Approaches To Universal Health Coverage And Occupational Health And Safety For The Informal Workforce In Developing Countries

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Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety
Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 141 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2016-07-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309374064

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Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety Pdf

Universal health coverage (UHC) has been recognized by the World Health Organization as a key element in reducing social inequality and a critical component of sustainable development and poverty reduction. In most of the world UHC is sought through a combination of public and private-sector health care systems. In most low- and middle-income countries health systems are evolving to increasingly rely on the private sector because the public sector lacks the infrastructure and staff to meet all health care needs. With growing individual assets available for private-sector expenditure, patients often seek better access to technology, staff, and medicines. However, in low-income countries nearly 50 percent of health care financing is out-of-pocket. With the expected increase in the overall fraction of care provided through the private sector, these expenditures can be financially catastrophic for individuals in the informal workforce. In the global workforce of approximately 3 billion people, only 10 to 15 percent are estimated to have some type of access to occupational health services. The informal workforce is growing worldwide, and the degree to which its occupational health needs are satisfied depends on the capabilities of the general health care system. In July 2014, the Institute of Medicine held a workshop on approaches to universal health coverage and occupational health and safety for informal sector workers in developing countries. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop. Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries identifies best practices and lessons learned for the informal workforce in developing countries in the financing of health care with respect to health care delivery models that are especially suitable to meeting a population's needs for a variety of occupational health issues, including the prevention of or mitigation of hazardous risks and the costs of providing medical and rehabilitation services and other benefits to various types of workers within this population. These experiences and lessons learned may be useful for stakeholders in moving the discussions, policies, and mechanisms forward to increase equitable access to quality health services without financial hardship for the informal workforce.

Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety
Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 141 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2016-06-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309374095

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Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety Pdf

Universal health coverage (UHC) has been recognized by the World Health Organization as a key element in reducing social inequality and a critical component of sustainable development and poverty reduction. In most of the world UHC is sought through a combination of public and private-sector health care systems. In most low- and middle-income countries health systems are evolving to increasingly rely on the private sector because the public sector lacks the infrastructure and staff to meet all health care needs. With growing individual assets available for private-sector expenditure, patients often seek better access to technology, staff, and medicines. However, in low-income countries nearly 50 percent of health care financing is out-of-pocket. With the expected increase in the overall fraction of care provided through the private sector, these expenditures can be financially catastrophic for individuals in the informal workforce. In the global workforce of approximately 3 billion people, only 10 to 15 percent are estimated to have some type of access to occupational health services. The informal workforce is growing worldwide, and the degree to which its occupational health needs are satisfied depends on the capabilities of the general health care system. In July 2014, the Institute of Medicine held a workshop on approaches to universal health coverage and occupational health and safety for informal sector workers in developing countries. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop. Approaches to Universal Health Coverage and Occupational Health and Safety for the Informal Workforce in Developing Countries identifies best practices and lessons learned for the informal workforce in developing countries in the financing of health care with respect to health care delivery models that are especially suitable to meeting a population's needs for a variety of occupational health issues, including the prevention of or mitigation of hazardous risks and the costs of providing medical and rehabilitation services and other benefits to various types of workers within this population. These experiences and lessons learned may be useful for stakeholders in moving the discussions, policies, and mechanisms forward to increase equitable access to quality health services without financial hardship for the informal workforce.

Handbook of Socioeconomic Determinants of Occupational Health

Töres Theorell
Handbook of Socioeconomic Determinants of Occupational Health Book PDF

Author : Töres Theorell
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 704 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783030314385

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Handbook of Socioeconomic Determinants of Occupational Health by Töres Theorell Pdf

This anthology provides readers of scientific literature on socioeconomic factors and working conditions with the newest knowledge in this field. Since our world is subjected to constant change in accelerating speed, scientific reviews and updates are needed. Fortunately, research methodology in epidemiology, physiology, psychology and sociology is also developing rapidly and therefore the scientific community can provide politicians and policy makers with increasingly sophisticated and exact descriptions of societal factors in relation to work. The anthology starts in the macro level sphere – with international perspectives and reviews related to working conditions in relation to political change (the fall of the Soviet Union) gender, age, precarious employment, national economy and retirement. Two chapters relate to national policies and activities in international organizations. The second part of the book relates to the meso level sphere – with reviews on social patterns in distributions of psychosocial and physical risks at work in general as well as reviews on noise, shift work, under/overemployment, occupational physical activity, job intensity (which may be a particularly important problem in low income countries), digitization in modern work, climate change, childhood determinants of occupational health in adult years and theoretical models currently used in occupational epidemiology - demand/control, effort/reward, organizational justice, psychosocial safety climate, conflicts, bullying/harassment. This part of the book ends with two chapters on interventions (one chapter on the use of cultural interventions and one on interventions and their evaluation in general) and two chapters on financial aspects of poor/good work environments and evaluations of interventions. In the third part of the book the micro level is addressed. Here mechanisms translating working conditions into physiology are discussed. This starts in general theory relating basic theories regarding energy storage and release to psychosocial theory (extension of demand control theory). It also includes regeneration physiology, autonomic nervous system function, immunology and adverse behaviour. Sections in the Handbook: Macro-level determinants of occupational health: Akizumi Tsutsumi, Meso-level determinants of occupational health: Morten Wahrendorf and Jian Li, Micro-level determinants of occupational health: Bradley J. Wright

Global Occupational Safety and Health Management Handbook

Thomas P. Fuller
Global Occupational Safety and Health Management Handbook Book PDF

Author : Thomas P. Fuller
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-12
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780429509353

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Global Occupational Safety and Health Management Handbook by Thomas P. Fuller Pdf

This book was written with the belief that everyone globally has the right to a safe and healthy workplace. An 8-year old carrying bricks in the mid-day sun in Nepal, a pharmaceutical business executive on assignment in Bangladesh, or a mother polishing stone in her home in Tanzania; each has a fundamental right to a workplace free from risk of injury, illness, and death. Global Occupational Safety and Health Management Handbook is a broad presentation and discussion of the issues and obstacles facing the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) profession today in providing safe workplaces globally. Readers can use this book to find resources to assist in the development of their programs and to become informed about the basic structures of international OSH development and governance. Readers can also rely on this book to become more aware of global OSH issues and problems that they may be personally or professionally willing and able to help address. Seasoned OSH professionals can expect to learn about new ways to look at complicated and controversial topics. Young professionals and students can read this book to better understand the important global OSH interrelationships and challenges of the future. Features Serves as a one-stop resource for information on important international safety and health topics and issues Provides detailed information about international OSH tripartite, nongovernmental, and professional organizations Describes the various global OSH educational and professional development needs, and international approaches to expanding capacity and awareness of the profession Discusses controversial international OSH working conditions and explains their global impacts

Health Labor Market Analyses in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Richard M. Scheffler,Christopher H. Herbst,Christophe Lemiere,Jim Campbell
Health Labor Market Analyses in Low and Middle Income Countries Book PDF

Author : Richard M. Scheffler,Christopher H. Herbst,Christophe Lemiere,Jim Campbell
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016-10-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464809323

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Health Labor Market Analyses in Low- and Middle-Income Countries by Richard M. Scheffler,Christopher H. Herbst,Christophe Lemiere,Jim Campbell Pdf

This book, produced jointly by the World Bank, the University of California, Berkeley, and the WHO, aims to provide decision-makers at sub-national, national, regional and global levels with additional insights into how to address their workforce challenges rather than describe them. In order to optimize and align HRH investments and develop targeted policy responses, a thorough understanding of unique, country-specific labor market dynamics and determinants of these dynamics is critical. Policies need to take into account the fact that workers are economic actors, responsive to different levels of compensation and opportunities to generate revenue found in different sub-labor markets. Policies need to take into account the behavioral characteristics of the individuals who provide health care, but also the individuals who consume health care services and the institutions that employ health personnel. In other words, it is necessary to understand the determinants of both the supply (numbers of health workers willing to work in the health sector) and the demand for health workers (resources available to hire health workers), how these interact, and how this interaction varies in different contexts. This interaction will determine the availability of health personnel, their distribution as well as their performance levels, thus ensuring stronger health systems capable to deliver universal health coverage. The book is structured to be of use to researchers, planners, and economists who are tasked with analyzing key areas of health labor markets, including overall labor market assessments as well as and more narrow and targeted analyses of demand and supply (including production and migration), performance, and remuneration of health workers. The chapters, written by a number of internationally renowned experts on Human Resources for Health, discuss data sources and empirical tools that can be used to assess health labor markets across high-, middle- or low-income countries, but draws primarily from examples and case-studies in LMICs.

Economic Evaluation of Interventions for Occupational Health and Safety

Emile Tompa,Anthony J Culyer,Roman Dolinschi
Economic Evaluation of Interventions for Occupational Health and Safety Book PDF

Author : Emile Tompa,Anthony J Culyer,Roman Dolinschi
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2008-08-21
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9780199533596

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Economic Evaluation of Interventions for Occupational Health and Safety by Emile Tompa,Anthony J Culyer,Roman Dolinschi Pdf

Undertaking economic evaluations of workplace-based occupational health and safety interventions can be difficult, reflected by the significant lack of literature, evidence and guidance on the subject. Particular difficulties include: complex labour legislation; differences in the perception of health risks associated with work experiences amongst workplace parties and policy makers; the burden of costs and consequences being borne by different stakeholders in the system; conflicting incentives and priorities between the multiple stakeholders; lack of consensus about what ought to count as a benefit or cost of intervening or not intervening; multiple providers of indemnity and medical care coverage; and industry-specific human resources practices making it difficult to identify all work-related illnesses and injuries. In addition, most health economics methods books are designed for use in a clinical setting, which cannot be adapted for the workplace setting. In the face of such barriers, it is not surprising that few studies of occupational health and safety interventions contain an economic evaluation. This book aims to lay the foundations for a systematic methodology of economic evaluation of workplace interventions, by identifying the main barriers to research of high quality and practical relevance, and proposing a research strategy to remedy these weaknesses. Context chapters provide a wealth of background material ranging from a presentation of the broad conceptualization of work and health, to suggestions for strategies in confronting the dearth of data often experienced by occupational health and safety researchers. They take into account the varying institutional and regulatory approaches in different international jurisdictions. Specific topic chapters delve into the principles and application of economic evaluation methods relevant to this setting: study design, type of analysis, costs, consequences, uncertainty, and equity are all covered, providing guidance on analytical and decision making challenges. The concluding chapter synthesizes the summaries, conclusions, challenges and recommendations from across the book, presenting these in a reference case.

Enabling Women’s Economic Empowerment New Approaches to Unpaid Care Work in Developing Countries

OECD
Enabling Women s Economic Empowerment New Approaches to Unpaid Care Work in Developing Countries Book PDF

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 85 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264709959

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Enabling Women’s Economic Empowerment New Approaches to Unpaid Care Work in Developing Countries by OECD Pdf

As part of the OECD Policy Dialogue on Women’s Economic Empowerment, this report focuses on identifying what works to address unpaid care work and sheds light on how governments, donors in the private sector and civil society actors – among others – can design policies to support both those who need care and those who provide care.

Occupational Health in National Development

J. Jeyaratnam,K. S. Chia
Occupational Health in National Development Book PDF

Author : J. Jeyaratnam,K. S. Chia
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9810214650

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Occupational Health in National Development by J. Jeyaratnam,K. S. Chia Pdf

In the process of nation building, the health of the working population becomes a key factor. With the introduction of new technologies, foreign labour and changes in working patterns, the health of the working population will be affected. Health care workers, administrators and politicians will be confronted with these occupational health issues.This book outlines the various occupational health issues in national development and proposes a system of planning for the health services for the working population. It is the result of a two week ICOH Seminar where international experts addressed the issue of developing occupational health services for various countries.

Crossing the Global Quality Chasm

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Board on Global Health,Committee on Improving the Quality of Health Care Globally
Crossing the Global Quality Chasm Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Board on Global Health,Committee on Improving the Quality of Health Care Globally
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309477895

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Crossing the Global Quality Chasm by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Board on Global Health,Committee on Improving the Quality of Health Care Globally Pdf

In 2015, building on the advances of the Millennium Development Goals, the United Nations adopted Sustainable Development Goals that include an explicit commitment to achieve universal health coverage by 2030. However, enormous gaps remain between what is achievable in human health and where global health stands today, and progress has been both incomplete and unevenly distributed. In order to meet this goal, a deliberate and comprehensive effort is needed to improve the quality of health care services globally. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm: Improving Health Care Worldwide focuses on one particular shortfall in health care affecting global populations: defects in the quality of care. This study reviews the available evidence on the quality of care worldwide and makes recommendations to improve health care quality globally while expanding access to preventive and therapeutic services, with a focus in low-resource areas. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm emphasizes the organization and delivery of safe and effective care at the patient/provider interface. This study explores issues of access to services and commodities, effectiveness, safety, efficiency, and equity. Focusing on front line service delivery that can directly impact health outcomes for individuals and populations, this book will be an essential guide for key stakeholders, governments, donors, health systems, and others involved in health care.

Health Insurance Handbook

Hong Wang,Kimberly Switlick,Christine Ortiz,Beatriz Zurita,Catherine Connor
Health Insurance Handbook Book PDF

Author : Hong Wang,Kimberly Switlick,Christine Ortiz,Beatriz Zurita,Catherine Connor
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 141 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-01-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821389539

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Health Insurance Handbook by Hong Wang,Kimberly Switlick,Christine Ortiz,Beatriz Zurita,Catherine Connor Pdf

Many countries that subscribe to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) have committed to ensuring access to basic health services for their citizens. Health insurance has been considered and promoted as the major financing mechanism to improve access to health services, as well to provide financial risk protection.

Key Policies for Addressing the Social Determinants of Health and Health Inequities

Centers of Disease Control,Christoph Hamelmann
Key Policies for Addressing the Social Determinants of Health and Health Inequities Book PDF

Author : Centers of Disease Control,Christoph Hamelmann
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-27
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789289052658

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Key Policies for Addressing the Social Determinants of Health and Health Inequities by Centers of Disease Control,Christoph Hamelmann Pdf

Evidence indicates that actions within four main themes (early child development fair employment and decent work social protection and the living environment) are likely to have the greatest impact on the social determinants of health and health inequities. A systematic search and analysis of recommendations and policy guidelines from intergovernmental organizations and international bodies identified practical policy options for action on social determinants within these four themes. Policy options focused on early childhood education and care; child poverty; investment strategies for an inclusive economy; active labour market programmes; working conditions; social cash transfers; affordable housing; and planning and regulatory mechanisms to improve air quality and mitigate climate change. Applying combinations of these policy options alongside effective governance for health equity should enable WHO European Region Member States to reduce health inequities and synergize efforts to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Closing the Gap in a Generation

WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health,World Health Organization
Closing the Gap in a Generation Book PDF

Author : WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health,World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789241563703

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Closing the Gap in a Generation by WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health,World Health Organization Pdf

Social justice is a matter of life and death. It affects the way people live, their consequent chance of illness, and their risk of premature death. We watch in wonder as life expectancy and good health continue to increase in parts of the world and in alarm as they fail to improve in others.

Occupational Health and Safety

Chris Peterson,Claire Mayhew
Occupational Health and Safety Book PDF

Author : Chris Peterson,Claire Mayhew
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-26
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781351842617

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Occupational Health and Safety by Chris Peterson,Claire Mayhew Pdf

This text provides a theoretical and empirical approach to investigating the nature of emerging OSH (Occupational Health and Safety) epidemics across the industrialized world. The author of each chapter in this book deals with exposure to a particular OSH hazard and examines the epidemic nature of the resulting ill-health or injury outcome. The authors also evaluate the contribution of globalization and neoliberal policies in creating workplace environments which foster such new OSH epidemics.

Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety

Jeanne Mager Stellman
Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety Book PDF

Author : Jeanne Mager Stellman
Publisher : International Labour Organization
Page : 1232 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Arbejdsmedicin
ISBN : 9221098141

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Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety by Jeanne Mager Stellman Pdf

Revised and expanded, this edition provides comprehensive coverage of occupational health and safety. A new CD-ROM version is available which provides the benefits of computer-assisted search capabilities

Universal Health Coverage for Inclusive and Sustainable Development

Akiko Maeda,Edson Correia Araujo,Cheryl Cashin,Joseph Harris,Naoki Ikegami,Michael Reich
Universal Health Coverage for Inclusive and Sustainable Development Book PDF

Author : Akiko Maeda,Edson Correia Araujo,Cheryl Cashin,Joseph Harris,Naoki Ikegami,Michael Reich
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 75 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781464802973

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Universal Health Coverage for Inclusive and Sustainable Development by Akiko Maeda,Edson Correia Araujo,Cheryl Cashin,Joseph Harris,Naoki Ikegami,Michael Reich Pdf

The book synthesizes the experiences from Bangladesh, Brazil, France, Ethiopia, Ghana, Indonesia, Japan, Peru, Thailand, Turkey and Vietnam in implementing policies to achieve and sustain Universal Health Coverage. The study focuses on three aspects of UHC reforms: political economy, health financing, and human resources for health.