Are Public Sector Workers Underpaid Appropriate Comparators In A Developing Country
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Are Public Sector Workers Underpaid? by Sarah Bales,Martín Rama Pdf
Does the public sector overpay or underpay workers relative to what they could earn in the private sector? Usual comparisons focus on similar jobs, but in a Developing country it is more sensible to focus on similar workers, as shown by the case of Vietnam.
Are Public Sector Workers Underpaid? Appropriate Comparators in a Developing Country by Sarah Bales Pdf
Does the public sector overpay or underpay workers relative to what they could earn in the private sector? Usual comparisons focus on similar jobs, but in a developing country it is more sensible to focus on similar workers, as shown by the case of Vietnam.How is public sector compensation best aligned with the market? In industrial countries a common reference is the salary paid by private employers for similar jobs (the quot;jobs approachquot;). But comparable jobs are formal, and in developing countries the relevant alternative for many public sector workers is informal sector employment.Another approach uses as a reference the earnings of similar workers in the private sector, regardless of whether their jobs are formal or informal (the quot;workers approachquot;). A potential shortcoming of this approach is that workers may differ in characteristics that are unobservable. Bales and Rama assess the importance of this shortcoming by relying on five econometric methods, four of which correct the bias from unobservable characteristics.The authors focus on state-owned enterprises in Vietnam, which recruited workers on the basis of political loyalty and other unobservable characteristics. A massive downsizing program, which led to the departure of the most entrepreneurial workers, may have exacerbated the selection bias. However, all the results obtained with the workers approach fall within a relatively narrow range. They suggest that workers in state-owned enterprises are overpaid by 20 percent or more. In contrast, the jobs approach indicates that they could earn two to six times more in the private sector.This paper - a product of Public Services for Human Development, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to understand employment and pay issues in the public sector. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project quot;Efficient Public Sector Downsizingquot; (RPO 683-67). Martin Rama may be contacted at [email protected].
Author : World Bank Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 229 pages File Size : 42,5 Mb Release : 2023-12-19 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 9781464819995
The state, as an owner of businesses, competes and collaborates with the private sector, and this involvement has profound implications for investment and growth. Governments actively participate in commercial markets in different forms, from controlling the production of goods and services to investing in firms as a minority shareholder. The impact of state participation on an economy's growth depends on the type of public-private ownership, the types of markets, and the importance of those markets in the economy. The impact also depends on how policies and institutions regulate both the businesses with state ownership and the markets in which they are active. The Business of the State uses new evidence covering 91 countries from the World Bank's Global Businesses of the State database to highlight the distinction between businesses of the state and traditionally understood state-owned enterprises. The report analyzes how different ownership forms across sectors and institutional settings affect private investment, productivity, technology adoption, and job creation. It also analyzes how government participation in markets influences the ability of economies to respond to shocks, from pandemics to climate change. The report proposes a clear analytical framework for understanding the consequences of relying on businesses of the state to attain specific development goals.
The Government Analytics Handbook by Daniel Rogger,Christian Schuster Pdf
The Government Analytics Handbook presents frontier evidence and practitioner insights on how to leverage data to strengthen public administration. Covering a range of microdata sources—such as administrative data and public servant surveys—as well as tools and resources for undertaking the analytics, it transforms the ability of governments to take a data-informed approach to diagnose and improve how public organizations work. Readers can order the book as a single volume in print or digital formats, or visit worldbank.org/governmentanalytics for modular access and additional hands-on tools. The Handbook is a must-have for practitioners, policy makers, academics, and government agencies. “Governments have long been assessed using aggregate governance indicators, giving us little insight into their diversity and how they can practically be improved. This pioneering handbook shows how microdata can be used to give scholars and practitioners granular and real insights into how states work, and practical guidance on the process of state-building.†? —Francis Fukuyama, Stanford University, author of State-Building: Governance and World Order in the 21st Century “The Government Analytics Handbook is the most comprehensive work on practically building government administration I have ever seen, helping practitioners to change public administration for the better.†? —Francisco Gaetani, Special Secretary for State Transformation, Government of Brazil “The machinery of the state is central to a country’s prosperity. This handbook provides insights and methodological tools for creating a better shared understanding of the realities of a state, to support the redesign of institutions, and improve the quality of public administration.†? —James Robinson, University of Chicago, coauthor of Why Nations Fail
This report states that the future of East Asian countries depends on the capacity and performance of local and provincial governments. Decentralization has unleashed local initiative and energy, with new ways to deliver services to people, with potential for continued improvement. The report, which focuses on six countries, notes the differences in the approach to decentralizing government in Cambodia, China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam
Author : World Bank,World Bank Staff Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 186 pages File Size : 54,9 Mb Release : 2001-01-01 Category : Political Science ISBN : 0821350420
The World Bank Research Program 2001 by World Bank,World Bank Staff Pdf
This publication is a compilation of reports on research projects initiated, under way, or completed in fiscal year 2001 (July 1, 2000 through June 30, 2001). The abstracts cover 150 research projects from the World Bank and grouped under 11 major headings including poverty and social development, health and population, education, labor and employment, environment, infrastructure and urban development, and agriculture and rural development. The abstracts detail the questions addressed, the analytical methods used, the findings to date and their policy implications. Each abstract identifies the expected completion date of each project, the research team, and reports or publications produced.
The Challenge of Knowledge Sharing by Tatjana Bauer Pdf
In the Vietnamese science community, knowledge production and sharing are still limited. Based on intensive field work, this book investigates how organizations operating in the field of water research understand and practice knowledge management. The national science policy, culture, tradition, international collaboration, and local market forces all contribute to the current conditions of knowledge exchange in Vietnam. It is shown that the concentration of organizations in "knowledge clusters" could possibly increase the innovative capacity of research and development, which represents a key driving force in the country's ambitious plans of becoming a middle income country. (Series: ZEF Development Studies - Vol. 17)
Author : Elena E. Glinskaya,Michael Lokshin Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 37 pages File Size : 42,5 Mb Release : 2005 Category : India ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Wage differentials between the public and private sectors in India by Elena E. Glinskaya,Michael Lokshin Pdf
The authors use 1993-94 and 1999-2000 India Employment and Unemployment surveys to investigate wage differentials between the public and private sectors as well as workers' decisions to join a particular sector. To obtain robust estimates of the wage differential, they apply three econometric techniques each relying on a different set of assumptions about the process of job selection. All three methods show that differences in wages between public sector workers and workers in the formal-private and informal-casual sectors are positive and high. Estimates show that, on average, the public sector premium ranges between 62 percent and 102 percent over the private-formal sector, and between 164 percent and 259 percent over the informal-casual sector, depending on the choice of methodology.
Population and Labour Market Policies in China’s Reform Process by Sun Wenkai Pdf
This book investigates the population and labour management reforms implemented since the reform and opening up of China in the early 1980s, giving insights into the economic and social implications of these reforms and future prospects for population governance. The study examines three major components of China’s population management strategy in terms of its history and implementation: the household registration (Hukou) system, family planning policy, and the labour market system. Grounded in both qualitative and quantitative analysis, key metrics are introduced to better understand the Hukou system on the one hand while exploring the socio-economic issues arising from the policy, including the economic behaviour or residents, fertility, care of older people, entrepreneurship, institutional premiums and gender wage differentials. Based on these investigations, the author advances constructive suggestions to inform policymaking, aiming to deepen market-oriented reform of the economic system and improve social welfare in China. The title will be a good reference for academics, students and policy makers interested in social policy, labour economics and especially China’s population and labour policy and Chinese economy and society.
Author : Bernard M. Hoekman Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 40 pages File Size : 46,9 Mb Release : 2002 Category : Developing countries ISBN : 9782050402423
Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development by Bernard M. Hoekman Pdf
The World Trade Organization (WTO) has a role to play in strengthening the global trading system for development, primarily by lowering barriers to trade in goods and services and ensuring that trade rules are useful to Developing countries. But greater international cooperation must complement WTO-based negotiations, in particular, concerted action outside the WTO to enhance the trade capacity of poor countries ("aid for trade").
The (positive) Effect of Macroeconomic Crises on the Schooling and Employment Decisions of Children in a Middle-income Country by Norbert Rüdiger Schady Pdf
Under some conditions macroeconomic crises can have a positive effect on the accumulation of human capital because they reduce the opportunity cost of schooling. This has profound implications for the design of appropriate social protection policies.
Capacity Building in Economics Education and Research in Transition Economies by Anonim Pdf
The development of the institutional capacity to create and evaluate economic policies remains a critical need - and constraint - in most transition economies if they are to complete the successful passage to fully functioning market economies. To take an active role in the transition process, economic policymakers, business leaders, government officials, and others need a thorough grounding in market-based economics. This requires strengthening economics education and providing support for qualified economists to teach economics at all levels and to carry out high-quality research and policy analysis.
