Agricultural Extension Reforms In South Asia

Author : Suresh Chandra Babu,P.K. Joshi
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-27
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780128187531

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Agricultural Extension Reforms in South Asia by Suresh Chandra Babu,P.K. Joshi Pdf

Agricultural Extension Reforms in South Asia: Status, Challenges, and Policy Options is based on agricultural extension reforms across five South Asian countries, reflecting past experiences, case studies and experiments. Beginning with an overview of historical trends and recent developments, the book then delves into country-wise reform trajectories and presents several cases testing the effectiveness of different types (public and private) and forms (nutrition extension, livestock extension) of extension systems. Further, the book provides a comprehensive overview of challenges and constraints faced in formulating and implementing reforms, tying the results into a concrete set of lessons and highlighting areas that require further research. In addition, the book discusses how a major aspect of agricultural development is the productivity increase from the knowledge base of farmers, and how translating research results into a knowledge base for farmers requires designing and implementing well-functioning extension programs. Presents the current challenges and solutions by region, and provides insights for application in global settings Provides key foundational information for the effective and efficient design of future intervention programs Includes workshops and presentations based on real-world research of specific aspects of extension systems and provision of advisory and consultation services to various governments

Author : Ashok K. Mishra,Anjani Kumar,Pramod K. Joshi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000336276

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Transforming Agriculture in South Asia by Ashok K. Mishra,Anjani Kumar,Pramod K. Joshi Pdf

Debates about public expenditure in the agricultural sector have reopened in many developing and emerging economies because of high budget deficits and changes in public opinion. As a result, agricultural policy in many of these countries is beginning to take a more market-oriented approach to agrarian problems, most notably through the introduction of contract farming. This book explores the policy issues around contract farming and its transformative potential and addresses the lack of empirical research on this topic by focusing on South Asia: principally India, Bangladesh and Nepal. The book first addresses the effects of contract farming (vertical coordination) on productivity, food security indicators (yield, consumption expenditures, prices), employment and input usage. Then it draws lessons from the South Asian case studies on the impact of institutional changes, like contract farming, on income and food security of smallholder households. The core of the book includes case study chapters on several commodities that are produced under contract farming, including vegetables and fisheries in Bangladesh, low-value crops in Nepal and coffee in India. Other chapters also explore contracts, storage, input usage and technical efficiency in these cases. This book serves as an essential guide to academics, researchers, students, legislative liaisons and think tank groups interested in agrarian issues, agricultural economics and agricultural policy in emerging economies and particularly in South Asia.

Author : Gilbert Etienne
Publisher : Vikas Publishing House Private
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105018236104

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Rural Change in South Asia by Gilbert Etienne Pdf

What Will Be The Impact Of The Economic Reforms On The Countless Villages Of Bangladesh, India And Pakistan? To Answer This Issue, The Book Focusses On The Rural Economy And Its Links With The Actual Reforms.

Author : Kazbekov, Jusipbek,Qureshi, Asad Sarwar
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2011-12-19
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789290907459

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Agricultural extension in Central Asia: existing strategies and future needs by Kazbekov, Jusipbek,Qureshi, Asad Sarwar Pdf

Agriculture is at the forefront of the development objectives of the republics of Central Asia (CA). Since independence in 1991, these countries have undergone transitions from being centrally planned economies to market-oriented systems, which did not include the creation of agricultural extension systems. This paper provides information on the current status of the agricultural extension systems in CA with special reference to Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. We reviewed the existing extension strategies, donor- and state-driven initiatives to revitalize the agricultural extension systems, informal linkages that nongovernmental organizations play in helping a limited number of farmers, and provided recommendations on ways to further improve the agricultural extension services in CA. The information related to each country was analyzed separately. This is because, after independence, each republic in CA had initiated their agricultural reforms with specific objectives and has now established their unique agricultural systems that differ contextually. However, due to having the same history and agricultural system that existed during the Soviet times, we tried to give a historical perspective to the unified agricultural extension system that existed before independence.

Author : Meghnad Desai,Susanne Hoeber Rudolph,Ashok Rudra
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1984-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0520053699

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Agrarian Power and Agricultural Productivity in South Asia by Meghnad Desai,Susanne Hoeber Rudolph,Ashok Rudra Pdf

Economic policy analysis of the relationship between the political power of local government and productivity in the agricultural sector in South Asia - analyses the impact of social change on sugar cane agricultural production, as well as historical aspects of power structures in India; examines economic implications of local level power configurations, esp. As regards farm-level decision making; discusses determinants and varieties of rural mobilization. References, statistical tables.

Author : Jasbir Singh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 678 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Agricultural ecology
ISBN : UOM:39015038371558

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Agricultural Development in South Asia by Jasbir Singh Pdf

Agricultural development in South Asia (a comparative study in the green revolution experiences) is a pioneer work of its own kind and unique in nature. Its salient features are: It is a comprehensive and self-contained study covering an analysis of determinants of agriculture and agricultural attributes -- so, a cause-effect analysis. Agricultural development regions and agro-ecological regions have been delineated, and specific recommendations have been made for redressing the regionalimbalances in levels of agricultural development in the South Asian countries--so a planning-oriented study. The study is based on field truthing, personal communications, district-by-district data etc. The data have been presented in maps enlightening patterns and dynamics of agricultural inputs and outputs, and the cartographic work is of high quality. So far, no such in-depth study has been conducted, covering only the primary activity of the sub-continent and highlighting the green evolution experiences--so, a study related to the then and now as regards agricultural inputs and outputs. It will be a study of great relevance to the SAARC nations for planning purposes and making master plans for reducing regional inequalities in agricultural performance levels. Since this work is a pioneer attempt and is based on the field work and district-by district data covering the green revolution period (1967-68 to 1987-88), it is a work of its own kind and unique in nature. The greatest inequality in the use of agricultural inputs within the borders of South Asia is responsible for agricultural development differences. These range from the poverty in densely populated Bangladesh to agriculturally high-speed Punjab-Haryana region in Northwestern India. Moreover, South Asia includes the cold empties of the high Himalayan ranges where agricultural development has a special meaning. The agricultural face of South Asia has changed at a different rate because the diffusion of green revolution technology was not a universal scale. As a consequence, four levels of agricultural development were observed, such as: Very high level development with high speed change; High/medium level development with high/medium speed change; Low level development with low speed change, and Very low level development with very low speed change. Therefore, it is no longer desirable to write only a static geography of agricultural development of South Asia, and it is also equally important, above, all to examine, explain, identify and understand the recognisable ceaseless patterns of change in agricultural development levels.

Author : Peter G. Robb
Publisher : School of Oriental & African Studies University of London
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015041366678

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Meanings of Agriculture by Peter G. Robb Pdf

In this volume leading historians and economists from India and the West consider some persistent features and variable forces which explain changes through their impact on different levels of decision-making in agriculture. New light is cast on both the pre-colonial periods, and on currentdevelopment policies and problems.

Author : N. S. Randhawa,K. V. Sundaram
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105000043377

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Small Farmer Development in Asia and the Pacific by N. S. Randhawa,K. V. Sundaram Pdf

Author : Riikka Rajalahti
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2021-12-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464816819

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Agricultural Innovation in Developing East Asia by Riikka Rajalahti Pdf

Agricultural innovation has played a critical role in the economic transformation of developing East Asian countries over the past half century. The Green Revolution—in the form of modern seed varieties, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and modern machinery—has contributed to increased crop yields and farm incomes, and decreased poverty across the region. Although policy makers’ traditional focus on expanding and intensifying agricultural production has brought many benefits, the focus on productivity has come at a rising cost. The environmental sustainability of agricultural production is increasingly under threat. Moreover, as countries in the region have become more urbanized and demand for processed foods has risen, inadequate food safety systems and related food safety hazards have created a new form of food insecurity. As detailed in Agricultural Innovation in Developing East Asia: Productivity, Safety, and Sustainability, a new generation of innovation in agriculture has the potential to address the challenges of productivity, sustainability, and food safety to deliver a “triple win.†? To make the most of this promising wave of agricultural innovations, policy makers in the region will need to act to strengthen countries’ agricultural innovation systems. This effort will require a cross-cutting approach, including policy and institutional reforms, improved governance of countries’ agri-food systems, and efforts to build farmers’ and firms’ capacities to adopt new technologies and to innovate.

Author : Charles H. Antholt
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0821325108

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Getting Ready for the Twenty-first Century by Charles H. Antholt Pdf

The productivity growth of farming in Asian countries over the past few decades highlights the high returns on investments in agricultural research and extension made in the region. This publication examines the performance of agricultural research and extension programmes in Asia, including the World Bank's training and visit (TandV) system, the challenges they face, and ways of improving their relevance, responsiveness, and cost- effectiveness. Conclusions reached include the importance of raising agricultural productivity through new technology in order to promote long- term growth and poverty reduction, and the need for less intensive and more environmentally sound agricultural practices.

Author : Davis, Kristin E., ed.,Babu, Suresh Chandra, ed.,Ragasa, Catherine, ed.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2020-09-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896293755

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Agricultural extension: Global status and performance in selected countries by Davis, Kristin E., ed.,Babu, Suresh Chandra, ed.,Ragasa, Catherine, ed. Pdf

Agricultural transformation and development are critical to the livelihoods of more than a billion small-scale farmers and other rural people in developing countries. Extension and advisory services play an important role in such transformation and can assist farmers with advice and information, brokering and facilitating innovations and relationships, and dealing with risks and disasters. Agricultural Extension: Global Status and Performance in Selected Countries provides a global overview of agricultural extension and advisory services, assesses and compares extension systems at the national and regional levels, examines the performance of extension approaches in a selected set of country cases, and shares lessons and policy insights. Drawing on both primary and secondary data, the book contributes to the literature on extension by applying a common and comprehensive framework — the “best-fit” approach — to assessments of extension systems, which allows for comparison across cases and geographies. Insights from the research support reforms — in governance, capacity, management, and advisory methods — to improve outcomes, enhance financial sustainability, and achieve greater scale. Agricultural Extension should be a valuable resource for policymakers, extension practitioners, and others concerned with agricultural development.

Author : Mingsan Khāosaʻāt,Benjavan Rerkasem
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015050757791

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The Growth and Sustainability of Agriculture in Asia by Mingsan Khāosaʻāt,Benjavan Rerkasem Pdf

This book presents an extensive account of the green revolution's effect on the performance of Asian agriculture over the past two decades, as well as the second-generation problems that the green revolution is now experiencing.

Author : Jeevika Weerahewa,Andrew Jacque
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2022-04-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811632846

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Agricultural Policy Analysis by Jeevika Weerahewa,Andrew Jacque Pdf

This book is centred around various interwoven topics which are fundamental to policy analysis in agriculture. Key concepts and tools that are fundamental for the analysis of agricultural policies and programmes are presented. Key concepts introduced include, the role of the state in a market economy with examples from the Sri Lankan and other developing economies, the international trade environment, and conceptual frameworks for analysing important domestic and international trade policies. It also highlights interconnections among agriculture, development, policy and illustrates the extent to which the agricultural sector contributes in achieving economic growth objectives, equity and equality objectives and environmental objectives. The book takes the readers through the nature of agricultural markets in developing countries, with special emphasis on Sri Lanka, and illustrates how the degree of competitiveness is measured at various market levels using multiple indices and methods. Several tools, with accompanying case studies, for the analysis of policies and programmes are detailed. These tools include the GTAP model, gravity models, extended benefit cost analysis, and linear programming. Tools and models are applied to the analysis of trade policies and agreements, marketing policies, environmental services, extension programmes, land tenure reforms and climate change adaptations. Case studies in relation to the agri-food policy and strategy response to COVID-19 Pandemic are also covered. This book is of interest to public officials working in agricultural planning and agricultural policy, teachers, researchers, agro-economists, capacity builders and policymakers. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, development studies, and environmental sciences. National and international agricultural scientists, policy makers will also find this to be a useful read.

Author : Stads, Gert-Jan,Nin-Pratt, Alejandro,Omot, Norah,Thi Pham, Nguyen
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Agricultural research in Southeast Asia: A cross-country analysis of resource allocation, performance, and impact on productivity by Stads, Gert-Jan,Nin-Pratt, Alejandro,Omot, Norah,Thi Pham, Nguyen Pdf

Southeast Asia made considerable progress in building and strengthening its agricultural R&D capacity during 2000–2017. All of the region’s countries reported higher numbers of agricultural researchers, improvements in their average qualification levels, and higher shares of women participating in agricultural R&D. In contrast, regional agricultural research spending remained stagnant, despite considerable growth in agricultural output over time. As a result, Southeast Asia’s agricultural research intensity—that is, agricultural research spending as a share of agricultural GDP—steadily declined from 0.50 percent in 2000 to just 0.33 percent in 2017. Although the extent of underinvestment in agricultural research differs across countries, all Southeast Asian countries invested below the levels deemed attainable based on the analysis summarized in this report. The region will need to increase its agricultural research investment substantially in order to address future agricultural production challenges more effectively and ensure productivity growth. Southeast Asia’s least developed agricultural research systems (Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar) are characterized by low scientific output and researcher productivity as a direct consequence of severe underfunding and lack of sufficient well-qualified research staff. While Malaysia and Thailand have significantly more developed agricultural research systems, they still report key inefficiencies and resource constraints that require attention. Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam occupy intermediate positions between these two groups of high- and low-performing agricultural research systems. Growing national economies, higher disposable incomes, and changing consumption patterns will prompt considerable shifts in levels of agricultural production, consumption, imports, and exports across Southeast Asia over the next 20 to 30 years. The resource-allocation decisions that governments make today will affect agricultural productivity for decades to come. Governments therefore need to ensure the research they undertake is responsive to future challenges and opportunities, and aligned with strategic development and agricultural sector plans. ASTI’s projections reveal that prioritizing investment in staple crops will still trigger fastest agricultural productivity growth in Laos. However, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam could achieve faster growth over the next 30 years by prioritizing investment in research focused on fruit, vegetables, livestock, and aquaculture. In Cambodia, Myanmar, and Thailand, the choice between focusing on staple crops versus high-value commodities was less pronounced, but projections did indicate that prioritizing investments in oil crop research would trigger significantly lower growth in agricultural productivity.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789251344989

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Agricultural transformation in Asia by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Over the past few decades, some countries in Asia have been more successful than others in addressing poverty and malnutrition. The key question is what policies, strategies, legislation and institutional arrangements have led to a transformed agricultural sector, effectively contributing to poverty alleviation and addressing malnutrition. The great majority of national policymakers within and outside the Asia-Pacific region are keen to understand the causes of agricultural development and transformation in successful countries in Asia. A large number of studies have been conducted and some of them link specific public policies and interventions to successful agricultural transformation. However, there seems to be lack of focus on the policy, legislative and institutional environments that have enabled or impeded agricultural transformation in Asia. National policymakers are likely to benefit significantly from adequate and convincing information on successful and relevant experiences in successful transformation. Countries are interested in what their neighbours and peers have done, and why some have achieved impressive results. The main purpose of this study is to take stock of public sector experiences in facilitating and enabling agricultural transformation in selected countries in Asia. The study focuses on key public sector interventions, in particular policies, legislation and institutional innovations, because these areas have so far not been adequately researched.