Ambient Water Quality Guidelines For Diisopropanolamine Dipa Electronic Resources Overview Report Prepared Pursuant To Section 2 E Of The Environment Management Act 1981
Ambient Water Quality Guidelines For Diisopropanolamine Dipa Electronic Resources Overview Report Prepared Pursuant To Section 2 E Of The Environment Management Act 1981 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Ambient Water Quality Guidelines For Diisopropanolamine Dipa Electronic Resources Overview Report Prepared Pursuant To Section 2 E Of The Environment Management Act 1981 book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Ambient Water Quality Guidelines for Diisopropanolamine (DIPA) [electronic Resources] : Overview Report : Prepared Pursuant to Section 2(e) of the Environment Management Act, 1981 by Narender K. Nagpal,British Columbia. Water Protection Section Pdf
This document is one of a series that establishes ambient water quality guidelines for British Columbia. The introduction summarizes the properties of diisopropanolamine (DIPA), an organic chemical used in a wide variety of commercial, industrial, & household applications, and reviews the literature on the toxicology of DIPA. The document then sets guidelines for DIPA to protect source water for drinking, freshwater aquatic life, recreation, crop irrigation, and livestock watering. The rationale for the maximum DIPA concentration limits set in the guidelines is also explained. The final section describes application of the guidelines.
Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Chlorine by Howard J. Singleton,BC Environment. Water Management Division,British Columbia. Ministry of Environment Pdf
Soil and Groundwater Remediation Guidelines for Monoethanolamine and Diethanolamine by Alberta. Alberta Environment Pdf
The alkanolamine product family consists of ethanol-, isopropanol-, and butanol-substituted amines and includes monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), triethanolamine (TEA), and diisopropanolamine (DIPA). The alkanolamines considered in this report include MEA and DEA, and are referred to as the "Amines". Since their introduction in the late 1920s, the Amines have received widespread use in industrial processes and consumer products. No soil or groundwater remediation guidelines have been published to date for any of the Amines by either Alberta Environment (AENV) or the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). This document develops proposed soil and groundwater remediation guidelines for MEA and DEA consistent with the Alberta Environment framework for the management of contaminated sites. Appendices A and B provide degradation and toxicological data specific to MEA and DEA.--Document.
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Technologies by Ting Wang,Gary J. Stiegel Pdf
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Technologies discusses this innovative power generation technology that combines modern coal gasification technology with both gas turbine and steam turbine power generation, an important emerging technology which has the potential to significantly improve the efficiencies and emissions of coal power plants. The advantages of this technology over conventional pulverized coal power plants include fuel flexibility, greater efficiencies, and very low pollutant emissions. The book reviews the current status and future developments of key technologies involved in IGCC plants and how they can be integrated to maximize efficiency and reduce the cost of electricity generation in a carbon-constrained world. The first part of this book introduces the principles of IGCC systems and the fuel types for use in IGCC systems. The second part covers syngas production within IGCC systems. The third part looks at syngas cleaning, the separation of CO2 and hydrogen enrichment, with final sections describing the gas turbine combined cycle and presenting several case studies of existing IGCC plants. Provides an in-depth, multi-contributor overview of integrated gasification combined cycle technologies Reviews the current status and future developments of key technologies involved in IGCC plants Provides several case studies of existing IGCC plants around the world
Natural gas is considered the dominant worldwide bridge between fossil fuels of today and future resources of tomorrow. Thanks to the recent shale boom in North America, natural gas is in a surplus and quickly becoming a major international commodity. Stay current with conventional and now unconventional gas standards and procedures with Natural Gas Processing: Technology and Engineering Design. Covering the entire natural gas process, Bahadori's must-have handbook provides everything you need to know about natural gas, including: Fundamental background on natural gas properties and single/multiphase flow factors How to pinpoint equipment selection criteria, such as US and international standards, codes, and critical design considerations A step-by-step simplification of the major gas processing procedures, like sweetening, dehydration, and sulfur recovery Detailed explanation on plant engineering and design steps for natural gas projects, helping managers and contractors understand how to schedule, plan, and manage a safe and efficient processing plant Covers both conventional and unconventional gas resources such as coal bed methane and shale gas Bridges natural gas processing with basic and advanced engineering design of natural gas projects including real world case studies Digs deeper with practical equipment sizing calculations for flare systems, safety relief valves, and control valves
Advanced Natural Gas Engineering by Xiuli Wang,Michael Economides Pdf
Natural gas is playing an increasing role in meeting world energy demands because of its abundance, versatility, and its clean burning nature. As a result, lots of new gas exploration, field development and production activities are under way, especially in places where natural gas until recently was labeled as “stranded . Because a significant portion of natural gas reserves worldwide are located across bodies of water, gas transportation in the form of LNG or CNG becomes an issue as well. Finally natural gas is viewed in comparison to the recently touted alternatives. Therefore, there is a need to have a book covering all the unique aspects and challenges related to natural gas from the upstream to midstream and downstream. All these new issues have not been addressed in depth in any existing book. To bridge the gap, Xiuli Wang and Michael Economides have written a new book called Advanced Natural Gas Engineering. This book will serve as a reference for all engineers and professionals in the energy business. It can also be a textbook for students in petroleum and chemical engineering curricula and in training departments for a large group of companies.
Prospects for CO2 Capture and Storage by Dolf Gielen,Jacek Podkański,International Energy Agency Pdf
Fossil fuels will be used extensively and CO2 emissions will rise over the next half century, if no new policies are put in place. It is clear that such a development is not sustainable. A number of options exist that can reduce the CO2 emissions from the energy system. These include improved energy efficiency and a switch to renewable and nuclear energy. However, policies based on these options will, at best, only partly solve the problem. Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies constitute another promising option that can drastically reduce these emissions. To accomplish this, governments need to take action now to ensure that CCS technologies are developed and deployed on a large scale over the next few decades. This publication describes the challenges that must be overcome for a CCS strategy to reach market introduction and achieve its full potential within the next 30-50 years. The quantitative and qualitative analyzes in this book reveal that large-scale uptake of capture and storage technologies is probably 10 years off, and that without a major increase in RD&D investment, the technology will not be in place to realize its full potential in the coming decades. Effective emission reduction incentives will be needed to achieve market deployment from 2015 onward. Additional policies will have to be implemented to remove barriers and reduce uncertainties. If the right action is taken, CCS could become an essential 'transition technology' to a sustainable energy system for the next 50 to 100 years.
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Saranya Kuppusamy,Naga Raju Maddela,Mallavarapu Megharaj,Kadiyala Venkateswarlu Pdf
The term “total petroleum hydrocarbons” (TPHs) is used for any mixture of several hundred hydrocarbons found in crude oil, and they represent the sum of volatile petroleum hydrocarbons and extractable petroleum hydrocarbons. The petrol-range organics include hydrocarbons from C6 to C10, while diesel-range organics are C10-C28 hydrocarbons. Environmental pollution by petroleum hydrocarbons is one of the major global concerns, particularly in oil-yielding countries. In fact, there are more than five million potentially contaminated areas worldwide that represent, in general, a lost economic opportunity and a threat to the health and well-being of humans and the environment. Petroleum-contaminated sites constitute almost one-third of the total sites polluted with chemicals around the globe. The land contamination caused by industrialization was recognized as early as the 1960s, but less than a tenth of potentially contaminated lands have been remediated due to the nature of the contamination, cost, technical impracticability, and insufficient land legislation and enforcement. This book is the first single source that provides comprehensive information on the different aspects of TPHs, such as sources and range of products, methods of analysis, fate and bioavailability, ecological implications including impact on human health, potential approaches for bioremediation such as risk-based remediation, and regulatory assessment procedures for TPH-contaminated sites. As such, it is a valuable resource for researchers, graduate students, technicians in the oil industry and remediation practitioners, as well as policy makers.
Author : David A. Bell,Brian F. Towler,Maohong Fan Publisher : William Andrew Page : 414 pages File Size : 46,6 Mb Release : 2010-12-08 Category : Science ISBN : 9781437778519
Coal Gasification and Its Applications by David A. Bell,Brian F. Towler,Maohong Fan Pdf
Skyrocketing energy costs have spurred renewed interest in coal gasification. Currently available information on this subject needs to be updated, however, and focused on specific coals and end products. For example, carbon capture and sequestration, previously given little attention, now has a prominent role in coal conversion processes.This book approaches coal gasification and related technologies from a process engineering point of view, with topics chosen to aid the process engineer who is interested in a complete, coal-to-products system. It provides a perspective for engineers and scientists who analyze and improve components of coal conversion processes.The first topic describes the nature and availability of coal. Next, the fundamentals of gasification are described, followed by a description of gasification technologies and gas cleaning processes. The conversion of syngas to electricity, fuels and chemicals is then discussed. Finally, process economics are covered. Emphasis is given to the selection of gasification technology based on the type of coal fed to the gasifier and desired end product: E.g., lower temperature gasifiers produce substantial quantities of methane, which is undesirable in an ammonia synthesis feed. This book also reviews gasification kinetics which is informed by recent papers and process design studies by the US Department of Energy and other groups, and also largely ignored by other gasification books.• Approaches coal gasification and related technologies from a process engineering point of view, providing a perspective for engineers and scientists who analyze and improve components of coal conversion processes • Describes the fundamentals of gasification, gasification technologies, and gas cleaning processes • Emphasizes the importance of the coal types fed to the gasifier and desired end products • Covers gasification kinetics, which was largely ignored by other gasification books Provides a perspective for engineers and scientists who analyze and improve components of the coal conversion processes Describes the fundamentals of gasification, gasification technologies, and gas cleaning processes Covers gasification kinetics, which was largely ignored by other gasification books
The Science and Technology of Coal and Coal Utilization by Bernard Cooper Pdf
Filling the need for new and improved energy sources is an area where societal effects of science and technology will surely increase. The editors and authors have attempted in this volume to present the most current work on the science and technology of coal and coal utilization. Serious disagreement exists on several key issues such as carbon dioxide release and acid rain. At the same time, however, coal is the world's most abundant fossil fuel and will have to be used to supply the world's energy needs for the next several decades. The 1979 National Research Council Report, "En ergy in Transition: 1985-2010," has estimated that the United States alone may go from a 1979 coal consumption of 14 QUADS per annum (approximately 750 million tons per year) to approximately 40-50 QUADS per annum (approximately 2 billion tons per year) by the year 2010. If this scale of coal utilization is to become a reality, a significant level of research and development will be necessary to establish advanced process technologies and to improve related areas such as materials and instrumentation. The editors hope that this volume will allow a technically educated person to become aware of the several aspects of coal utilization, from characterization of coal itself to the processes of coal utilization. B. R. Cooper and W. A. Ellingson March, 1983 vii Contents 1. THE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF COAL AND COAL UTILIZATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Bernard R. Cooper and William A. Ellingson 2. COAL CHARACTERIZATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Capitalize on the Vast Potential of Alternative Energy Sources Such as Fuel Cells and Biofuels Synthetic Fuels Handbook is a comprehensive guide to the benefits and trade-offs of numerous alternative fuels, presenting expert analyses of the different properties, processes, and performance characteristics of each fuel. It discusses the concept systems and technology involved in the production of fuels on both industrial and individual scales. Written by internationally renowned fuels expert James G. Speight, this vital resource describes the production and properties of fuels from natural gas and natural gas hydrates...tar sand bitumen...coal...oil shale...synthesis gas...crops...wood sources...biomass...industrial and domestic waste...landfill gas...and much more. Using both U.S. and SI units, Synthetic Fuels Handbook features: Information on conventional and nonconventional fuel sources Discussion of the production of alternative fuels on both industrial and individual scales Analyses of properties and uses of gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels from different sources Comparison of properties of alternative fuels with petroleum-based fuels Discover All the Benefits and Trade-Offs of Synthetic Fuels • Fuel sources: conventional and nonconventional • Natural gas and natural gas hydrates • Petroleum and heavy oil • Tar sand bitumen • Coal • Oil shale • Synthesis gas • Crops • Wood sources • Biomass • Industrial and domestic waste • Landfill gas • Comparison of the properties and uses of gaseous fuels from different sources • Comparison of the properties and uses of liquid fuels from different sources • Comparison of the properties and uses of solid fuels from different sources
Handbook of Industrial Hydrocarbon Processes by James G. Speight Pdf
Written by an author with over 38 years of experience in the chemical and petrochemical process industry, this handbook will present an analysis of the process steps used to produce industrial hydrocarbons from various raw materials. It is the first book to offer a thorough analysis of external factors effecting production such as: cost, availability and environmental legislation. An A-Z list of raw materials and their properties are presented along with a commentary regarding their cost and availability. Specific processing operations described in the book include: distillation, thermal cracking and coking, catalytic methods, hydroprocesses, thermal and catalytic reforming, isomerization, alkylation processes, polymerization processes, solvent processes, water removal, fractionation and acid gas removal. Flow diagrams and descriptions of more than 250 leading-edge process technologies An analysis of chemical reactions and process steps that are required to produce chemicals from various raw materials Properties, availability and environmental impact of various raw materials used in hydrocarbon processing
Methanol: The Basic Chemical and Energy Feedstock of the Future by Martin Bertau,Heribert Offermanns,Ludolf Plass,Friedrich Schmidt,Hans-Jürgen Wernicke Pdf
Methanol - The Chemical and Energy Feedstock of the Future offers a visionary yet unbiased view of methanol technology. Based on the groundbreaking 1986 publication "Methanol" by Friedrich Asinger, this book includes contributions by more than 40 experts from industry and academia. The authors and editors provide a comprehensive exposition of methanol chemistry and technology which is useful for a wide variety of scientists working in chemistry and energy related industries as well as academic researchers and even decision-makers and organisations concerned with the future of chemical and energy feedstocks.
