Assessment Of The Experiences Of Women In The Third Reich 1933 1945

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Assessment of the experiences of women in the Third Reich (1933-1945)

Dörte Ridder
Assessment of the experiences of women in the Third Reich 1933 1945 Book PDF

Author : Dörte Ridder
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 14 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2007-02-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9783638612326

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Assessment of the experiences of women in the Third Reich (1933-1945) by Dörte Ridder Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject History of Germany - National Socialism, World War II, grade: 2,1, University of Sunderland (School of Arts, Design, Media and Culture), language: English, abstract: Introduction “Women have the task of being beautiful and bringing children into the world, and this is by no means as coarse and old-fashioned as one might think.” The aims of the National Socialist women policy have not been as simple as Goebbels puts it in 1939. On the contrary, they were contradictory. Firstly, the regime wanted to reduce women to their biological function. Their central task was breeding. This procreation policy bore two major advantages: It helped the Nazis in pursuing their racial policy of purifying the Aryan race and it provided a means for a decrease in the mass unemployment, as married women were supposed to give up their jobs. Secondly, this family-orientated policy aimed at recording women and girls as party members and to organise them for this purpose in Frauenverbaende (women’s associations). A complete change of this policy took place by the outbreak of World War II and during the war years. ‘Total war’ forced the Nazis to abandon the domestic ideal for women; hence a total mobilization of female labour was attempted although this led to a contradiction within Nazi ideology. “The intention of the conservative revolution to return women to the home had to be subordinated to other ideological goals - industrial expansion and war preparation.” The following essay will examine the development of Nazi policy towards women and will, on the basis of primary sources, assess the experiences of women in the Third Reich from 1933 until 1945. [...]

Women in the Third Reich

Matthew Stibbe
Women in the Third Reich Book PDF

Author : Matthew Stibbe
Publisher : Hodder Education
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : History
ISBN : 0340761059

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Women in the Third Reich by Matthew Stibbe Pdf

The importance of gender as a category of analysis is now very widely accepted, but there has been a slowness to bring it to bear in general interpretative surveys of Nazi Germany. This new study aims to remedy the ommission, to reintroduce as actors on the historical stage that half of the German population who were female. This volume asks why such a sizeable proportion was ready to rally around a movement both blatantly anti-feminist and determined to exclude women from public life; how ordinary Germans translated Nazi beliefs into action; and what, other than gender, influenced their political choices between 1933 and 1945.

Experience and Expression

Elizabeth R. Baer
Experience and Expression Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth R. Baer
Publisher : Wayne State University Press
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2003-02-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780814338865

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Experience and Expression by Elizabeth R. Baer Pdf

The many powerful accounts of the Holocaust have given rise to women’s voices, and yet few researchers have analyzed these perspectives to learn what the horrifying events meant for women in particular and how they related to them. In Experience and Expression, the authors take on this challenge, providing the first book-length gendered analysis of women and the Holocaust, a topic that is emerging as a new field of inquiry in its own right. Accessible to readers on many levels, the essays portray the experiences of women of various religious and ethnic backgrounds, and draw from the fields of English, religion, nursing, history, law, comparative literature, philosophy, French, and German. The collection explores an array of fascinating topics: rescue and resistance, the treatment of Roma and Sinti women, the fate of female forced laborers, Holocaust politics, nurses at so-called euthanasia centers, women’s experiences of food and hunger in the camps, the uses and abuses of Anne Frank, and the representations of the Holocaust in art, film, and literature in the postwar era. The introduction provides a thorough overview of the current status of research in the field, and each essay seeks to push the theoretical boundaries that shape our understanding of women’s experience and agency during the Holocaust and of the ways in which they have expressed their memories.

Women, Nazis, and Universities

Jacques Pauwels
Women Nazis and Universities Book PDF

Author : Jacques Pauwels
Publisher : Praeger
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1984-11-20
Category : Education
ISBN : UOM:39015014632817

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Women, Nazis, and Universities by Jacques Pauwels Pdf

"Based on official government documents and extensive secondary literature, this book revises several old assumptions on the periods of peace and war. For the 1930s, Pauwels demonstrates that declining female university enrollments were caused neither by Nazi rhetoric nor antifeminist campaigns but by the drastic drop in university-age population and the Depression. Despite their alleged egalitarianism, Nazi social and economic policies favored the access of middle- and upper-class women to higher education. The Third Reich was unsuccessful in creating an auxiliary female vanguard to serve in its leadership or welfare programs and failed to stop women from flocking into law, medicine, and engineering. It was WWII, not Nazism, that gave German women a dramatic improvement in higher education; increased numbers of women for a short time achieved unprecedented freedom and professional advancement though at war's end, these dramatic gains were lost"--Choice.

Women in Nazi Society

Jill Stephenson
Women in Nazi Society Book PDF

Author : Jill Stephenson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9781136247408

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Women in Nazi Society by Jill Stephenson Pdf

This fascinating book examines the position of women under the Nazis. The National Socialist movement was essentially male-dominated, with a fixed conception of the role women should play in society; while man was the warrior and breadwinner, woman was to be the homemaker and childbearer. The Nazi obsession with questions of race led to their insisting that women should be encouraged by every means to bear children for Germany, since Germany’s declining birth rate in the 1920s was in stark contrast with the prolific rates among the 'inferior' peoples of eastern Europe, who were seen by the Nazis as Germany’s foes. Thus, women were to be relieved of the need to enter paid employment after marriage, while higher education, which could lead to ambitions for a professional career, was to be closed to girls, or, at best, available to an exceptional few. All Nazi policies concerning women ultimately stemmed from the Party’s view that the German birth rate must be dramatically raised.

Frauen

Alison Owings
Frauen Book PDF

Author : Alison Owings
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
Page : 546 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0813522005

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Frauen by Alison Owings Pdf

Analyses the group and individual decision making processes in terms of the sociological, psychological, and quantitative aspects.

A Scrap of Time and Other Stories

Ida Fink
A Scrap of Time and Other Stories Book PDF

Author : Ida Fink
Publisher : Northwestern University Press
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 0810112590

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A Scrap of Time and Other Stories by Ida Fink Pdf

Named a New York Times Notable Book Winner of the PEN/Book-of-the-Month Club Translation Prize Winner of the Anne Frank Prize These shattering stories describe the lives of ordinary people as they are compelled to do the unimaginable: a couple who must decide what to do with their five-year-old daughter as the Gestapo come to march them out of town; a wife whose safety depends on her acquiescence in her husband's love affair; a girl who must pay a grim price for an Aryan identity card.

Nazi Characters in German Propaganda and Literature

Dagmar C. G. Lorenz
Nazi Characters in German Propaganda and Literature Book PDF

Author : Dagmar C. G. Lorenz
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-19
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9789004365261

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Nazi Characters in German Propaganda and Literature by Dagmar C. G. Lorenz Pdf

Antifascist literature repurposed Nazi stereotypes to express opposition. These stereotypes became adaptable ideological signifiers during the political struggles in interwar Germany and Austria, and they remain integral elements in today’s cultural imagination.

Culture in the Third Reich

Moritz Föllmer
Culture in the Third Reich Book PDF

Author : Moritz Föllmer
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2020-05-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780198814603

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Culture in the Third Reich by Moritz Föllmer Pdf

'It's like being in a dream', commented Joseph Goebbels when he visited Nazi-occupied Paris in the summer of 1940. Dream and reality did indeed intermingle in the culture of the Third Reich, racialist fantasies and spectacular propaganda set-pieces contributing to this atmosphere alongside more benign cultural offerings such as performances of classical music or popular film comedies. A cultural palette that catered to the tastes of the majority helped encourage acceptance of the regime. The Third Reich was therefore eager to associate itself with comfortable middle-brow conventionality, while at the same time exploiting the latest trends that modern mass culture had to offer. And it was precisely because the culture of the Nazi period accommodated such a range of different needs and aspirations that it was so successfully able to legitimize war, imperial domination, and destruction. Moritz F�llmer turns the spotlight on this fundamental aspect of the Third Reich's successful cultural appeal in this ground-breaking new study, investigating what 'culture' meant for people in the years between 1933 and 1945: for convinced National Socialists at one end of the spectrum, via the legions of the apparently 'unpolitical', right through to anti-fascist activists, Jewish people, and other victims of the regime at the other end of the spectrum. Relating the everyday experience of people living under Nazism, he is able to give us a privileged insight into the question of why so many Germans enthusiastically embraced the regime and identified so closely with it.

Nazi Film Melodrama

Laura Heins
Nazi Film Melodrama Book PDF

Author : Laura Heins
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2013-09-16
Category : Performing Arts
ISBN : 9780252095023

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Nazi Film Melodrama by Laura Heins Pdf

Cultural productions in the Third Reich often served explicit propaganda functions of legitimating racism and glorifying war and militarism. Likewise, the proliferation of domestic and romance films in Nazi Germany also represented an ideological stance. Rather than reinforcing traditional gender role divisions and the status quo of the nuclear family, these films were much more permissive about desire and sexuality than previously assumed. Focusing on German romance films, domestic melodramas, and home front films from 1933 to 1945, Nazi Film Melodrama shows how melodramatic elements in Nazi cinema functioned as part of a project to move affect, body, and desire beyond the confines of bourgeois culture and participate in a curious modernization of sexuality engineered to advance the imperialist goals of the Third Reich. Offering a comparative analysis of Nazi productions with classical Hollywood films of the same era, Laura Heins argues that German fascist melodramas differed from their American counterparts in their negative views of domesticity and in their use of a more explicit antibourgeois rhetoric. Nazi melodramas, film writing, and popular media appealed to viewers by promoting liberation from conventional sexual morality and familial structures, presenting the Nazi state and the individual as dynamic and revolutionary. Some spectators objected to the eroticization and modernization of the public sphere under Nazism, however, pitting Joseph Goebbels' Ministry of Propaganda against more conservative film audiences in a war over the very status of domesticity and the shape of the family. Drawing on extensive archival research, this perceptive study highlights the seemingly contradictory aspects of gender representation and sexual morality in Nazi-era cinema.

The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich

William L. Shirer
The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich Book PDF

Author : William L. Shirer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1272 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2011-10-11
Category : History
ISBN : UCAL:$B640627

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The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich by William L. Shirer Pdf

History of Nazi Germany.

Between Dignity and Despair

Marion A. Kaplan
Between Dignity and Despair Book PDF

Author : Marion A. Kaplan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1999-06-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9780195313581

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Between Dignity and Despair by Marion A. Kaplan Pdf

Between Dignity and Despair draws on the extraordinary memoirs, diaries, interviews, and letters of Jewish women and men to give us the first intimate portrait of Jewish life in Nazi Germany. Kaplan tells the story of Jews in Germany not from the hindsight of the Holocaust, nor by focusing on the persecutors, but from the bewildered and ambiguous perspective of Jews trying to navigate their daily lives in a world that was becoming more and more insane. Answering the charge that Jews should have left earlier, Kaplan shows that far from seeming inevitable, the Holocaust was impossible to foresee precisely because Nazi repression occurred in irregular and unpredictable steps until the massive violence of Novemer 1938. Then the flow of emigration turned into a torrent, only to be stopped by the war. By that time Jews had been evicted from their homes, robbed of their possessions and their livelihoods, shunned by their former friends, persecuted by their neighbors, and driven into forced labor. For those trapped in Germany, mere survival became a nightmare of increasingly desperate options. Many took their own lives to retain at least some dignity in death; others went underground and endured the fears of nightly bombings and the even greater terror of being discovered by the Nazis. Most were murdered. All were pressed to the limit of human endurance and human loneliness. Focusing on the fate of families and particularly women's experience, Between Dignity and Despair takes us into the neighborhoods, into the kitchens, shops, and schools, to give us the shape and texture, the very feel of what it was like to be a Jew in Nazi Germany.

Women and Nazis

Wendy Adele-Marie Sarti
Women and Nazis Book PDF

Author : Wendy Adele-Marie Sarti
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Genocide
ISBN : IND:30000127740227

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Women and Nazis by Wendy Adele-Marie Sarti Pdf

War atrocities cannot be segregated by gender and gender cannot be ignored when analyzing the crimes that culminated in the Third Reich's attempt to eradicate European Jewry and other ¿suspect¿ nationalities and ethnic groups such as the Roma. Despite the Nazis masculine-oriented policies towards Aryan German women many women sought ways to become involved in Hitler's party and government. Professor Sarti's remarkable research discusses the women who not only agreed with the Nazi Weltanschauung but took an active part in mass genocide. Scholarship has tended to fundementally overlook or dismiss the actions of this group; Sarti brings then to the fore of her remarkable investigation into their numbers and their influence. Professor Sarti discusses the broad narrative of women as perpetrators (no as unwilling accomplices) of brutal genocidal acts. She also studies a number of individuals such as the nineteen in the Belsen trial of 1945 and others brought to book by the German authorities in postwar West Germany. In reality far fewer women were even processed for trial then men and this in the face of research that points to a much higher number of women guards and supervisors than the Allied forces acknowledged. This work, based on primary sources, is sure to be of great interest to students of the Holocaust, genocide as a modern phenomena as well as scholars involved in women and gender studies.

Teaching and Studying the Holocaust

Samuel Totten,Stephen Feinberg
Teaching and Studying the Holocaust Book PDF

Author : Samuel Totten,Stephen Feinberg
Publisher : IAP
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2009-11-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781607523017

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Teaching and Studying the Holocaust by Samuel Totten,Stephen Feinberg Pdf

(Originally Published in 2000 by Allyn & Bacon) Teaching and Studying the Holocaust is comprised of thirteen chapters by some of the most noted Holocaust educators in the United States. In addition to chapters on establishing clear rationales for teaching this history and Holocaust historiography, the book includes individual chapters on incorporating primary documents, first person accounts, film, literature, art, drama, music, and technology into a study of the Holocaust. It concludes with an extensive and valuable annotated bibliography especially designed for educators. Chapter Ten instructs how to make effective use of technology in teaching and learning about the Holocaust. The final section of the book includes a bibliography especially developed for teachers that lists invaluable resources. From the Back Cover: Holocaust scholars from around the world offer critical acclaim for Totten and Feinberg's Teaching and Studying the Holocaust: Michael Berenbaum; Ida E. King Distinguished Visitor Professor of Holocaust Studies, Richard Stockton College and Former Director of Research at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: "There are many scholars who are wont to criticize the teaching of the Holocaust. Many journalists critique what they regard as kitsch or trendiness. All critics of contemporary Holocaust education would do well to read this book. One cannot fail to be impressed by the quality of its learning and the seriousness of its purpose. It is a wonderful place for teachers to turn as they contemplate teaching the Holocaust, an open invitation to learn more and teach more effectively." Barry van Driel; Coordinator International Teacher Education, Anne Frank House, Amsterdam: "Teaching and Studying the Holocaust is an invaluable resource for any teacher wanting to address the complex and sometimes overwhelming history of the Holocaust in the classroom. The book offers a multitude of sensitive and responsible ways of dealing with the issue of the Holocaust. It succeeds in showing teachers very clearly how the study of the Holocaust is not just a topic for history teachers, but for teachers across the curriculum." Dr. Nili Keren; Kibbutzim College of Education, Tel Aviv, Israel "Teaching about the Shoah is one of the most complicated tasks for educators. Indeed, teaching and studying this history raises unprecedented questions concerning modern civilization, and presents teachers and students with tremendous challenges. Samuel Totten and Stephen Feinberg have created a volume that provides educators with essential information and new insights regarding the teaching of this history, and, in doing so, they assist educators to face the aforementioned challenges head-on. Teaching and Studying the Holocaust does not make the task easier, but it does make it possible." Samuel Totten is currently professor of Curriculum and Instruction at the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. Prior to entering academia, he was an English and social studies teacher in Australia, Israel, California, and at the U.S. House of Representatives Page School in Washington, D.C. Totten is also editor of Teaching Holocaust Literature published by Allyn & Bacon. Stephen Feinberg is currently the Special Assistant for Education Programs in the National Institute for Holocaust Education at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. With Samuel Totten, he was co-editor of a special issue (Teaching the Holocaust) of Social Education, the official journal of the National Council for the Social Studies. For eighteen years, he was a history and social studies teacher in the public schools of Wayland, MA.

Nazism and German Society, 1933-1945

David Crew
Nazism and German Society 1933 1945 Book PDF

Author : David Crew
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134891078

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Nazism and German Society, 1933-1945 by David Crew Pdf

The image of the Third Reich as a monolithic state presiding over the brainwashed, fanatical masses, retains a tenacious grip on the general public's imagination. However, a growing body of research on the social history of the Nazi years has revealed the variety and complexity of the relationships between the Nazi regime and the German people. This volume makes this new research accessible to undergraduate and graduate students alike.