Assessing The Impact Of Rice Price Stabilization Policies In Bangladesh Results From A Stochastic Spatial Equilibrium Model

Author : Minot, Nicholas,Hossain, Shahadat,Kabir, Razin,Dorosh, Paul A.,Rashid, Shahidur
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 51 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2024-05-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Assessing the impact of rice price stabilization policies in Bangladesh: Results from a stochastic spatial equilibrium model by Minot, Nicholas,Hossain, Shahadat,Kabir, Razin,Dorosh, Paul A.,Rashid, Shahidur Pdf

Rice plays a central role in the diet in Bangladesh and as a source of income for farmers. Although Bangladesh has largely liberalized international trade in rice, it maintains a public food distribution system to stablize prices, distributing an average of 2 million tons of rice per year at a cost of almost US$ 800 million per year. This study explores whether alternative policies could achieve similar stabilization at a lower cost. It uses a stochastic spatial-equilibrium model of rice markets to simulate monthly prices in eight regions of the country. Stochastic shocks are used to simulate fluctuations in regional production, replicating historical patterns at the region-season level, as well as inter-regional correlation in production shocks. It also simulates fluctuation in world rice prices, mimicking the mean, variance, and serial correlation of historical wholesale prices of rice in Delhi. Public procurement and distribution follow historic averages by month and region. Private storage is represented by a simplified version of rational expectations models, in which net storage is a non-linear function of availability in the previous month. One set of simulations tests alternative levels of distribution, finding that cutting distribution to 1 million tons would have minimal effects on the level of rice price stability. Another set of simulations tested different import tariff levels, including the baseline rate of 25%1. We find that lower tariffs result in both lower rice prices and less price instability, as world rice prices tend to be more stable than local prices. Simulating a buffer stock with different price bands shows that a narrow band can achieve high price stability but at a high fiscal cost. A 20 T/kg (USD 0.26/kg) price band generates similar price stabilization at a lower cost compared to current policy. However, it is difficult to set the “right” purchase and sale price, and many simulations result in exhausting reserves or reaching warehouse capacity. An adaptive buffer stock, in which the price is adjusted as the stock runs too low or too high, solves some of these problems. In general, the study finds that current procurement and distribution patterns do not match well with the regional and monthly patterns of surplus and deficit, possibly reflecting multiple and conflicting goals of the public food distribution system.

Author : Minot, Nicholas,Hossain, Shahadat,Kabir, Razin,Dorosh, Paul A.,Rashid, Shahidur
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 94 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Rice price stabilization in Bangladesh: Assessing the impact of public farm-gate and consumer price stabilization policy instruments on the overall grain market and developing policy orientations with a greater role for the private sector by Minot, Nicholas,Hossain, Shahadat,Kabir, Razin,Dorosh, Paul A.,Rashid, Shahidur Pdf

Price instability is a fact of life. In a market economy, domestic prices change in response to changes in supply, consumer preferences, policy, world prices, and other factors. Crop prices tend to be particularly volatile because harvests occur only once or a few times per year and because the size of the harvest varies due to weather, prices, and other factors. For internationally-traded commodities, volatility in world prices can be another source of instability in domestic prices.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1792 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : UIUC:30112018447620

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World Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology Abstracts by Anonim Pdf

Author : Matthias Kalkuhl,Joachim von Braun,Maximo Torero
Publisher : Springer
Page : 626 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319282015

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Food Price Volatility and Its Implications for Food Security and Policy by Matthias Kalkuhl,Joachim von Braun,Maximo Torero Pdf

This book provides fresh insights into concepts, methods and new research findings on the causes of excessive food price volatility. It also discusses the implications for food security and policy responses to mitigate excessive volatility. The approaches applied by the contributors range from on-the-ground surveys, to panel econometrics and innovative high-frequency time series analysis as well as computational economics methods. It offers policy analysts and decision-makers guidance on dealing with extreme volatility.

Author : Jean-Paul Chavas,David Hummels,Brian D. Wright
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2014-10-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226128924

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The Economics of Food Price Volatility by Jean-Paul Chavas,David Hummels,Brian D. Wright Pdf

"The conference was organized by the three editors of this book and took place on August 15-16, 2012 in Seattle."--Preface.

Author : Stephane Hallegatte,Mook Bangalore,Laura Bonzanigo,Marianne Fay,Tamaro Kane,Ulf Narloch,Julie Rozenberg,David Treguer,Adrien Vogt-Schilb
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464806742

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Shock Waves by Stephane Hallegatte,Mook Bangalore,Laura Bonzanigo,Marianne Fay,Tamaro Kane,Ulf Narloch,Julie Rozenberg,David Treguer,Adrien Vogt-Schilb Pdf

Ending poverty and stabilizing climate change will be two unprecedented global achievements and two major steps toward sustainable development. But the two objectives cannot be considered in isolation: they need to be jointly tackled through an integrated strategy. This report brings together those two objectives and explores how they can more easily be achieved if considered together. It examines the potential impact of climate change and climate policies on poverty reduction. It also provides guidance on how to create a “win-win†? situation so that climate change policies contribute to poverty reduction and poverty-reduction policies contribute to climate change mitigation and resilience building. The key finding of the report is that climate change represents a significant obstacle to the sustained eradication of poverty, but future impacts on poverty are determined by policy choices: rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development can prevent most short-term impacts whereas immediate pro-poor, emissions-reduction policies can drastically limit long-term ones.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 724 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Dissertation abstracts
ISBN : UOM:39015086908251

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American Doctoral Dissertations by Anonim Pdf

Author : Aline Coudouel,Anis A. Dani,Stefano Paternostro
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 550 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780821364871

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Poverty and Social Impact Analysis of Reforms by Aline Coudouel,Anis A. Dani,Stefano Paternostro Pdf

"Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) is an approach used increasingly by governments, civil society organizations, the World Bank, and other development partners to examine the distributional impacts of policy reforms on the well-being of different stakeholders groups, particularly the poor and vulnerable. PSIA has an important role in the elaboration and implementation of poverty reduction strategies in developing countries because it promotes evidence-based policy choices and fosters debate on policy reform options. Poverty and Social Impact Analysis of Reforms presents a collection of case studies that illustrate the spectrum of sectors and policy reforms to which PSIA can be applied; it also elaborates on the broad range of analytical tools and techniques that can be used for PSIA. The case studies provide examples of the impact that PSIA can have on the design of policy reforms and draw operational lessons for PSIA implementation. The case studies deal largely with policy reforms in a single sector, such as agriculture (crop marketing boards in Malawi and Tanzania and cotton privatization in Tajikistan); energy (mining sector in Romania and oil subsidies in Ghana); utilities (power sector reform in Ghana, Rwanda, and transition economies, and water sector reform in Albania); social sectors (education reform in Mozambique and social welfare reform in Sri Lanka); taxation reform (Nicaragua); as well as macroeconomic modeling (Burkina Faso)."

Author : Thomas W. Hertel,Jeffrey J. Reimer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:931679222

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Predicting the Poverty Impacts of Trade Reform by Thomas W. Hertel,Jeffrey J. Reimer Pdf

An important area of research in recent years involves assessing the microeconomic implications of macro-level policies??? particularly those related to international trade. While a wide range of research methodologies are available for assessing the microeconomic incidence of micro-policies, as well as for assessing the effect of macro-level policies on markets and broad groups of households, there is a gap when it comes to eliciting the disaggregated household and firm level effects of trade policies. Recent research addresses this knowledge gap and the present survey offers an overview of this literature. The preponderance of the evidence from the studies encompassed by this survey points to the dominance of earnings-side effects over consumption-side effects of trade reform. This is problematic, since household surveys are notable for their underreporting of income. From the perspective of the poor, it is the market for unskilled labor that is most important. The poverty effects of trade policy often hinge crucially on how well the increased demand for labor in one part of the economy is transmitted to the rest of the economy by way of increased wages, increased employment, or both. Further econometric research aimed at discriminating between competing factor mobility hypotheses is urgently needed.

Author : Adam Prakash
Publisher : Bright Sparks
Page : 620 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Food prices
ISBN : UIUC:30112100846366

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Safeguarding Food Security in Volatile Global Markets by Adam Prakash Pdf

A timely publication as world leaders deliberate the causes of the latest bouts of food price volatility and search for solutions that address the recent velocity of financial, economic, political, demographic, and climatic change. As a collection compiled from a diverse group of economists, analysts, traders, institutions and policy formulators - comprising multiple methodologies and viewpoints - the book exposes the impact of volatility on global food security, with particular focus on the world's most vulnerable.

Author : Paul Dorosh,Shahidur Rashid
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2013-02-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780812208610

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Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia by Paul Dorosh,Shahidur Rashid Pdf

The perception of Ethiopia projected in the media is often one of chronic poverty and hunger, but this bleak assessment does not accurately reflect most of the country today. Ethiopia encompasses a wide variety of agroecologies and peoples. Its agriculture sector, economy, and food security status are equally complex. In fact, since 2001 the per capita income in certain rural areas has risen by more than 50 percent, and crop yields and availability have also increased. Higher investments in roads and mobile phone technology have led to improved infrastructure and thereby greater access to markets, commodities, services, and information. In Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia: Progress and Policy Challenges, Paul Dorosh and Shahidur Rashid, along with other experts, tell the story of Ethiopia's political, economic, and agricultural transformation. The book is designed to provide empirical evidence to shed light on the complexities of agricultural and food policy in today's Ethiopia, highlight major policies and interventions of the past decade, and provide insights into building resilience to natural disasters and food crises. It examines the key issues, constraints, and opportunities that are likely to shape a food-secure future in Ethiopia, focusing on land quality, crop production, adoption of high-quality seed and fertilizer, and household income. Students, researchers, policy analysts, and decisionmakers will find this book a useful overview of Ethiopia's political, economic, and agricultural transformation as well as a resource for major food policy issues in Ethiopia. Contributors: Dawit Alemu, Guush Berhane, Jordan Chamberlin, Sarah Coll-Black, Paul Dorosh, Berhanu Gebremedhin, Sinafikeh Asrat Gemessa, Daniel O. Gilligan, John Graham, Kibrom Tafere Hirfrfot, John Hoddinott, Adam Kennedy, Neha Kumar, Mehrab Malek, Linden McBride, Dawit Kelemework Mekonnen, Asfaw Negassa, Shahidur Rashid, Emily Schmidt, David Spielman, Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse, Seneshaw Tamiru, James Thurlow, William Wiseman.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1364 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : PSU:000057553146

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Bibliography of Agriculture by Anonim Pdf

Author : Ahmed, Akhter, ed.,Islam, Nurul, ed.,Mujeri, Mustafa K., ed.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-11-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789845063715

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Securing food for all in Bangladesh by Ahmed, Akhter, ed.,Islam, Nurul, ed.,Mujeri, Mustafa K., ed. Pdf

Securing Food for All in Bangladesh presents an array of research that collectively address four broad issues: (1) agricultural technology adoption; (2) input use and agricultural productivity; (3) food security and output market; and (4) poverty, food security, and women’s empowerment. The fifteen chapters of the book address diverse aspects within these four themes. Access to sufficient food by all people at all times to meet their dietary needs is a matter of critical importance. Despite declining arable agricultural land, Bangladesh has made commendable progress in boosting domestic food production. The growth in overall food production has been keeping ahead of population growth, resulting in higher per capita availability of food over time. In the early 1970s, Bangladesh was a food-deficit country with a population of about 75 million. Today, the population is 165 million, and the country is now self-sufficient in rice production, which has tripled over the past three decades. Along with enhanced food production, increased income has improved people’s access to food. Furthermore, nutritional outcomes have improved significantly. Nevertheless, the challenges to food and nutrition security remain formidable. Future agricultural growth and food and nutrition security are threatened by population growth, worsening soil fertility, diminishing access to land and other scarce natural resources, increasing vulnerability of crop varieties to pests and diseases, and persistent poverty leading to poor access to food. In addition, the impacts of climate change—an increase in the incidence of natural disasters, sea intrusion, and salinity—will exacerbate food and nutrition insecurity in the coming decades if corrective measures are not taken. Aligned with this context, the authors of the book explore policy options and strategies for developing agriculture and improving food security in Bangladesh. Securing Food for All in Bangladesh, with its breadth and scope, will be an invaluable resource for policymakers, researchers, and students dedicated to improving people’s livelihoods in Bangladesh.

Author : Almas Heshmati,Esfandiar Maasoumi,Guanghua Wan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2015-03-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789812874207

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Poverty Reduction Policies and Practices in Developing Asia by Almas Heshmati,Esfandiar Maasoumi,Guanghua Wan Pdf

This book looks at the major policy challenges facing developing Asia and how the region sustains rapid economic growth to reduce multidimensional poverty through socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable measures. Asia is facing many challenges arising from population growth, rapid urbanization, provision of services, climate change and the need to redress declining growth after the global financial crisis. This book examines poverty and related issues and aims to advance the development of new tools and measurement of multidimensional poverty and poverty reduction policy analysis. The book covers a wide range of issues, including determinants and causes of poverty and its changes; consequences and impacts of poverty on human capital formation, growth and consumption; assessment of poverty strategies and policies; the role of government, NGOs and other institutions in poverty reduction; rural-urban migration and poverty; vulnerability to poverty; breakdown of poverty into chronic and transitory components; and a comparative study on poverty issues in Asia and other regions. The book will appeal to all those interested in economic development, resources, policies and economic welfare and growth.

Author : Alexander Sarris
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 437 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2010-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781849806367

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Food Security in Africa by Alexander Sarris Pdf

'As they often do, Jamie Morrison and Alexander Sarris have provided researchers, policy-makers, and the interested public with the firm empirical grounding needed for sound agricultural development policies. They have synthesized from a rich and varied set of country studies a unique contribution to one of the key challenges of our times increasing the productivity of smallholder food production in the age of globalization.' Timothy A. Wise, Tufts University, US 'Food security has been a major concern in Africa for decades, and a more pressing problem with recent increases in food prices. The editors and contributors to this volume are experts in the field and should be commended for a timely, informative and in places challenging analysis of food production and markets in eastern and southern Africa. The volume brings a refreshing variety of theoretical, analytical and informed case study approaches to bear on the food security problem; it should be read by anybody seriously interested in African development.' Oliver Morrissey, University of Nottingham, UK Drawing on insights from theoretical applications, empirically based approaches and case study experience, this book contributes to the improved design and use of trade and related policy interventions in staple food markets. Trade policy interventions have a potentially critical role to play in the development of staple food markets in developing countries and, as a source of revenue, in wider processes of rural development. Governments have long defended trade and related policy interventions in staple food markets on the basis of food security concerns. However, the design and implementation of these policies has often resulted in unintended impacts, increasing the risks faced by private sector actors and reducing their incentives for investment in improved market performance. In the context of increasingly volatile staple food markets, this book, commissioned from leading experts in this field, seeks to enhance dialogue between stakeholders involved in, and affected by, the design and use of trade and related policy interventions. This significant book will appeal to policy analysts and decision makers influential in the design and implementation of trade and related market interventions, as well as students of development economics. Researchers contributing to debates on the use and impacts of trade and related market interventions in staple food markets in poor countries will also find this volume of great benefit.