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Honorable Mention for the 2014 Jordan Schnitzer book award in Medieval and Early Modern Jewish History presented by the Association for Jewish Studies On August 3, 1492, the same day that Columbus set sail from Spain, the long and glorious history of that nation’s Jewish community officially came to a close. The expulsion of Europe’s last major Jewish community ended more than a thousand years of unparalleled prosperity, cultural vitality and intellectual productivity. Yet, the crisis of 1492 also gave rise to a dynamic and resilient diaspora society spanning East and West. After Expulsion traces the various paths of migration and resettlement of Sephardic Jews and Conversos over the course of the tumultuous sixteenth century. Pivotally, the volume argues that the exiles did not become “Sephardic Jews” overnight. Only in the second and third generation did these disparate groups coalesce and adopt a “Sephardic Jewish” identity. After Expulsion presents a new and fascinating portrait of Jewish society in transition from the medieval to the early modern period, a portrait that challenges many longstanding assumptions about the differences between Europe and the Middle East.
Author : R. M. Douglas Publisher : Yale University Press Page : 696 pages File Size : 41,7 Mb Release : 2012-06-26 Category : History ISBN : 9780300183764
The award-winning history of 12 million German-speaking civilians in Europe who were driven from their homes after WWII: “a major achievement” (New Republic). Immediately after the Second World War, the victorious Allies authorized the forced relocation of ethnic Germans from their homes across central and southern Europe to Germany. The numbers were almost unimaginable: between 12 and 14 million civilians, most of them women and children. And the losses were horrifying: at least five hundred thousand people, and perhaps many more, died while detained in former concentration camps, locked in trains, or after arriving in Germany malnourished, and homeless. In this authoritative and objective account, historian R.M. Douglas examines an aspect of European history that few have wished to confront, exploring how the forced migrations were conceived, planned, and executed, and how their legacy reverberates throughout central Europe today. The first comprehensive history of this immense manmade catastrophe, Orderly and Humane is an important study of the largest recorded episode of what we now call "ethnic cleansing." It may also be the most significant untold story of the World War II.
The Expulsion of the Jews from Spain by Haim Beinart Pdf
Beinart's detailed magnum opus focuses on the practicalities of the expulsion and its consequences, both for those expelled and those remaining behind. Analysis of hundreds of archival documents enables him to take history out of the realm of abstraction and give it concrete reality, and in so doing he also sheds much light on Jewish life in Spain before the expulsion.
Security of Residence and Expulsion by Elspeth Guild,Paul Minderhoud Pdf
Although all European states grant some form of secure residence status to foreign nationals, substantial differences persist among them in the rights pertaining to that status, the grounds for losing it, and the degree of protection against expulsion. This volume explores the law protecting aliens in Europe under four headings: - The legal framework provided at the European level by the European Convention on Human Rights (especially Articles 3 and 8), its case law, and various subsidiary instruments of the Council of Europe; evolving European Union law based on the principle of freedom of movement, agreements between the EU and non-member states, and the 1997 draft convention on migration policies; and the implementation of this supra-national law at the national level; - The effect in the Nordic region and the Common Travel Area of the abolition of border controls, with special attention to the question of compensatory measures; - The issue of double jeopardy arising from the use of expulsion in conjunction with a criminal sentence, as illustrated in French and German case law; - The legal `balancing act' required in many cases to protect the public interest without violating a person's legitimate right to a secure residence, taking into consideration the potentially conflicting interests of the receiving state and the foreign national. Security of Residence and Expulsion: Protection of Aliens in Europe offers clear guidelines for policymakers on harmonising the principles underlying legislation in this area of critical and growing importance in European life. It will be of great value to practitioners and academics concerned with the extension of existing rules governing security of residence and protection against expulsion for long-term immigrants and their families.
From Mass Conversion to Expulsion by Nadia Zeldes Pdf
This book explores the events that marked the last decades of Jewish presence in the kingdom of Naples from 1492 to 1541. It employs a comparative approach in the examination of the mass conversion of the Jews in the Kingdom of Naples in 1495, the failed attempt to establish a Spanish‐style inquisition, and the expulsions of 1510 and 1541. By relying on a variety of sources, including Hebrew literary works and rabbinic Responsa, this study sheds new light on the reception of the refugees of 1492, the evolvement of the political and military crisis of 1495, the attacks on the Jewish communities, and Jewish reaction, all aspects that have never before been subject to systematic analysis. The Spanish victory of 1503 and the transformation of southern Italy into a Spanish‐ruled dominion bring this discussion closer to the Iberian model of mass conversions and expulsions. The unprecedented expulsion of the New Christians along with the Jews offers a unique opportunity for drawing a parallel with the much later expulsion of the Moriscos from Spain. By highlighting these aspects, this book offers insights for understanding the larger issues of the integration of refugees and rejection of minority groups, questions that are as relevant to present concerns and politics as they were on the eve of the modern era.
The Expulsion of the Moriscos from Spain by Anonim Pdf
The Expulsion of the Moriscos from Spain offers a multi-perspective study of the forced migration and diaspora of the crypto-Muslim minority in the Mediterranean in the first half of the 17th century.
Vol IV AN INACCESSIBLE MORMON ZION: EXPULSION FROM JACKSON COUNTY by JOHN J HAMMOND Pdf
AN INACCESSIBLE MORMON ZION:EXPULSION FROM JACKSON COUNTY This is Volume IV of an epic, multi-volume work entitled The Quest for the New Jerusalem: A Mormon Generation Saga, which combines family, Mormon, and American history, focusing upon how the author’s ancestors were affected by their conversion to the Mormon religion. In Volume I, four of the author’s ancestral families—the Carters, Hammonds, Knowltons, and Spencer’s—and the ancestors of Mormon Church founders Joseph Smith and Brigham Young are followed from the time they enter the Massachusetts Bay Colony in New England in the 1600s down to the early 1800s. Toward the end of Volume I, the focus is upon Joseph Smith and his family, including their move from Vermont to western New York and their religious and occult “magic worldviews.” Volume II takes up the narrative at about the year 1820, and involves a detailed, comprehensive, and critical look at the events in the life of Joseph Smith, Jr., during the decade in which he purportedly was visited by numerous heavenly messengers, received the “golden plates,” translated the writing on the plates to produce the Book of Mormon, received priesthood authority from other heavenly messengers, published the Book of Mormon, and organized the Mormon Church. There is a detailed examination of the contentious debate concerning the authenticity of the Book of Mormon and the validity of Smith’s 1820s visionary experiences. The later chapters describe the movement of Church headquarters from western New York to northeastern Ohio in early 1831, Smith’s interest in western Missouri as the site for his New Jerusalem/Zion, and the conversion of the author’s direct ancestor Simeon Daggett Carter. Volume III roughly covers Mormon history for the years 1831-33, and describes the influence of Sidney Rigdon and many other Ohio Campbellites (Disciples of Christ Church members) on the early Mormon Church. Numerous Joseph Smith revelations designate Jackson County, Missouri, as the New Jerusalem/Zion, the place where the Second Coming of Christ will soon take place. However, Smith chooses to live instead in Kirtland, Ohio, and serious disagreements and tensions develop between Smith in Ohio and Missouri Mormon leaders. Smith begins construction of a temple in Kirtland, and angry Missourians rise up in the summer of 1833 and violently expel the Mormons from Jackson County. They are given temporary sanctuary mainly in Clay County, located across the Missouri River to the north. Volume IV describes the expulsion of Mormons from Jackson County, the efforts of Missouri state officials to deal with the explosive situation, and Smith’s attempt to explain why his Missouri Zion is now off-limits to Mormons, although the Lord purportedly has designated it as the site for the hallowed New Jerusalem and imminent Second Coming of Christ. Smith recruits a Mormon army (“Zion’s Camp”) and leads it from Ohio to western Missouri in an unsuccessful effort to forcefully “redeem Zion,” and fourteen members of the camp die of cholera at the end of the trek, including one of the author’s Carter ancestors. There are serious recriminations against Smith within the Mormon Church on account of the total failure of this military venture, and a member of the Kirtland High Council—Sylvester Smith—brings formal charges against him. In the “trial,” however, the accuser quickly becomes the accused, and to avoid excommunication Sylvester is forced to apologize profusely for his “false accusations” against “The Prophet.” A disgruntled, excommunicated Mormon--Doctor Philastus Hurlbut--travels to western New York in late 1833 and collects numerous affidavits from residents of the Palmyra/Manchester area alleging that the young Joseph Smith, his father, and some of his brothers engaged in illegal, occult, “treasure-seer,” “treasurer-digging” activities during the 1820s, and were lazy and dishonest. Many of these affidavits are published by Pain
Conversos, Inquisition, and the Expulsion of the Jews from Spain by Norman Roth Pdf
The Jewish community of medieval Spain was the largest and most important in the West for more than a thousand years, participating fully in cultural and political affairs with Muslim and Christian neighbors. This stable situation began to change in the 1390s, and through the next century hundreds of thousands of Jews converted to Christianity. Norman Roth argues here with detailed documentation that, contrary to popular myth, the conversos were sincere converts who hated (and were hated by) the remaining Jewish community. Roth examines in depth the reasons for the Inquisition against the conversos, and the eventual expulsion of all Jews from Spain. “With scrupulous scholarship based on a profound knowledge of the Hebrew, Latin, and Spanish sources, Roth sets out to shatter all existing preconceptions about late medieval society in Spain.”—Henry Kamen, Journal of Ecclesiastical History “Scholarly, detailed, researched, and innovative. . . . As the result of Roth’s writing, we shall need to rethink our knowledge and understanding of this period.”—Murray Levine, Jewish Spectator “The fruit of many years of study, investigation, and reflection, guaranteed by the solid intellectual trajectory of its author, an expert in Jewish studies. . . . A contribution that will be particularly valuable for the study of Spanish medievalism.”—Miguel Angel Motis Dolader, Annuario de Estudios Medievales
According to legend, in 1492, 200,000 Jews marched from Spain, singing religious songs, led by their rabbis. They were called Sephardim. They left at the orders of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, whose Edict of Expulsion gave Spanish Jews the choice of conversion to Christianity or exile. To commemorate the five-hundredth anniversary of their expulsion, Yale Strom represents a memorable, beautifully crafted portrait of the subsequent Jewish existence in these secluded exilic lands--their sorrows, their courage, and the awe-inspiring attributes that have kept them religiously and culturally whole for half a millennium. From Spain, these courageous refugees settled in the Ottoman Empire--in Turkey, Greece, Yugoslavia, the Balkans and elsewhere. Traveling along perilous paths to uncertain futures, the pilgrims formed a new diaspora, a dispersion within a dispersion. As they found new homes in the strong and powerful Ottoman Empire, they of course longed for the land of Israel; yet, with steadfast tenacity, they determined to retain their Judeo-Spanish tongue (a composite of mainly Castellan, Turkish, Arabic, Greek and Hebrew words and idioms). With their strong-willed consciousness of Sephardic culture, they soon assimilated other Jews living along the Aegean Coast and in the Balkans. Even into the 1930s, two hundred thousand Jews of that region are Sephardim. But the Holocaust, and the aliyah to Israel and natural attrition due to ageing, has caused this number to dwindle to 50,000. Rich in historical detail, this tribute to Sephardic life reveals the Sephardim's contributions to Judaism throughout the world. Through vivid personal narrative and sensitive photography, it introducescurrent descendants of the exiled Jews--the Sephardim who still live in the countries where their ancestors sought refuge five hundred years ago. As well, it commemorates those Jews who chose to return to Spain and Portugal at the start of this century. An inspiring, highly readable account of a significant and dramatic chapter in Jewish history.
Author : Sarah M. Ross,Regina Randhofer Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG Page : 286 pages File Size : 54,9 Mb Release : 2021-11-22 Category : History ISBN : 9783110695533
Armenian and Jewish Experience between Expulsion and Destruction by Sarah M. Ross,Regina Randhofer Pdf
Jews and Armenians are often perceived as peoples with similar tragic historical experiences. Not only were both groups forced into statelessness and a life outside their homelands for centuries, in the 20th century, in the shadow of war, they were threatened with collective annihilation. Thus far, academic approaches to these two "classical" diasporas have been quite different. Moreover, Armenian and Jewish questions posed during the 19th and 20th centuries have usually been treated separately. The conference “We Will Live After Babylon” that took place in Hanover in February 2019, addressed this gap in research and was one of the first initiatives to deal directly with Jewish and Armenian historical experiences, between expulsion, exile and annihilation, in a comparative framework. The contributions in this volume take on multidisciplinary approaches relating to the conference’s central themes: diaspora, minority issues and genocide.
Examining the consequences of the removal of some 15 million Germans from Central and Eastern Europe after World War II, this text explores the impact of this human influx on the political development of West Germany, where more than half of those expelled settled, and analyses the consequences for Germany's foreign policy throughout the Cold War.
