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Against Health by Jonathan Metzl,Anna Kirkland,Anna Rutherford Kirkland Pdf
Looks at the cultural meanings of health, exploring it's ideologies, arguing that obtaining health is difficult because of cultural conventions, and offering ways to develop healthier options for one's body.
Against Health by Jonathan M. Metzl,Anna Kirkland Pdf
You see someone smoking a cigarette and say,“Smoking is bad for your health,” when what you mean is, “You are a bad person because you smoke.” You encounter someone whose body size you deem excessive, and say, “Obesity is bad for your health,” when what you mean is, “You are lazy, unsightly, or weak of will.” You see a woman bottle-feeding an infant and say,“Breastfeeding is better for that child’s health,” when what you mean is that the woman must be a bad parent. You see the smokers, the overeaters, the bottle-feeders, and affirm your own health in the process. In these and countless other instances, the perception of your own health depends in part on your value judgments about others, and appealing to health allows for a set of moral assumptions to fly stealthily under the radar. Against Health argues that health is a concept, a norm, and a set of bodily practices whose ideological work is often rendered invisible by the assumption that it is a monolithic, universal good. And, that disparities in the incidence and prevalence of disease are closely linked to disparities in income and social support. To be clear, the book's stand against health is not a stand against the authenticity of people's attempts to ward off suffering. Against Health instead claims that individual strivings for health are, in some instances, rendered more difficult by the ways in which health is culturally configured and socially sustained. The book intervenes into current political debates about health in two ways. First, Against Health compellingly unpacks the divergent cultural meanings of health and explores the ideologies involved in its construction. Second, the authors present strategies for moving forward. They ask, what new possibilities and alliances arise? What new forms of activism or coalition can we create? What are our prospects for well-being? In short, what have we got if we ain't got health? Against Health ultimately argues that the conversations doctors, patients, politicians, activists, consumers, and policymakers have about health are enriched by recognizing that, when talking about health, they are not all talking about the same thing. And, that articulating the disparate valences of “health” can lead to deeper, more productive, and indeed more healthy interactions about our bodies.
Protecting the U.S. Population’s Health Against Potential Economic Recessions and High Unemployment and the Endemic Inflation of Health Care Costs by Fritz Dufour Pdf
This book has three main parts: (1) the challenges of the U.S. health care system; (2) the impacts of economic recessions and high unemployment on the U.S. population’s health; and (3) recommendations or a look into what might improve the health care system. Part I, through a dissection of the challenges faced by the U.S. health care system, exposes the particularities and the vulnerabilities of the system. It shows the role played by businesses and employment in the U.S. population’s health and describes major challenges of the health care system such as astronomical health care costs, the average family health spending – which is exceedingly high, wasteful spending, death due to inaccessibility to health care, and the hardships that medical costs created for more than half of Americans. Part II is an analysis as to why do economic recessions have health implications. That analysis is done by considering the health implications of economic recessions both at the micro and macroeconomic levels and by considering the societal costs of uninsurance or inaccessibility to health care due to economic recessions and high unemployment. Part III primarily focuses on what can make the system better, that is more efficient and more cost-effective. Ironically, as Part III argues, there are a myriad of feasible recommendations that are waiting to be fully explored, agreed upon, adopted and implemented nationwide: · Design labor and fiscal policies aimed at preventing economic recessions and high unemployment o Blend labor and fiscal policies into structural reforms · Create job security and take other steps that guarantee health care security during financial hardship · Improve health outcomes through nationwide permanent supportive housing to combat chronic homelessness during economic recessions and high unemployment · Prioritize the use of more cost-effective medical technologies o Promote telemedicine to reduce costs and improve accessibility to health care · Eliminate health disparities thanks to the democratization of health care · Promote health literacy and the valorization of communities · Design policies or procedures that 1) promote health care costs reduction and efficiency through affordable insurance coverage and 2) eliminate Wasteful spending: o Extend drug coverage and implement cost-effective pricing policies o Extend coverage of more medical procedures and implement cost-effective policies On the other hand, Part III also sells the idea of a thorough and bold revolution in our health care system, which would make health care a right of citizenship. It does so by analyzing the political, social, ethical, and economic aspects of the issue. Furthermore, it argues that the relationship between universal health care and economics justifies the notion of “health care as a right of citizenship.”
Called "a must-read" by the AMA, this book reveals the problems within the HMO system that could cost people their lives. A "chilling portrait of the many ways in which HMOs can be hazardous to your health", says the "Cleveland Plain Dealer".
Innovating Health Against Future Pandemics by Simona Mellino,Enrico Santus,Antonella Santuccione Chadha,Dario Motti Pdf
Innovating Health Against Future Pandemics covers the key aspects which drive heterogeneity in an individual's response to COVID-19, including age, sex, genetic makeup, immune responses, comorbidities, and viral strains/loads. This book also reviews the case examples from other disciplines to highlight areas where precision medicine and AI could be applied for the improvement of pandemic management. This includes research, primary and secondary prevention, isolation/tracking, hospitalization and patient management, diagnosis, and treatments. Lastly, drawing on past experiences for each of the areas this book provides practical recommendations to manage future pandemics. COVID-19 offered an unprecedented occasion to test the impact of digitally enabled solutions within precision medicine for public health and for accelerating their deployment and adoption. Explores the benefits of AI technologies in triage, diagnosis, and risk prediction Reviews the innovative clinical trial designs in terms of platforms and decentralization Covers Healthcare workload, including remote monitoring to help prevent burnout
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 583 pages File Size : 49,7 Mb Release : 2017-04-27 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309452960
Communities in Action by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States Pdf
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Women Unsilenced by Jeanne Sarson,Linda MacDonald Pdf
Women Unsilenced explores the impact of unthinkable violence committed against women and girls through multiple perspectives—women’s recall of life-threatening ordeals of torture, human trafficking, and organized crime, society’s failure to recognize and address such crimes, and close examinations of how justice, health, political, and social systems perpetuate revictimizing trauma. Written by retired public health nurses who include their own experiences helped give voice and understanding to women who have been silenced. This book discloses their “underground” caring work and offers “kitchen table” research and insights, using women’s storytelling on multiple platforms to educate readers on the unimaginable layers of perpetrators’ modus operandi of violence, manipulation, and deceit. At times raw, painful, and shocking, this book is an important resource for those who have survived such crimes; professionals who support those victimized by torturers and traffickers; police, legal professionals, criminologists, human rights activists, and educators alike. It reveals how healing and claiming one’s relationship with/to/for Self is possible.
Pervasive violence against hospitals, patients, doctors, and other health workers has become a horrifically common feature of modern war. These relentless attacks destroy lives and the capacity of health systems to tend to those in need. Inaction to stop this violence undermines long-standing values and laws designed to ensure that sick and wounded people receive care. Leonard Rubenstein—a human rights lawyer who has investigated atrocities against health workers around the world—offers a gripping and powerful account of the dangers health workers face during conflict and the legal, political, and moral struggle to protect them. In a dozen case studies, he shares the stories of people who have been attacked while seeking to serve patients under dire circumstances including health workers hiding from soldiers in the forests of eastern Myanmar as they seek to serve oppressed ethnic communities, surgeons in Syria operating as their hospitals are bombed, and Afghan hospital staff attacked by the Taliban as well as government and foreign forces. Rubenstein reveals how political and military leaders evade their legal obligations to protect health care in war, punish doctors and nurses for adhering to their responsibilities to provide care to all in need, and fail to hold perpetrators to account. Bringing together extensive research, firsthand experience, and compelling personal stories, Perilous Medicine also offers a path forward, detailing the lessons the international community needs to learn to protect people already suffering in war and those on the front lines of health care in conflict-ridden places around the world.
Against Medical Advice by Luanne Linnard-Palmer,Ellen Christiansen Pdf
Refusal, delay, or limitation of medical treatments, including vaccines, is an increasing phenomenon facing nurses and other healthcare practitioners daily. When a patient or family refuses treatment—maybe even lifesaving treatment—because it is contrary to their social, religious, or cultural beliefs, it can plunge healthcare providers, families, and patients into a difficult, emotionally charged conversation. Complex and diverse ethical dilemmas such as this can profoundly impact the health, welfare, and mental and emotional well-being of everyone involved. What’s more, today’s nurses and healthcare professionals will almost inevitably face this situation or one like it. Against Medical Advice details many of the medical, legal, social, cultural, and religious factors associated with treatment refusals. Authors Luanne Linnard-Palmer and Ellen Christiansen prepare healthcare professionals to compassionately assess and understand people’s beliefs, cultures, and philosophical perspectives. Their proven strategies and step-by-step examples guide providers to consider the patient’s and family’s point of view, share concerns with other healthcare team members, and negotiate the best possible outcome for all involved. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1: When Medical Treatment and Patient Needs Clash Chapter 2: Overview and Reasons for Treatment Refusals Chapter 3: Childhood Vaccines, Hesitancy, and Refusals Chapter 4: Pediatric Healthcare, Ethics, and Children’s Rights Chapter 5: Legal Implications and Consent: Informed Consent, Assent, and Parental Permission Chapter 6: Legal Perspectives of Treatment Refusal: Refusal Defined Chapter 7: In the Name of Religion: Historical Influences to Legal Exemptions Chapter 8: Adult Medical Treatment Refusals, Limitations, and Delays Chapter 9: Overview of Religious Doctrines Chapter 10: The Importance of Cultural Competence Chapter 11: Professional Groups’ Reactions to Treatment Refusal: Nursing, Medicine, Researchers, and Journalists Chapter 12: Overview of Professional Interventions: Power Distance, Negotiation, and Safety Appendix A: Reasons for Parental Decisions to Refuse Medical Treatment Appendix B: Guidelines for Staff Facing Parental Refusal of Pediatric Vaccines or Medical Treatments Appendix C: Guidelines for Staff Facing Adult Refusal of Medical Treatments Appendix D: Loss of Parental Guardianship: Court Overriding of a Parent’s Right to Refuse Medical Treatment Appendix E: Common Concerns About Vaccine Administration Appendix F: Pandemics and Trust in Rapid Vaccine Creation, Distribution, and Mandates Appendix G: Best Interest and the Law: Should State Statutes on Child Abuse Be Modified? Appendix H: Spiritual Abuse Defined Appendix I: Resources for More Information AVAILABLE ON THE SIGMA REPOSITORY · Chapter 2: Overview and Reasons for Treatment Refusals · AMA Quick Facts ABOUT THE AUTHORS Luanne Linnard-Palmer, EdD, RN, CPN, is a Professor of Nursing at Dominican University of California in San Rafael, California, and a Pediatric Educational Consultant and Pediatric Clinical Nurse at Sutter Health’s California Pacific Medical Center in San Francisco. Ellen Christiansen, DNP, RN, FNP-BC, PHNA-BC, is an Associate Professor of Nursing at Dominican University of California, where she teaches Community and Public Health Nursing.
A Conspiracy Against Obamacare by R. Barnett,J. Adler,D. Bernstein,O. Kerr,D. Kopel,I. Somin Pdf
The Affordable Care Act debate was one of the most important and most public examinations of the Constitution in our history. At the forefront of that debate were the bloggers of the Volokh Conspiracy who, from before the law was even passed, engaged in a spirited, erudite, and accessible discussion of the legal issues involved in the case.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on the Science of Changing Behavioral Health Social Norms
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on the Science of Changing Behavioral Health Social Norms Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 171 pages File Size : 54,9 Mb Release : 2016-09-03 Category : Social Science ISBN : 9780309439121
Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on the Science of Changing Behavioral Health Social Norms Pdf
Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.
Shaping health policy by Mark Exworthy,Stephen Peckham Pdf
This collection examines the role that case-studies play in understanding and explaining British health policy. Overall, the chapters cover the key health policy literatures in terms of the policy process, analytical frameworks and some of the seminal moments of the NHS. They have been written by leading health policy researchers in sociology, social policy, management and organisation studies. The collection explores and promotes the case-study as an under-used method and thereby encourages a more reflective approach to policy learning by practitioners and academics. The book will appeal to under-graduates, post-graduates and academics in social policy, public management and health services research.