Argumentation Communication And Fallacies

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Argumentation, Communication, and Fallacies

Frans H. van Eemeren,Rob Grootendorst
Argumentation Communication and Fallacies Book PDF

Author : Frans H. van Eemeren,Rob Grootendorst
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2016-07-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781134957835

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Argumentation, Communication, and Fallacies by Frans H. van Eemeren,Rob Grootendorst Pdf

This volume gives a theoretical account of the problem of analyzing and evaluating argumentative discourse. After placing argumentation in a communicative perspective, and then discussing the fallacies that occur when certain rules of communication are violated, the authors offer an alternative to both the linguistically-inspired descriptive and logically-inspired normative approaches to argumentation. The authors characterize argumentation as a complex speech act in a critical discussion aimed at resolving a difference of opinion. The various stages of a critical discussion are outlined, and the communicative and interactional aspects of the speech acts performed in resolving a simple or complex dispute are discussed. After dealing with crucial aspects of analysis and linking the evaluation of argumentative discourse to the analysis, the authors identify the fallacies that can occur at various stages of discussion. Their general aim is to elucidate their own pragma- dialectical perspective on the analysis and evaluation of argumentative discourse, bringing together pragmatic insight concerning speech acts and dialectical insight concerning critical discussion.

Argumentation, Communication, and Fallacies

Frans H. van Eemeren,Robert Grootendorst
Argumentation Communication and Fallacies Book PDF

Author : Frans H. van Eemeren,Robert Grootendorst
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0805810692

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Argumentation, Communication, and Fallacies by Frans H. van Eemeren,Robert Grootendorst Pdf

This volume gives a theoretical account of the problem of analyzing and evaluating argumentative discourse. After placing argumentation in a communicative perspective, and then discussing the fallacies that occur when certain rules of communication are violated, the authors offer an alternative to both the linguistically-inspired descriptive and logically-inspired normative approaches to argumentation. The authors characterize argumentation as a complex speech act in a critical discussion aimed at resolving a difference of opinion. The various stages of a critical discussion are outlined, and the communicative and interactional aspects of the speech acts performed in resolving a simple or complex dispute are discussed. After dealing with crucial aspects of analysis and linking the evaluation of argumentative discourse to the analysis, the authors identify the fallacies that can occur at various stages of discussion. Their general aim is to elucidate their own pragma- dialectical perspective on the analysis and evaluation of argumentative discourse, bringing together pragmatic insight concerning speech acts and dialectical insight concerning critical discussion.

Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness

Frans H. van Eemeren,Bart Garssen,Bert Meuffels
Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness Book PDF

Author : Frans H. van Eemeren,Bart Garssen,Bert Meuffels
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2009-08-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789048126149

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Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness by Frans H. van Eemeren,Bart Garssen,Bert Meuffels Pdf

In Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness, Frans H. van Eemeren, Bart Garssen and Bert Meuffels report on their systematic empirical research of the conventional validity of the pragma-dialectical discussion rules. The experimental studies they carried out during more than ten years start from the pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation developed at the University of Amsterdam, their home university. In these studies they test methodically the intersubjective acceptability of the rules for critical discussion proposed in this theory by confronting ordinary arguers who have not received any special education in argumentation and fallacies with discussion fragments containing both fallacious and non-fallacious argumentative moves. The research covers a wide range of informal fallacies. In this way, the authors create a basis for comparing the theoretical reasonableness conception of pragma-dialectics with the norms for judging argumentative moves prevailing in argumentative practice. Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness provides a unique insight into the relationship between theoretical and practical conceptions of reasonableness, supported by extensive empirical material gained by means of sophisticated experimental research.

Fallacies in Medicine and Health

Louise Cummings
Fallacies in Medicine and Health Book PDF

Author : Louise Cummings
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-02-29
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783030285135

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Fallacies in Medicine and Health by Louise Cummings Pdf

This textbook examines the ways in which arguments may be used and abused in medicine and health. The central claim is that a group of arguments known as the informal fallacies – including slippery slope arguments, fear appeal, and the argument from ignorance – undertake considerable work in medical and health contexts, and that they can in fact be rationally warranted ways of understanding complex topics, contrary to the views of many earlier philosophers and logicians. Modern medicine and healthcare require lay people to engage with increasingly complex decisions in areas such as immunization, lifestyle and dietary choices, and health screening. Many of the so-called fallacies of reasoning can also be viewed as cognitive heuristics or short-cuts which help individuals make decisions in these contexts. Using features such as learning objectives, case studies and end-of-unit questions, this textbook examines topical issues and debates in all areas of medicine and health, including antibiotic use and resistance, genetic engineering, euthanasia, addiction to prescription opioids, and the legalization of cannabis. It will be useful to students of critical thinking, reasoning, logic, argumentation, rhetoric, communication, health humanities, philosophy and linguistics.

Argumentation

Lapakko Ph. D. David Lapakko Ph. D.,David Lapakko
Argumentation Book PDF

Author : Lapakko Ph. D. David Lapakko Ph. D.,David Lapakko
Publisher : iUniverse
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2009-10
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781440168383

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Argumentation by Lapakko Ph. D. David Lapakko Ph. D.,David Lapakko Pdf

Argumentation: Critical Thinking in Action, 2nd ed., explores a wide variety of issues and concepts connected to making arguments, responding to the arguments of others, and using good critical thinking skills to analyze persuasive communication. Key topics include the nature of claims, evidence, and reasoning; common fallacies in reasoning; traits associated with good critical thinking; how language is used strategically in argument; ways to organize an argumentative case; how to refute an opposing argument or case; cultural dimensions of argument; and ways to make a better impression either orally or in writing.

A Systematic Theory of Argumentation

Frans H. van Eemeren,Robert Grootendorst,Rob Grootendorst
A Systematic Theory of Argumentation Book PDF

Author : Frans H. van Eemeren,Robert Grootendorst,Rob Grootendorst
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 052153772X

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A Systematic Theory of Argumentation by Frans H. van Eemeren,Robert Grootendorst,Rob Grootendorst Pdf

In this book two of the leading figures in argumentation theory present a view of argumentation as a means of resolving differences of opinion by testing the acceptability of the disputed positions. Their model of a 'critical discussion' serves as a theoretical tool for analyzing, evaluating and producing argumentative discourse. This is a major contribution to the study of argumentation and will be of particular value to professionals and graduate students in speech communication, informal logic, rhetoric, critical thinking, linguistics, and philosophy.

Argumentation Theory: A Pragma-Dialectical Perspective

Frans H. van Eemeren
Argumentation Theory A Pragma Dialectical Perspective Book PDF

Author : Frans H. van Eemeren
Publisher : Springer
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2018-07-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319953816

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Argumentation Theory: A Pragma-Dialectical Perspective by Frans H. van Eemeren Pdf

The book offers a compact but comprehensive introductory overview of the crucial components of argumentation theory. In presenting this overview, argumentation is consistently approached from a pragma-dialectical perspective by viewing it pragmatically as a goal-directed communicative activity and dialectically as part of a regulated critical exchange aimed at resolving a difference of opinion. As a result, the book also systematically explains how the constitutive parts of the pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation, which are discussed in a number of separate publications, hang together. The following crucial topics are discussed: (1) argumentation theory as a discipline; (2) the meta-theoretical principles of pragma-dialectics; (3) the model of a critical discussion aimed at resolving a difference of opinion; (4) fallacies as violations of a code of conduct for reasonable argumentative discourse; (5) descriptive research of argumentative reality; (6) analysis as theoretically-motivated reconstruction; (7) strategic manoeuvring aimed at combining achieving effectiveness with maintaining reasonableness; (8) the conventionalization of argumentative practices; (9) prototypical argumentative patterns; (10) pragma-dialectics amidst other approaches. Argumentation Theory: A Pragma-Dialectical Perspective is clearly written and makes argumentation theory understandable to all scholars and advanced students interested in argumentation research.

A Pragmatic Theory of Fallacy

Douglas N. Walton
A Pragmatic Theory of Fallacy Book PDF

Author : Douglas N. Walton
Publisher : Tuscaloosa : University of Alabama Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : UOM:39015034437544

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A Pragmatic Theory of Fallacy by Douglas N. Walton Pdf

Such a contextual framework is shown to be crucial in determining whether an argument has been used correctly.

Argumentation Schemes for Presumptive Reasoning

Douglas Walton
Argumentation Schemes for Presumptive Reasoning Book PDF

Author : Douglas Walton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781136687068

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Argumentation Schemes for Presumptive Reasoning by Douglas Walton Pdf

Recent concerns with the evaluation of argumentation in informal logic and speech communication center around nondemonstrative arguments that lead to tentative or defeasible conclusions based on a balance of considerations. Such arguments do not appear to have structures of the kind traditionally identified with deductive and inductive reasoning, but are extremely common and are often called "plausible" or "presumptive," meaning that they are only provisionally acceptable even when they are correct. How is one to judge, by some clearly defined standard, whether such arguments are correct or not in a given instance? The answer lies in what are called argumentation schemes -- forms of argument (structures of inference) that enable one to identify and evaluate common types of argumentation in everyday discourse. This book identifies 25 argumentation schemes for presumptive reasoning and matches a set of critical questions to each. These two elements -- the scheme and the questions -- are then used to evaluate a given argument in a particular case in relation to a context of dialogue in which the argument occurred. In recent writings on argumentation, there is a good deal of stress placed on how important argumentation schemes are in any attempt to evaluate common arguments in everyday reasoning as correct or fallacious, acceptable or questionable. However, the problem is that the literature thus far has not produced a precise and user-friendly enough analysis of the structures of the argumentation schemes themselves, nor have any of the documented accounts been as helpful, accessible, or systematic as they could be, especially in relation to presumptive reasoning. This book solves the problem by presenting the most common presumptive schemes in an orderly and clear way that makes them explicit and useful as precisely defined structures. As such, it will be an indispensable tool for researchers, students, and teachers in the areas of critical thinking, argumentation, speech communication, informal logic, and discourse analysis.

Argumentation: Critical Thinking in Action

David Victor Lapakko
Argumentation Critical Thinking in Action Book PDF

Author : David Victor Lapakko
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2016-07-28
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1524907871

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Argumentation: Critical Thinking in Action by David Victor Lapakko Pdf

Argumentation: Critical Thinking in Action

Plausible Argument in Everyday Conversation

Douglas N. Walton
Plausible Argument in Everyday Conversation Book PDF

Author : Douglas N. Walton
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1992-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0791411575

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Plausible Argument in Everyday Conversation by Douglas N. Walton Pdf

This book provides a practical and accessible way of evaluating good and bad arguments used in everyday conversations by applying normative models of dialectical (interactive) argumentation, where two parties reason together in an orderly and cooperative way. Using case studies, the author analyzes correct and incorrect uses of argumentation on controversial issues that engage the reader's interest while illustrating points in a practical way. Walton gives clear explanations of the most common errors and tricky deceptions -- traditionally called "fallacies" -- that can trip up an unwary arguer.

Relevance in Argumentation

Douglas Walton
Relevance in Argumentation Book PDF

Author : Douglas Walton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2003-10-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781135618957

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Relevance in Argumentation by Douglas Walton Pdf

In Relevance in Argumentation, author Douglas Walton presents a new method for critically evaluating arguments for relevance. This method enables a critic to judge whether a move can be said to be relevant or irrelevant, and is based on case studies of argumentation in which an argument, or part of an argument, has been criticized as irrelevant. Walton's method is based on a new theory of relevance that incorporates techniques of argumentation theory, logic, and artificial intelligence. The work uses a case-study approach with numerous examples of controversial arguments, strategies of attack in argumentation, and fallacies. Walton reviews ordinary cases of irrelevance in argumentation, and uses them as a basis to advance and develop his new theory of irrelevance and relevance. The volume also presents a clear account of the technical problems in the previous attempts to define relevance, including an analysis of formal systems of relevance logic and an explanation of the Grecian notion of conversational relevance. This volume is intended for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in those fields using argumentation theory--especially philosophy, linguistics, cognitive science and communication studies, in addition to argumentation. The work also has practical use, as it applies theory directly to familiar examples of argumentation in daily and professional life. With a clear and comprehensive method for determining relevance and irrelevance, it can be convincingly applied to highly significant practical problems about relevance, including those in legal and political argumentation.

The Practice of Argumentation

David Zarefsky
The Practice of Argumentation Book PDF

Author : David Zarefsky
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2019-09-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781107034716

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The Practice of Argumentation by David Zarefsky Pdf

Explores how we justify our beliefs - and try to influence those of others - both soundly and effectively.

Argumentation

Frans H. van Eemeren,A. Francisca Sn Henkemans,Rob Grootendorst
Argumentation Book PDF

Author : Frans H. van Eemeren,A. Francisca Sn Henkemans,Rob Grootendorst
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781135644222

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Argumentation by Frans H. van Eemeren,A. Francisca Sn Henkemans,Rob Grootendorst Pdf

This book concentrates on argumentation as it emerges in ordinary discourse, whether the discourse is institutionalized or strictly informal. Crucial concepts from the theory of argumentation are systematically discussed and explained with the help of examples from real-life discourse and texts. The basic principles are explained that are instrumental in the analysis and evaluation of argumentative discourse. Methodical instruments are offered for identifying differences of opinion, analyzing and evaluating argumentation and presenting arguments in oral and written discourse. In addition, the book provides a great variety of exercises and assignments to improve the students' skill in presenting argumentation. The authors begin their treatment of argumentation theory at the same juncture where argumentation also starts in practice: The difference of opinion that occasions the evolvement of the argumentation. Each chapter begins with a short summary of the essentials and ends with a number of exercises that students can use to master the material. Argumentation is the first introductory textbook of this kind. It is intended as a general introduction for students who are interested in a proper conduct of argumentative discourse. Suggestions for further reading are made for each topic and several extra assignments are added to the exercises. Special features: * A concise and complete treatment of both the theoretical backgrounds and the practice of argumentation analysis and evaluation. * Crucial concepts from pragmatics (speech act theory, Grice's cooperative principle) presented in a non-technical way; introducing the theory of verbal communication. * Unique coverage of both oral and written presentation of arguments. * Exercises and assignments based on real-life texts from a variety of contexts.

Ad Hominem Arguments

Douglas Walton
Ad Hominem Arguments Book PDF

Author : Douglas Walton
Publisher : University of Alabama Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780817355616

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Ad Hominem Arguments by Douglas Walton Pdf

A vital contribution to legal theory and media and civic discourse In the 1860s, northern newspapers attacked Abraham Lincoln's policies by attacking his character, using the terms "drunk," "baboon," "too slow," "foolish," and "dishonest." Steadily on the increase in political argumentation since then, the argumentum ad hominem, or personal attack argument, has now been carefully refined as an instrument of "oppo tactics" and "going negative" by the public relations experts who craft political campaigns at the national level. In this definitive treatment of one of the most important concepts in argumentation theory and informal logic, Douglas Walton presents a normative framework for identifying and evaluating ad hominem or personal attack arguments. Personal attack arguments have often proved to be so effective, in election campaigns, for example, that even while condemning them, politicians have not stopped using them. In the media, in the courtroom, and in everyday confrontation, ad hominem arguments are easy to put forward as accusations, are difficult to refute, and often have an extremely powerful effect on persuading an audience. Walton gives a clear method for analyzing and evaluating cases of ad hominem arguments found in everyday argumentation. His analysis classifies the ad hominem argument into five clearly defined subtypes—abusive (direct), circumstantial, bias, "poisoning the well," and tu quoque ("you're just as bad") arguments—and gives methods for evaluating each type. Each subtype is given a well-defined form as a recognizable type of argument. The numerous case studies show in concrete terms many practical aspects of how to use textual evidence to identify and analyze fallacies and to evaluate argumentation as fallacious or not in particular cases.