Arab Oil Policies In The 1970s

Author : Yusuf A. Sayigh
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2015-05-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317593881

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Arab Oil Policies in the 1970s (RLE Economy of Middle East) by Yusuf A. Sayigh Pdf

Until 1973 few people, either in the advanced, industrial countries or in the developing countries of the Third World, thought seriously on the issues and complexities involved in the production and marketing of the oil on which they relied. It was only with the sudden steep increases in oil prices that the oil industry became a matter of general discussion, and the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) became a front page topic for analysis and comment. However, real understanding of the organisation and its policies did not accompany this rush of interest and much confusion has followed. In particular, the Arab exporters have received the weight of the criticism although they have only a share in the market and not a monopoly. This book attempts to instil a greater mutual understanding between oil exporters and importers, although it is not a wholesale endorsement of Arab policies, by outlining the major policy areas in this field. It looks at new policy options and their implications in exploration, marketing and pricing and at downstream operations such as the petrochemical and gas industries. In conclusion, this study identifies the wide-ranging opportunities that the new oil policies have opened up for the Arab countries, in the national, regional and international context, and assesses and clarifies the responsibilities which accompany this success. First published in 1983.

Author : Yūsuf ʻAbd Allāh Ṣāʼigh
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1983-01-01
Category : Arab countries
ISBN : 0709923740

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Arab Oil Policies in the 1970s by Yūsuf ʻAbd Allāh Ṣāʼigh Pdf

Author : Yusif A. Sayigh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1983-01-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0608040169

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Arab Oil Policies in the 1970s by Yusif A. Sayigh Pdf

Author : David Wieblitz,Filipo Comazzi
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2006-07-23
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783638525756

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The oil crisis in the 1970s and its consequences for the world economy by David Wieblitz,Filipo Comazzi Pdf

Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Economic and Social History, grade: 2,0, Turku School of Economics (Department of economics), course: Economic History and Development, language: English, abstract: Nowadays oil is still the world’s most important single source of energy. The world’s industry is influenced by the cost of energy which, in turn, is influenced by the price of crude oil, taxation and other factors. If the cost of energy goes up, then prices of goods and services will increase, subsequently it will cause lower availability of products, higher transportation’s costs and in turn lower economic growth. The latter will influence negatively the efficiency and productivity of the whole world’s industry. This means that if oil prices go too high or too low there will be unlikely consequences for both oil producers and oil consumers. This paper analyzes the oil crisis of 1970ies. The first section concerns the history of the October War (6 – 23 October 1973) that led to the oil embargo, one of the most dramatic events for the world economy. The embargo lasted six months, beginning on 17 October 1973 and ending on 18 March 1974. The second section deals with the impact of the energy crisis on different countries. It caused terrible consequences for the economies of all industrialized countries such as recession, inflation, unemployment, lost economic growth and stagflation. But the essential question is whether the energy crisis was a real shortage or mainly a matter of politics.

Author : Ibrahim M. Oweiss
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105081469277

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The Dynamics of Arab-United States Economic Relations in the 1970s by Ibrahim M. Oweiss Pdf

Author : Yusuf A. Sayigh
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317593874

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Arab Oil Policies in the 1970s (RLE Economy of Middle East) by Yusuf A. Sayigh Pdf

Until 1973 few people, either in the advanced, industrial countries or in the developing countries of the Third World, thought seriously on the issues and complexities involved in the production and marketing of the oil on which they relied. It was only with the sudden steep increases in oil prices that the oil industry became a matter of general discussion, and the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) became a front page topic for analysis and comment. However, real understanding of the organisation and its policies did not accompany this rush of interest and much confusion has followed. In particular, the Arab exporters have received the weight of the criticism although they have only a share in the market and not a monopoly. This book attempts to instil a greater mutual understanding between oil exporters and importers, although it is not a wholesale endorsement of Arab policies, by outlining the major policy areas in this field. It looks at new policy options and their implications in exploration, marketing and pricing and at downstream operations such as the petrochemical and gas industries. In conclusion, this study identifies the wide-ranging opportunities that the new oil policies have opened up for the Arab countries, in the national, regional and international context, and assesses and clarifies the responsibilities which accompany this success. First published in 1983.

Author : Giacomo Luciani
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317236283

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The Oil Companies and the Arab World by Giacomo Luciani Pdf

For many years, vertical integration characterized the international oil industry, with the same company controlling the entire process from crude exploration and production to the retailing. This structure was radically transformed in the 1970s and this book, originally published in 1984, examines whether the dis-integration which resulted was a long-term trend or a temporary phase. It examines the attitude of the major international oil companies, discusses the policies adopted by oil producing and oil importing countries, and the limits of ‘government to government’ deals underlined. The political and strategic implications of re-integration are explored, and relations between oil exporters and importers, and between the USA, Europe and the Arab world discussed.

Author : Rüdiger Graf
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-04-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781785338076

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Oil and Sovereignty by Rüdiger Graf Pdf

In the decades that followed World War II, cheap and plentiful oil helped to fuel rapid economic growth, ensure political stability, and reinforce the legitimacy of liberal democracies. Yet waves of price increases and the use of the so-called “oil weapon” by a group of Arab oil-producing countries in the early 1970s demonstrated the West’s dependence on this vital resource and its vulnerability to economic volatility and political conflicts. Oil and Sovereignty analyzes the national and international strategies that American and European governments formulated to restructure the world of oil and deal with the era’s disruptions. It shows how a variety of different actors combined diplomacy, knowledge creation, economic restructuring, and public relations in their attempts to impose stability and reassert national sovereignty.

Author : Robert Lifset
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780806145631

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American Energy Policy in the 1970s by Robert Lifset Pdf

With Middle East blow-ups, pipeline politics, wind farm controversies, solar industry scandals, and disputes over fracking, it's natural to think that the energy policy debate is at its most intense ever. But it's easy to forget that energy issues dominated the nation's politics in the 1970s as well. Wars were fought, political careers made and unmade, and fortunes gambled and lost, all because of the vagaries of energy production and consumption, which held the American public and its politicians in thrall. This historical investigation focuses exclusively on American energy policy in the 1970s. Revisiting the last time energy issues came to the forefront of national political discourse, the essays collected here provide new insight into the energy crisis of that decade—insights with clear implications for our present dilemmas. Among a new generation of energy historians, the authors address questions of political leadership, foreign policy, supply, and demand. Chapters examine the politics of energy policymaking; efforts by American policymakers to increase supply and reduce demand; and the challenge of crafting American foreign policy as the Middle East emerges as the world’s leading oil-producing region. American Energy Policy in the 1970s reminds us of a wide range of policy successes and failures and offers an in-depth look at the complicated workings of such issues as café standards, alternative energy supplies, nuclear power, conservation, the strategic petroleum reserve, and the Carter Doctrine. This book restores historical clarity and context to the complex and politically freighted discussion of energy in America. It should inform and enlighten the discussion going forward.

Author : Meg Jacobs
Publisher : Macmillan + ORM
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9780374714895

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Panic at the Pump by Meg Jacobs Pdf

An authoritative history of the energy crises of the 1970s and the world they wrought In 1973, the Arab OPEC cartel banned the export of oil to the United States, sending prices and tempers rising across the country. Dark Christmas trees, lowered thermostats, empty gas tanks, and the new fifty-five-mile-per-hour speed limit all suggested that America was a nation in decline. “Don’t be fuelish” became the national motto. Though the embargo would end the following year, it introduced a new kind of insecurity into American life—an insecurity that would only intensify when the Iranian Revolution led to new shortages at the end of the decade. As Meg Jacobs shows, the oil crisis had a decisive impact on American politics. If Vietnam and Watergate taught us that our government lied, the energy crisis taught us that our government didn’t work. Presidents Nixon, Ford, and Carter promoted ambitious energy policies that were meant to rally the nation and end its dependence on foreign oil, but their efforts came to naught. The Democratic Party was divided, with older New Deal liberals who prized access to affordable energy squaring off against young environmentalists who pushed for conservation. Meanwhile, conservative Republicans argued that there would be no shortages at all if the government got out of the way and let the market work. The result was a political stalemate and panic across the country: miles-long gas lines, Big Oil conspiracy theories, even violent strikes by truckers. Jacobs concludes that the energy crisis of the 1970s became, for many Americans, an object lesson in the limitations of governmental power. Washington proved unable to design an effective national energy policy, and the result was a mounting skepticism about government intervention that set the stage for the rise of Reaganism. She offers lively portraits of key figures, from Nixon and Carter to the zealous energy czar William Simon and the young Donald Rumsfeld and Dick Cheney. Jacobs’s absorbing chronicle ends with the 1991 Gulf War, when President George H. W. Bush sent troops to protect the free flow of oil in the Persian Gulf. It was a failure of domestic policy at home that helped precipitate military action abroad. As we face the repercussions of a changing climate, a volatile oil market, and continued turmoil in the Middle East, Panic at the Pump is a necessary and lively account of a formative period in American political history.

Author : Duco Hellema,Cees Wiebes,Toby Witte
Publisher : Amsterdam University Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : History
ISBN : 9789053564851

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The Netherlands and the Oil Crisis by Duco Hellema,Cees Wiebes,Toby Witte Pdf

This incisive study examines the role of the Netherlands in the October War and the oil crisis of 1973. The authors contend that the actions of the Dutch government were hypocritical: the Dutch government faced a domestic crisis when an oil embargo was levied against them by Arab countries for selling arms to Israel; yet after oil began arriving again two months later, the Dutch rejected a proposal for a stricter interventionist energy policy within the European Union. A probing and thought-provoking study, The Netherlands and the Oil Crisis draws on previously unavailable archival sources to shed new light on a pivotal moment in contemporary Dutch history.

Author : Martin Beck,Thomas Richter
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2021-08-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781526149084

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Oil and the political economy in the Middle East by Martin Beck,Thomas Richter Pdf

The downhill slide in the global price of crude oil, which started mid-2014, had major repercussions across the Middle East for net oil exporters, as well as importers closely connected to the oil-producing countries from the Gulf. Following the Arab uprisings of 2010 and 2011, the oil price decline represented a second major shock for the region in the early twenty-first century – one that has continued to impose constraints, but also provided opportunities. Offering the first comprehensive analysis of the Middle Eastern political economy in response to the 2014 oil price decline, this book connects oil market dynamics with an understanding of socio-political changes. Inspired by rentierism, the contributors present original studies on Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. The studies reveal a large diversity of country-specific policy adjustment strategies: from the migrant workers in the Arab Gulf, who lost out in the post-2014 period but were incapable of repelling burdensome adjustment policies, to Egypt, Jordan, and Lebanon, who have never been able to fulfil the expectation that they could benefit from the 2014 oil price decline. With timely contributions on the COVID-19-induced oil price crash in 2020, this collection signifies that rentierism still prevails with regard to both empirical dynamics in the Middle East and academic discussions on its political economy.

Author : Kian Wie Thee
Publisher : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789814379632

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Indonesia's Economy Since Independence by Kian Wie Thee Pdf

This book contains a collection of papers on various aspects of Indonesia's economic and its industrial development. It discusses the early independence period in the 1950s; the Soeharto era (1966-1998); and the ensuing two economic crises, namely the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997/98 and the Global Financial Crisis of 2008.

Author : Michael D. Bordo,Athanasios Orphanides
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226066950

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The Great Inflation by Michael D. Bordo,Athanasios Orphanides Pdf

Controlling inflation is among the most important objectives of economic policy. By maintaining price stability, policy makers are able to reduce uncertainty, improve price-monitoring mechanisms, and facilitate more efficient planning and allocation of resources, thereby raising productivity. This volume focuses on understanding the causes of the Great Inflation of the 1970s and ’80s, which saw rising inflation in many nations, and which propelled interest rates across the developing world into the double digits. In the decades since, the immediate cause of the period’s rise in inflation has been the subject of considerable debate. Among the areas of contention are the role of monetary policy in driving inflation and the implications this had both for policy design and for evaluating the performance of those who set the policy. Here, contributors map monetary policy from the 1960s to the present, shedding light on the ways in which the lessons of the Great Inflation were absorbed and applied to today’s global and increasingly complex economic environment.

Author : Andrew Scott Cooper
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012-09-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781439155189

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The Oil Kings by Andrew Scott Cooper Pdf

Reveals the covert agreements that prompted America's decision to switch allegiance from Iran to Saudi Arabia as a dominant Middle-East oil supplier, citing the contributions of key players from Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger to the Shah and Gerald Ford while explaining how choices in the 1970s set the stage for Iran's Islamic revolution.