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An Ontological Study of Death by Sean Moore Ireton Pdf
Examines conceptions of death as manifested in German literature and philosophy expanding on thanatological theories that distinguish between a metaphysical and an ontological view of human finitude. This book addresses the French philosophical treatment of death by Blanchot, Kojeve, and others in the wake of their German predecessors.
The Event of Death: a Phenomenological Enquiry by I. Leman-Stefanovic Pdf
Building upon the "preliminary conception of Phenomenology" introduced by Heidegger in section II of the Introduction to Sein und zeit,l one may say that a phenomenology of death would mean: "to let death, as that which shows itself, be seen from itself in the very way in which it shows itself from itself. " Does this mean then, that a properly phenomenological d- cription of death may reveal to us what death as a factical event is like "in the very way in which it shows itself from itself"? Although I cannot experience my death in order to describe it, may some kind of phenomenologica'l inference or "extrapolation"2 be the condition for a unique and privileged revelation of what it is like to be dead? There is an important element of phenomenological descr- tion which renders such an extrapolation implausible, and it involves what Husserl originally called the reduction to signi- cance or meaning. It can never be true for the phenomenologist, 1 Heidegger, Martin, Sein und zeit, p. 34. e. t. page 58. 2 Henry W. Johnstone Jr. thinks that while one cannot extrapo late from the experience of sleep to the experience of death, it may be possible to extrapolate from the phenomeno lQgy of sleep to the phenomenology of death. Cf. H. W. John stone Jr. , "Toward a Phenomenology of Death", in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Vol. XXXV, No. 3, 1975, pages 396-7. Cf.
Through examination of the death penalty in literature, Aaron Aquilina contests Heidegger's concept of 'being-towards-death' and proposes a new understanding of the political and philosophical subject. Dickens, Nabokov, Hugo, Sophocles and many others explore capital punishment in their works, from Antigone to Invitation to a Beheading. Using these varied case studies, Aquilina demonstrates how they all highlight two aspects of the experience. First, they uncover a particular state of being, or more precisely non-being, that comes with a death sentence, and, second, they reveal how this state exists beyond death row, as sovereignty and alterity are by no means confined to a prison cell. In contrast to Heidegger's being-towards-death, which individualizes the subject – only I can die my own death, supposedly – this book argues that, when condemned to death, the self and death collide, putting under erasure the category of subjectivity itself. Be it death row or not, when the supposed futurity of death is brought into the here and now, we encounter what Aquilina calls 'relational death'. Living on with death severs the subject's relation to itself, the other and political sociality as a whole, rendering the human less a named and recognizable 'being' than an anonymous 'living corpse', a human thing. In a sustained engagement with Blanchot, Levinas, Hegel, Agamben and Derrida, The Ontology of Death articulates a new theory of the subject, beyond political subjectivity defined by sovereignty and beyond the Heideggerian notion of ontological selfhood.
Heidegger on Death and Being by Johannes Achill Niederhauser Pdf
The book is the first detailed and full exegesis of the role of death in Heidegger’s philosophy and provides a decisive answer to the question of being. It is well-known that Heidegger asked the “question of being”. It is equally commonplace to assume that Heidegger failed to provide a proper answer to the question. In this provocative new study Niederhauser argues that Heidegger gives a distinct response to the question of being and that the phenomenon of death is key to finding and understanding it. The book offers challenging interpretations of crucial moments of Heidegger’s philosophy such as aletheia, the history of being, time, technology, the fourfold, mortality, the meaning of existence, the event, and language. Niederhauser makes the case that any reading of Heidegger that ignores death cannot fully understand those concepts. The book argues that death is central to Heidegger’s “thinking path” from the early 1920s until his late post-war philosophy. The book thus attempts to show that there is a unity of the early and late Heidegger often ignored by other commentators. Niederhauser argues that death is the fulcrum of Heidegger’s ontology and the turning point of the history of being. Death resurfaces at the most crucial moments of the “thinking path” – from beginning to end. The book is of interest to those invested in current debates on the ethics of dying and the transhumanist project of digital human immortality. The text also shows that for Heidegger philosophy means first and foremost to learn how to die. This volume speaks to continental and analytical philosophers and students alike as it draws on a number of diverse Heidegger interpretations and appreciates intercultural differences in reading Heidegger.
Death, a perennial problem for philosophers and theologians, is especially crucial in the thought of Martin Heidegger. This penetrating commentary presents the concept of death as a unifying motif that illuminates many of the difficulties and obscurities of Heidegger's philosophy. Heidegger comes to see death as revealing the ultimate meaning not only of human existence, but of being itself. He thus confers upon the concept a force and sharpness, an ontological depth which is found in perhaps no other philosopher. This study corroborates the much-debated "turning" in Heidegger's philosophy. Demslce finds death to be the key not only to Heidegger's treatment of man and being, but also the key to his shift of focus from man to being. All Heidegger's various approaches to the theme of death are considered -- his existential-phenomenological analysis of Dasein, his discussions of art, poetry, history, and language, and his new phenomenological approach to the ordinary things of life. The author approaches Heidegger on his own terms, allowing the philosopher to speak for himself. The present reading of Heidegger grows smoothly out of Heidegger's own intentions. The result is a revealing study of Heidegger's philosophy in its entirety, which answers some persistently perplexing questions about this difficult modern philosopher.
An Existential Understanding of Death by James Leonard Park Pdf
Normally we deny, evade, cover-up, and repress the deeper dimensions of death.Drawing on insights provided by Martin Heidegger,this book creates the new concept 'ontological anxiety',which differs both from the physical-biological-medical fact of deathand from our emotional-subjective-personal fear of ceasing-to-be.We begin by discussing 8 common ways in which we turn away fromour fear of ceasing-to-be and our even deeper ontological anxiety. This existential-phenomenological approachrequires a paradigm shift in our thinking about death,but we can hope that the new model will make better senseof what we already 'know' at our deepest levels of being. Full information on the Internet: http://www.tc.umn.edu/~parkx032/UD.html
Relating to Mortality. The Question of Death in Levinas and Heidegger by Ilgin Yildiz Pdf
Essay from the year 2019 in the subject Philosophy - Miscellaneous, grade: 63 (70 being distinction), Staffordshire University, language: English, abstract: The question of death is addressed through the philosophy of the Other in Levinas and the philosophy of Being in Heidegger. Levinas contests Heideggerian ontology as first philosophy and presents an ethical account to re-work themes that are related to the conception of death in the ontological approach. Adopting ethics as first philosophy, Levinas prioritises the Other over the Heideggerian Being, thus, attempting to traverse the ontological difference. Accordingly, the essential aim of the Levinasian philosophy is then, attaining meaning that "ontology does not exhaust" (GDT). Thus the philosophy of Levinas originates from the need to face "the epic of being", and go beyond it, rescue the radical Other: "To reduce every philosophical effort to the error or errancy of onto-theo-logy is only one possible reading of the history of philosophy" (ibid.).
Persons, Humanity, and the Definition of Death by John P. Lizza Pdf
In this riveting and timely work, John P. Lizza presents the first comprehensive analysis of personhood and humanity in the context of defining death. Rejecting the common assumption that human or personal death is simply a biological phenomenon for biologists or physicians to define, Lizza argues that the definition of death is also a matter for metaphysical reflection, moral choice, and cultural acceptance. Lizza maintains that defining death remains problematic because basic ontological, ethical, and cultural issues have never been adequately addressed. Advances in life-sustaining technology and organ transplantation have led to revision of the legal definition of death. It is generally accepted that death occurs when all functions of the brain have ceased. However, legal and clinical cases involving postmortem pregnancy, individuals in permanent vegetative state, those with anencephaly, and those with severe dementia challenge the neurological criteria. Is "brain death" really death? Should the neurological criteria be expanded to include individuals in permanent vegetative state, with anencephaly, and those with severe dementia? What metaphysical, ethical, and cultural considerations are relevant to answering such questions? Although Lizza accepts a pluralistic approach to the legal definition of death, he proposes a nonreductive, substantive view in which persons are understood as "constituted by" human organisms. This view, he argues, provides the best account of human nature as biological, moral, and cultural and supports a consciousness-related formulation of death. Through an analysis of legal and clinical cases and a discussion of alternative concepts of personhood, Lizza casts greater light on the underlying themes of a complex debate.
The Experience of Death by Paul Louis Landsberg Pdf
A timeless study of the 'Experience of Death' by a thinker who was to die early in a German concentration camp. He writes with freshness and vitality rarely met with in works of philosophy. Also includes 'The Moral Problem of Suicide'."The human race is the only one that knows it must die, and it knows this only through its experience." VoltaireAbout this Book: One of the great works of Twentieth Century Philosophy, its investigation and analysis of the "Experience of Death" is as important as that of Martin Heidegger in his 'Being and Time', though for many years unavailable and therefore underestimated. Paul-Louis Landsberg wa part of the group embracing Sartre, Camus and de Beauvoir. Landsberg approaches his subject-matter from the Christian point-of-view as well as from that of a secular existentialist. He was himself a Christian yet he did not force this belief upon readers through his writing. This is a book that makes a deep impact upon anyone who dares to accompany the author on his dark yet exciting exploration of the ultimate 'end'.About the Author: Paul-Louis Landsberg was born in Bonn in 1901. Having completed his studies he went on to become Professor of Philosophy at the University of this City, however, due to his opposition to Nazism he fled Germany one day before the coming to power of Hitler in 1933. Between 1934 and 1936 he held lecturing positions in Madrid and Barcelona, where his thought exerted a great influence over his pupils and where it is still studied avidly to this day. However, with the coming of the Civil War in Spain Landsberg transferred to Paris where he gave courses at the Sorbonne on the meaning of existence, at which time he also became closely involved with the journal 'Esprit', where his thought was very influential. At this time he also became friends with the 'Personalist' philosopher Emmanuel Mounier, whose themes were similar to those studied in his own works. A friend of Max Scheler's, and a disciple of some of his phenomenological methods, Landsberg was like him a Christian. He was hounded by the Gestapo for a long period of time and In 1943 Landsberg was deported from Paris for being of Jewish origin. He was transported to the Work Camp at Oranienburg, Berlin. He died of exhaustion in 1944.FEATURES: The Complete Texts of both these key works of Landsberg. Textual Annotations and a Select Bibliography of his works. Not only the "Experience of Death", but his equally important Essay "On the Moral Problem of Suicide" features here. Extract from the Book: "WHAT is the meaning of death to the human being as a person? The question admits of no conclusion, for we are dealing with the very mystery of man, taken from a certain aspect. Every real problem in philosophy contains all the others in the unity of mystery. It is necessary, therefore, to set a limit and seek a basis in experience for any possible answer: there are always problems of the utmost importance left on one side. Our enquiry would seem inevitable in the present state of philosophy, for we are far from having a metaphysics of death, as we have of life . . ."Contents of Landsberg's Two Essays: [The Experience of Death] I. The State of the Question; II. The Limitations of Scheler's Answer; III. Individualism and the Experience of Death; IV. The Death of a Friend, and the Experience of "Repetition"; V. The Ontological Basis; VI. The Death of a Friend, according to the Fourth Book of the Confessions of St. Augustine; VII. The Forms of Experience of Death; VIII. Intermezzo in the Bull Ring; IX. The Christian Experience of Death[The Moral Problem of Suicide] 1. Traditional Arguments; 2. A Personal View.There is no other Existential Analysis of Death to compare with this apart from Martin Heidegger's detailed analysis in his study 'Sein und Zeit' (Being and Time). Landsberg's work is intimately personal yet in spite of being Christian he not impose this on his thought though he provides us with Christian views.
Death and Mortality in Contemporary Philosophy by Bernard N. Schumacher Pdf
This book contributes to current bioethical debates by providing a critical analysis of the philosophy of human death. Bernard N. Schumacher discusses contemporary philosophical perspectives on death, creating a dialogue between phenomenology, existentialism and analytic philosophy. He also examines the ancient philosophies that have shaped our current ideas about death. His analysis focuses on three fundamental problems: (1) the definition of human death, (2) the knowledge of mortality and of human death as such, and (3) the question of whether death is 'nothing' to us or, on the contrary, whether it can be regarded as an absolute or relative evil. Drawing on scholarship published in four languages and from three distinct currents of thought, this volume represents a comprehensive and systematic study of the philosophy of death, one that provides a provocative basis for discussions of the bioethics of human mortality.
Understanding Death as Life’s Paradox by Brayton Polka Pdf
This book focuses on death as life’s paradox in order to test, to put on trial, what it means for us human beings to exist. No one of us chooses to be born. Yet, having been born, we must choose to have been born, to live, to exist. To exist is to choose to exist. To choose to exist is to live with our choices. This text argues that death is the limit of life, that we can live freely and lovingly, at once justly and compassionately, solely within the limit of death. It shows that we can develop a comprehensive conception of life, and also of death, solely insofar as we learn to overcome the dualistic opposition between philosophy and theology that continues today to falsify our understanding of not only the secular, but also the sacred.
"Death is a subject which has always been high on the philosophical agenda. But strangely enough the historically and traditionally most important aspect of that subject - the so-called transcendent problem of death, i.e. the question of what actually happens to mind or consciousness after physical death - is almost taboo-laden within modern academic philosophy." "It is, however, the contention of this book that a discussion of the transcendent problem of death makes good sense even on contemporary premises, granted the fulfillment of certain preconditions that should not be rejected offhand." "The main parts of this book deal with questions concerning the viability of preconditions such as mind-body dualism, a substance-theory of mind, a non-reductionist view of personal identity, the notion of 'a minimal self', the persistence of the phenomenal 'now' etc." "In this connection the author presents and evaluates a number of arguments pertaining to the view that, even though an individual mind may contain outward-directed functions that allow it to relate to physical and social surroundings, it has an ontologically peculiar self-enclosed mode of being relative to the physical world. Hereby an understanding of 'the ontology of mind' is achieved, which indicates the possibility of a revival of some old and extremely important metaphysical questions which are commonly and unjustly neglected - for instance the transcendent problem of death." --Book Jacket.
Reflecting on the Inevitable by Peter J. Adams Pdf
Death studies have, over the last twenty years, witnessed a flourishing of research and scholarship particularly in areas such as dying and bereavement, cultural practices and fear of dying. But, despite its importance, a specific focus on the nature of personal mortality has attracted surprisingly little attention. Reflecting on the Inevitable combines evidence from several disciplinary fields to explore the varying ways each of us engages with the prospect of personal mortality. Chapters are organized around the question of how an ongoing relationship might be possible when the threat of consciousness coming to an end points to an unspeakable nothingness. The book then argues that, despite this threat, an ongoing relationship with one's own death is still possible by means of conceptual devices, or 'enabling frames', that help shape personal mortality into a relatable object. In each chapter the subtleties and applicability of key ideas are enhanced through a series of illustrative narratives built up around the lives of four people at different ages living in two adjacent houses. Reflecting on the Inevitable is relevant not only to academics of death studies, but also those training and practicing in people-helping professions, as well as anyone experiencing or attempting to make sense of major life events.
