Anthropology And Historiography Of Science

Author : Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UOM:39015018315732

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Anthropology and Historiography of Science by Debi Prasad Chattopadhyaya Pdf

Whether history or anthropology is the most fundamental social science remains still a controversial and undecided issue. For a proper understanding of this instructive controversy, the presuppositions of these two disciplines need to be critically and philosophically reviewed. Otherwise the true perspective of the controversy remains undisclosed and therefore unintelligible. A close and comprehensive understanding of language as the basic form of the life-world provides the cues necessary to show correctly the complementary relation between anthropology and history. That synchronic or sociological and diachronic or historical perspectives of science are mutually supportive ways of representing the same social activities has been persuasively argued in this book. Chattopadhyaya has pointedly examined in this connection the conflicting views of Sartre and Levi-Strauss. Also, he has selectively drawn upon, critically assessed, and brought the theories of Husserl, Heidegger, Popper, Quine, and Kuhn to bear upon the problem. The author's conclusion centers around his own concept of human universals. The positive thesis of the book rejects the trichotomy of three cultures: scientific, humanistic, and technological. That this view is not a theoretical creature but a historical and cultural finding has been plausibly reasoned by Chattopadhyaya. The main trend of his reasoning clearly shows that the gulf between analytic philosophers and phenomenologists is either imaginary or highly exaggerated. In this specific case, the author, a student of Popper, perceptively aruges to the effect that if theorizations is primarily problem-oriented rather than "school-based," one can see one's way to rational solution in the convergent light of different but affine human or cultural origins. But his presentation and assessment of the views and arguments of Husseri, Popper, Quine and Kuhn are likely to prove controversial.

Author : Pascal Boyer
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2021-07-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781800642096

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Human Cultures through the Scientific Lens by Pascal Boyer Pdf

This volume brings together a collection of seven articles previously published by the author, with a new introduction reframing the articles in the context of past and present questions in anthropology, psychology and human evolution. It promotes the perspective of ‘integrated’ social science, in which social science questions are addressed in a deliberately eclectic manner, combining results and models from evolutionary biology, experimental psychology, economics, anthropology and history. It thus constitutes a welcome contribution to a gradually emerging approach to social science based on E. O. Wilson’s concept of ‘consilience’. Human Cultures through the Scientific Lens spans a wide range of topics, from an examination of ritual behaviour, integrating neuro-science, ethology and anthropology to explain why humans engage in ritual actions (both cultural and individual), to the motivation of conflicts between groups. As such, the collection gives readers a comprehensive and accessible introduction to the applications of an evolutionary paradigm in the social sciences. This volume will be a useful resource for scholars and students in the social sciences (particularly psychology, anthropology, evolutionary biology and the political sciences), as well as a general readership interested in the social sciences.

Author : E. Mendelsohn,Y. Elkana
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9789400984295

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Sciences and Cultures by E. Mendelsohn,Y. Elkana Pdf

Anthropological approaches to the sciences have developed as part of a broader tradition concerned about the place of the sciences in today's world and in some basic sense concerned with questions about the legitimacy of the sciences. In the years since the second World War, we have seen the emergence of a number of different attempts both to analyze and to cope with the successes of the sciences, their broad penetration into social life, and the sense of problem and crisis that they have projected. Among the of movements concerned about the earlier responses were the development social responsibility of scientists and technological practitioners. There is little doubt that this was a direct outgrowth of the role of science in the war epitomized by the successful construction and catastrophic use of the atomic bomb. The recognition of the deep social utility of science, and especially its role as an instrument of war, fostered curiosity about the earlier develop ment of scientific disciplines and institutional forms. The history of science as an explicit diSCipline with full-time practitioners can be seen as an attempt to locate science in temporal space - first in its intellectual form and second ly in its institutional or social form. The sociology of science, while certainly having roots in the pre-war work of Robert K.

Author : Robert L. Carneiro
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2007-05-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780306471797

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The Muse of History and the Science of Culture by Robert L. Carneiro Pdf

Is history more than (in Boswell's words) a `chronological series of remarkable events'? Does it have a pattern? Is it fraught with `meaning'? Can we discern its trends? What determines its course? In short, can a substantial and coherent philosophy of history be devised that offers answers to these questions? These issues, which have intrigued -and bedeviled - historians for centuries, are explored in this thoughtful book.

Author : Don Kalb,Herman Tak
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : History
ISBN : 1845450299

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Critical Junctions by Don Kalb,Herman Tak Pdf

"A book about theory and method in the humanities and social sciences. It reacts to what has become known as the "cultural turn," a shift toward semiotics, discourse, and representations and away from other sorts of determinations that started in the early 1980s and that has dominated social thinking for a long string of years. The book is based in a reconsideration of the meeting of two disciplines that helped to launch the cultural turn: anthropology and history. Specifically, it criticizes the ideas of hermeneutics and "thick description" (Clifford Geertz) that have come to play a key role in the encounter of anthropology and history and then in the cultural turn. It led to the renewed cherishing of what Gupta and Ferguson have called paradigms of "peoples and places," saturated pictures of universes, both small and large, of meaning ina more of less frozen standstill-an intellectual precursor to the cultural xenophobia of our times. Against this, the present book embraces praxis and "critical junctions": the connections in space (in and out of a relations of power and dependency, and what Eric Wolf has called the "interstitial relations" between apparently separate institutional domains. In this way the book adds to the current revival of institutionally based "global ethnography," which studies "up and outward" (the journal of Ethnography is a good example)."--Preface

Author : Jack David Eller
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2016-10-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317198253

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Social Science and Historical Perspectives by Jack David Eller Pdf

This accessible book introduces the story of ‘social science’, with coverage of history, politics, economics, sociology, psychology, anthropology, and geography. Key questions include: How and why did the social sciences originate and differentiate? How are they related to older traditions that have defined Western civilization? What is the unique perspective or ‘way of knowing’ of each social science? What are the challenges—and alternatives—to the social sciences as they stand in the twenty-first century? Eller explains the origin, evolution, methods, and the main figures, literature, concepts, and theories in each discipline. The chapters also feature a range of contemporary examples, with consideration given to how the disciplines address present-day issues.

Author : Karine Chemla
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : History
ISBN : 1402023200

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History of Science, History of Text by Karine Chemla Pdf

This book explores the hypothesis that the types of inscription or text used by a given community of practitioners are designed in the very same process as the one producing concepts and results. The book sets out to show how, in exactly the same way as for the other outcomes of scientific activity, all kinds of factors, cognitive as well as cultural, technological, social or institutional, conjoin in shaping the various types of writings and texts used by the practitioners of the sciences. To make this point, the book opts for a genuinely multicultural approach to the texts produced in the context of practices of knowledge. It is predicated on the conviction that, in order to approach any topic in the history of science from a theoretical point of view, it may be fruitful to consider it from a global perspective. The book hence does not only gather papers dealing with geometrical papyri of antiquity, sixteenth century French books in algebra, seventeenth century scientific manuscripts and paintings, eighteenth and nineteenth century memoirs published by European academies or scientific journals, and Western Opera Omnia. It also considers the problems of interpretation relating to reading Babylonian clay tablets, Sanskrit oral scriptures and Chinese books and illustrations. Thus it enables the reader to explore the diversity of forms which texts have taken in history and the wide range of uses they have inspired. This volume will be of interest to historians, philosophers of science, linguists and anthropologists

Author : Scott Atran
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1993-01-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521438713

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Cognitive Foundations of Natural History by Scott Atran Pdf

Inspired by a debate between Noam Chomsky and Jean Piaget, this work traces the development of natural history from Aristotle to Darwin, and demonstrates how the science of plants and animals has emerged from the common conceptions of folkbiology.

Author : Georgina M. Montgomery,Mark A. Largent
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 726 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2019-09-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119130703

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A Companion to the History of American Science by Georgina M. Montgomery,Mark A. Largent Pdf

A Companion to the History of American Science offers a collection of essays that give an authoritative overview of the most recent scholarship on the history of American science. Covers topics including astronomy, agriculture, chemistry, eugenics, Big Science, military technology, and more Features contributions by the most accomplished scholars in the field of science history Covers pivotal events in U.S. history that shaped the development of science and science policy such as WWII, the Cold War, and the Women’s Rights movement

Author : Regna Darnell,Frederic W. Gleach
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781496226273

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Centering the Margins of Anthropology's History by Regna Darnell,Frederic W. Gleach Pdf

The series Histories of Anthropology Annual presents diverse perspectives on the discipline's history within a global context, with a goal of increasing the awareness and use of historical approaches in teaching, learning, and conducting anthropology. The series includes critical, comparative, analytical, and narrative studies involving all aspects and subfields of anthropology. Volume 14, Centering the Margins of Anthropology's History, focuses on the conscious recognition of margins and suggests it is time to bring the margins to the center, both in terms of a changing theoretical openness and a supporting body of scholarship--if not to problematize the very dichotomy of center and margins itself. The essays explore two major themes of anthropology's margins. First, anthropologists and historians have long sought out marginalized and forgotten ancestors, arguing for their present-day relevance and offering explanations for the lack of attention to their contributions to theory, analysis, methods, and findings. Second, anthropologists and their historians have explored a range of genres to present their results in provocative and open-ended formats. This volume closes with an experimental essay that offers a dynamic, multifaceted perspective that captures one of the dominant (if sometimes marginalized) voices in history of anthropology. Steven O. Murray's career developed at the institutional margins of several academic disciplines and activist discourses, but his distinctive voice has been, and will remain, at the center of our history.

Author : Murray J. Leaf
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1983-10-01
Category : Anthropology
ISBN : 0231046197

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Man, Mind, and Science by Murray J. Leaf Pdf

Author : Roger E. Backhouse,Philippe Fontaine
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107037724

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A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences by Roger E. Backhouse,Philippe Fontaine Pdf

A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences exposes parallels and contrasts in the way the histories of the social sciences are written.

Author : P. Wenzel Geissler,Catherine Molyneux
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2011-09-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780857450937

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Evidence, Ethos and Experiment by P. Wenzel Geissler,Catherine Molyneux Pdf

Medical research has been central to biomedicine in Africa for over a century, and Africa, along with other tropical areas, has been crucial to the development of medical science. At present, study populations in Africa participate in an increasing number of medical research projects and clinical trials, run by both public institutions and private companies. Global debates about the politics and ethics of this research are growing and local concerns are prompting calls for social studies of the "trial communities" produced by this scientific work. Drawing on rich, ethnographic and historiographic material, this volume represents the emergent field of anthropological inquiry that links Africanist ethnography to recent concerns with science, the state, and the culture of late capitalism in Africa.

Author : Henrika Kuklick
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2009-02-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780470766217

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New History of Anthropology by Henrika Kuklick Pdf

A New History of Anthropology collects original writings from pre-eminent scholars to create a sophisticated but accessible guide to the development of the field. Re-examines the history of anthropology through the lens of the new globalized world Provides a comprehensive history of the discipline, from its prehistory in the ‘age of exploration’ through to anthropology’s current condition and its relationship with other disciplines Places ideas and practices within the context of their time and place of origin Looks at anthropology’s role in colonization, early traditions in the field, and topical issues from various periods in the field’s history, and examines its relationship to other disciplines

Author : Alfred Louis Kroeber
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Civilization
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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An Anthropologist Looks at History by Alfred Louis Kroeber Pdf