more integrated economically, these essays suggest social, cultural, and political forces, historically rooted, keep the nation and national identity alive and well. The comparative perspectives offered by the essays appear in two ways: one set is the explicit comparisons of nations made by several authors within their essays and between the essays themselves when the authors focus on developments within a single nation. A second, and indeed more thought-provoking set of comparisons come from the way the essays address nationalism in disparate scholarly approaches that include visual culture, history, sociology, and literature. Moreover, while traditional themes in the study of nationalism are not ignored, these essays expand the discussion with case studies of nationalism in Turkey, Asia, and Eastern Europe. Even when nationalism is considered in those areas that have been the central focus of nationalism studies (Western Europe and the USA), the authors bring unique voices to the conversation as in the use of portraiture as a vehicle of nationalism in Cold War America or children’s literature shaping a Swedish American identity or in the idea of a covenant as a source of Dutch nationalism or the role of minority languages in West European societies. Section One of this volume contains essays that examine the terrain of the national imaginary through language, monuments, and visual culture. Several of the essays in this traverse the cultural sites of representation and commemoration of the nation, looking carefully at the “politics of memory” in places, material objects, and texts. Section Two provides more individual case studies of nations, though many of these essays engage significant regional and international tensions especially in a post Cold War world that has often influenced the internal dynamics of nation-building. Section Three moves the focus away from the nation to immigrant communities, especially those in the United States, Canada, and the Caribbean. Diasporas throughout the world have challenged many theories about the nation, as crossing borders becomes the norm rather the exception.

On the Corner

Daniel Matlin
On the Corner Book PDF

Author : Daniel Matlin
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674727052

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On the Corner by Daniel Matlin Pdf

In July 1964, after a decade of intense media focus on civil rights protest in the Jim Crow South, a riot in Harlem abruptly shifted attention to the urban crisis embroiling America's northern cities. On the Corner revisits the volatile moment when African American intellectuals were thrust into the spotlight as indigenous interpreters of black urban life to white America, and examines how three figures--Kenneth B. Clark, Amiri Baraka, and Romare Bearden--wrestled with the opportunities and dilemmas their heightened public statures entailed. Daniel Matlin locates in the 1960s a new dynamic that has continued to shape African American intellectual practice to the present day, as black urban communities became the chief objects of black intellectuals' perceived social obligations. Black scholars and artists offered sharply contrasting representations of black urban life and vied to establish their authority as indigenous interpreters. As a psychologist, Clark placed his faith in the ability of the social sciences to diagnose the damage caused by racism and poverty. Baraka sought to channel black fury and violence into essays, poems, and plays. Meanwhile, Bearden wished his collages to contest portrayals of black urban life as dominated by misery, anger, and dysfunction. In time, each of these figures concluded that their role as interpreters for white America placed dangerous constraints on black intellectual practice. The condition of entry into the public sphere for African American intellectuals in the post-civil rights era has been confinement to what Clark called "the topic that is reserved for blacks."

Fighting for US

Scot Brown
Fighting for US Book PDF

Author : Scot Brown
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : History
ISBN : 9780814798782

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Fighting for US by Scot Brown Pdf

In Fighting for US, historian Scot Brown presents the first comprehensive account of the US Organization, a California-based group that played a leading role in Black Power politics and culture during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Founded in 1965 by Maulana Karenga, US developed an extensive network of activists, artists, and organizations throughout the United States for the purpose of igniting an African American cultural revolution. Brown examines US's philosophy, internal dynamics, political activism, and influence on African American art, drawing from organizational archives, interviews, Federal Bureau of Investigation files, newspaper accounts, and other primary sources of the period. Engaging and original, Fighting for US is the definitive work on the US organization, Maulana Karenga, and Black cultural nationalism in America.

The Cambridge History of African American Literature

Maryemma Graham,Jerry Washington Ward
The Cambridge History of African American Literature Book PDF

Author : Maryemma Graham,Jerry Washington Ward
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 861 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2011-02-03
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780521872171

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The Cambridge History of African American Literature by Maryemma Graham,Jerry Washington Ward Pdf

A major new history of the literary traditions, oral and print, of African-descended peoples in the United States.

Powers of Possibility

Alex Houen
Powers of Possibility Book PDF

Author : Alex Houen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780199609291

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Powers of Possibility by Alex Houen Pdf

By outlining a novel concept of literary practice 'potentialism', this text shows how opening up literary possibilities enabled writers such as Allen Ginsberg, LeRoi Jones/Amiri Baraka, William S. Burroughs, Kathy Acker, and Lyn Hejinian to tackle matters of power and politics.