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Conquest, annexation, secession by force these belong to a statecraft which great powers after World War II seemed to have set aside for good. Russia in 2014 however brought them back. Aggression against Ukraine examines the stakes in Crimea, Donetsk, Luhansk and other troubled borderlands and for international law and public order as a whole.
Conquest, annexation, secession by force these belong to a statecraft which great powers after World War II seemed to have set aside for good. Russia in 2014 however brought them back. Aggression against Ukraine examines the stakes in Crimea, Donetsk, Luhansk and other troubled borderlands and for international law and public order as a whole.
What happens when the international community simultaneously pursues peace and justice in response to ongoing conflicts? What are the effects of interventions by the International Criminal Court (ICC) on the wars in which the institution intervenes? Is holding perpetrators of mass atrocities accountable a help or hindrance to conflict resolution? This book offers an in-depth examination of the effects of interventions by the ICC on peace, justice and conflict processes. The 'peace versus justice' debate, wherein it is argued that the ICC has either positive or negative effects on 'peace', has spawned in response to the Court's propensity to intervene in conflicts as they still rage. This book is a response to, and a critical engagement with, this debate. Building on theoretical and analytical insights from the fields of conflict and peace studies, conflict resolution, and negotiation theory, the book develops a novel analytical framework to study the Court's effects on peace, justice, and conflict processes. This framework is applied to two cases: Libya and northern Uganda. Drawing on extensive fieldwork, the core of the book examines the empirical effects of the ICC on each case. The book also examines why the ICC has the effects that it does, delineating the relationship between the interests of states that refer situations to the Court and the ICC's institutional interests, arguing that the negotiation of these interests determines which side of a conflict the ICC targets and thus its effects on peace, justice, and conflict processes. While the effects of the ICC's interventions are ultimately and inevitably mixed, the book makes a unique contribution to the empirical record on ICC interventions and presents a novel and sophisticated means of studying, analyzing, and understanding the effects of the Court's interventions in Libya, northern Uganda - and beyond.
Russia's Aggression Against Ukraine. State Responsibility, Individual Responsibility and Accountability by Alexander Antonov Pdf
Master's Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: 12, University of Southern Denmark, language: English, abstract: The majority of legal practitioners and liberal democratic states hold the same opinion: Russia’s annexation of Crimea and its support to the rebels in Eastern Ukraine constituted an act of aggression against the sovereign state of Ukraine. Four years have passed since fighting erupted in Ukrainian regions adjacent to Russia leaving thousands of innocent civilians dead, traumatised or homeless. Families have been torn apart. Despite a vast amount of evidence, Russia has continued to deny the facts that it breached international law by annexing a foreign territory and supporting the so-called Donetsk People’s Republic and Luhansk People’s Republic after the ousting of the former pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych at the end of the Maidan revolution in February 2014. Most researchers expounded on the international norms Russia has put at stake and pondered over Russia’s unreasonable legal justifications for its actions in Crimea. The Ukraine crisis has been dealt with extensively both from a political science and legal perspective but only a few scholars discussed the tools international law provide to establish Russia’s responsibility for its wrongful conduct and to hold individuals responsible, suspected of having committed crimes against humanity and war crimes on Ukrainian territory. Scrutinizing Ukraine’s recent application at the International Court of Justice on the basis of two treaties, the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, and analysing Ukraine’s acceptance of the ICC jurisdiction pursuant to Art. 12(3) of the Rome Statute, this author aimed to identify the tools and barriers of international law in the context of establishing state and, respectively, individual responsibility. An analysis of the role of the UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine complemented the former two perspectives. Whereas the ICJ and the ICC can enforce international law and hold either states (ICJ) or individuals responsible (ICC), the HRMMU was examined for the purpose of creating accountability for grave violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law.
The Use of Force against Ukraine and International Law by Sergey Sayapin,Evhen Tsybulenko Pdf
Written by a team of international lawyers from Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean, this book analyses some of the most significant aspects of the ongoing armed conflict between the Russian Federation and Ukraine. As challenging as this conflict is for the international legal order, it also offers lessons to be learned by the States concerned, and by other States alike. The book analyses the application of international law in this conflict, and suggests ways for this law’s progressive development. It will be useful to practitioners of international law working at national Ministries of Defence, Justice, and Foreign Affairs, as well as in Parliaments, to lawyers of international organizations, and to national and international judges dealing with matters of public international law, international humanitarian law and criminal law. It will also be of interest to scholars and students of international law, and to historians of international relations. Sergey Sayapin is Assistant Professor in International and Criminal Law at the School of Law of the KIMEP University in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Evhen Tsybulenko is Professor of Law at the Department of Law of the Tallinn University of Technology in Tallinn, Estonia.
Author : László. Andor,Uwe Optenhögel Publisher : London School of Economics and Political Science Page : 0 pages File Size : 54,5 Mb Release : 2023-06-15 Category : Political Science ISBN : 1913019888
Europe and the War in Ukraine by László. Andor,Uwe Optenhögel Pdf
Russia's aggression against Ukraine in February 2022 shook the world and has caused immense suffering and destruction in the invaded country. All indications are that the war will drag on deep into 2023. Until now the conflict has been highly dynamic, both militarily and politically. Ambitions, objectives and achievements have been as dynamic as the policies of the stakeholders involved. While not a military player itself, the European Union has emerged as a significant actor by aiding the Ukrainian war effort, supporting refugees, sanctioning Russia and turning Ukraine into a candidate for EU membership. This book tracks these developments and looks at the key aspects of the war from a European perspective. Beyond the causes and consequences of the war, it explores how Europe - and, more specifically, the EU - has performed during the conflict: something that is likely to determine the future of our continent in many ways.
Philosophers on the Russian Aggression in Ukraine by Jonas Vanbrabant Pdf
The Russian aggression in Ukraine, culminated in its invasion on 24 February 2022, has left friend nor foe untouched and continues to shock the international philosophical community. In order to offer a wide range of perspectives on this predicament that affects each and every one of us, the present volume brings together ten philosophers – from France to Georgia, from students to professionals and professors – who shed different lights on the war. They have been asked to express themselves parrhesiastically, in other words to speak boldly, putting themselves on the line, from their personal aim at the truth and for the common good, therefore in the form of essays rather than standard scientific articles.
"The conflict in Ukraine appears to have all the ingredients for cyber war. Moscow and Kyiv are playing for the highest geopolitical stakes, and both countries possess a high level of expertise in information technology and computer hacking. However, there are still many sceptics of cyber war, and more questions than answers. Malicious code has served criminals and spies very well, but can cyber attacks offer soldiers more than a tactical edge on the battlefield? Can they have a strategic effect? And what norms should be established in international relations to govern nation-state hacking in peacetime and in war? The book serves as a benchmark in the early history of Internet-era warfare. It features 18 chapters by scholars and practitioners who identify the case's tactical and strategic implications, discuss their significance for policy and law, and analyse ongoing information operations. For world leaders and system administrators alike, the 'cyber dimension' of the Russo-Ukrainian crisis offers many lessons and sheds light on whether cyber war is still closer to science fiction than reality. This case study, which examines the Ukraine crisis between 2013-2015, demonstrates that cyber attacks have been used in a broader strategy of information warfare. They encompass digital propaganda, denial-of-service (DoS) campaigns, website defacements, information leaks by hacktivist groups, and cutting-edge cyber espionage malware. However, apart from disruptions to Internet connectivity between Crimea, Donbass, and the rest of Ukraine, there have been no known attacks against civilian or military critical infrastructures. Does this mean that Russia--considered by many to be one of the leading cyber powers in the world--is voluntarily showing restraint? And what are the scenarios in which we could see an escalation of this conflict in cyberspace?"--
Atlantic Council,Ivo H. Daalder,Michèle A. Flournoy,John Herbst,Jan Lodall,Steven Pifer,Brookings Institution,James Stavridis,Chicago Council on Global Affairs,Strobe Talbott,Charles Wald,Atlantic Council of the United States
Author : Atlantic Council,Ivo H. Daalder,Michèle A. Flournoy,John Herbst,Jan Lodall,Steven Pifer,Brookings Institution,James Stavridis,Chicago Council on Global Affairs,Strobe Talbott,Charles Wald,Atlantic Council of the United States Publisher : Unknown Page : 12 pages File Size : 40,8 Mb Release : 2015-02-02 Category : Internal security ISBN : 1619774712
Preserving Ukraine's Independence, Resisting Russian Aggression by Atlantic Council,Ivo H. Daalder,Michèle A. Flournoy,John Herbst,Jan Lodall,Steven Pifer,Brookings Institution,James Stavridis,Chicago Council on Global Affairs,Strobe Talbott,Charles Wald,Atlantic Council of the United States Pdf
The report is informed by and summarizes discussions in January with senior NATO officials in Brussels and senior Ukrainian civilian and military officials in Kyiv and at the Ukrainian 'anti-terror operation' headquarters in Kramatorsk, in eastern Ukraine. The focus of this assistance should be on enhancing Ukraine's defensive capabilities, including by providing counter-battery radars to pinpoint the origin of long-range rocket and artillery strikes, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), electronic counter-measures for use against opposing UAVs, secure communications capabilities, armored Humvees and medical support equipment. In addition, it should include lethal defensive capabilities, especially light anti-armor missiles. The report's authors collectively urge the Obama administration and NATO member governments to move rapidly and implement the aforementioned recommendations. They write, "President Putin may hope to achieve glory through restoring, through intimidation and force, Russian dominion over its neighbors. But a peaceful world requires opposing this through decisive action."
"Media and public discussion tends to understand Russian politics as a direct reflection of Vladimir Putin's seeming omnipotence or Russia's unique history and culture. Yet Russia is remarkably similar to other autocracies -- and recognizing this illuminates the inherent limits to Putin's power. Weak Strongman challenges the conventional wisdom about Putin's Russia, highlighting the difficult trade-offs that confront the Kremlin on issues ranging from election fraud and repression to propaganda and foreign policy. Drawing on three decades of his own on-the-ground experience and research as well as insights from a new generation of social scientists that have received little attention outside academia, Timothy Frye reveals how much we overlook about today's Russia when we focus solely on Putin or Russian exceptionalism. Frye brings a new understanding to a host of crucial questions: How popular is Putin? Is Russian propaganda effective? Why are relations with the West so fraught? Can Russian cyber warriors really swing foreign elections? In answering these and other questions, Frye offers a highly accessible reassessment of Russian politics that highlights the challenges of governing Russia and the nature of modern autocracy. Rich in personal anecdotes and cutting-edge social science, Weak Strongman offers the best evidence available about how Russia actually works"--
