Assyrians Kurds And Ottomans

Author : Hirmis Aboona
Publisher : Cambria Press
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : History
ISBN : 9781604975833

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Assyrians, Kurds, and Ottomans by Hirmis Aboona Pdf

Many scholars, in the U.S. and elsewhere, have decried the racism and "Orientalism" that characterizes much Western writing on the Middle East. Such writings conflate different peoples and nations, and movements within such peoples and nations, into unitary and malevolent hordes, uncivilized reservoirs of danger, while ignoring or downplaying analogous tendencies towards conformity or barbarism in other regions, including the West. Assyrians in particular suffer from Old Testament and pop culture references to their barbarity and cruelty, which ignore or downplay massacres or torture by the Judeans, Greeks, and Romans who are celebrated by history as ancestors of the West. This work, through its rich depictions of tribal and religious diversity within Mesopotamia, may help serve as a corrective to this tendency of contemporary writing on the Middle East and the Assyrians in particular. Furthermore, Aboona's work also steps away from the age-old oversimplified rubric of an "Arab Muslim" Middle East, and into the cultural mosaic that is more representative of the region. In this book, author Hirmis Aboona presents compelling research from numerous primary sources in English, Arabic, and Syriac on the ancient origins, modern struggles, and distinctive culture of the Assyrian tribes living in northern Mesopotamia, from the plains of Nineveh north and east to southeastern Anatolia and the Lake Urmia region. Among other findings, this book debunks the tendency of modern scholars to question the continuity of the Assyrian identity to the modern day by confirming that the Assyrians of northern Mesopotamia told some of the earliest English and American visitors to the region that they descended from the ancient Assyrians and that their churches and identity predated the Arab conquest. It details how the Assyrian tribes of the mountain dioceses of the "Nestorian" Church of the East maintained a surprising degree of independence until the Ottoman governor of Mosul authorized Kurdish militia to attack and subjugate or evict them. Assyrians, Kurds, and Ottomans is a work that will be of great interest and use to scholars of history, Middle Eastern studies, international relations, and anthropology.

Author : Burchard Brentjes
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015040547674

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The Armenians, Assyrians & Kurds by Burchard Brentjes Pdf

Author : Sargon Donabed
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2015-02-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780748686056

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Reforging a Forgotten History: Iraq and the Assyrians in the Twentieth Century by Sargon Donabed Pdf

Who are the Assyrians and what role did they play in shaping modern Iraq? Were they simply bystanders, victims of collateral damage who played a passive role in the history of Iraq? And how have they negotiated their position throughout various periods of Iraq's state-building processes? This book details the narrative and history of Iraq in the 20th century and reinserts the Assyrian experience as an integral part of Iraq's broader contemporary historiography. It is the first comprehensive account to contextualize this native people's experience alongside the developmental processes of the modern Iraqi state. Using primary and secondary data, this book offers a nuanced exploration of the dynamics that have affected and determined the trajectory of the Assyrians' experience in 20th century Iraq.

Author : Joost Jongerden,Jelle Verheij
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012-08-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004225183

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Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870-1915 by Joost Jongerden,Jelle Verheij Pdf

Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870-1915, offers new perspectives on the political conflicts and violent events that shaped the history of the region.

Author : David Gaunt,Naures Atto,Soner O. Barthoma
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2017-05-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781785334993

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Let Them Not Return by David Gaunt,Naures Atto,Soner O. Barthoma Pdf

The mass killing of Ottoman Armenians is today widely recognized, both within and outside scholarly circles, as an act of genocide. What is less well known, however, is that it took place within a broader context of Ottoman violence against minority groups during and after the First World War. Among those populations decimated were the indigenous Christian Assyrians (also known as Syriacs or Chaldeans) who lived in the borderlands of present-day Turkey, Iran, and Iraq. This volume is the first scholarly edited collection focused on the Assyrian genocide, or “Sayfo” (literally, “sword” in Aramaic), presenting historical, psychological, anthropological, and political perspectives that shed much-needed light on a neglected historical atrocity.

Author : Yaqou D'Malik Ismail
Publisher : Ramon Michael
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1964-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Assyrians and Two World Wars by Yaqou D'Malik Ismail Pdf

This valuable book has finally been translated in its entirety to English from the original Assyrian language (neo-Syriac). It is an important book because the accounts are mostly from Assyrians themselves. Those who were there at the most critical period in the recent and tumultuous history of the Assyrian people. The author was a warrior, soldier, and a leader of his tribe and was from the well-known Malik Ismael family of Upper Tyareh. It has specific facts and details not found in any other book. It includes a detailed account of the betrayal and murder of H.H. Mar Benyamin Shimun XIX, the Patriarch who was the spiritual and temporal leader of his Assyrian community during WWI. It also includes details of the negotiations between the Assyrians and the British-controlled Iraqi government, which eventually led to what is known as the Simele Massacre by the Iraqi government and the exodus of a part of the community from Iraq to Syria in 1933. This book also includes details of many of the battles during 1914 to 1933 of the Assyrians of the Hakkari mountains in southeastern Turkey and their brethren in today’s northwestern Iran. They fiercely defended themselves and their families against the brutal assaults of the Turks, Kurds, Iranians, and Arabs. They were usually outnumbered and outgunned, but they were often victorious as their enemy broke ranks and ran. They were eventually forced to leave their ancestral homeland in southeastern Turkey and northwestern Iran, where they had lived happily since time immemorial. They were then directed to Iraq, where the British needed their young fighters. This book details the military alliance of those Assyrians with the Russians and then the British and the pledges those governments made and broke repeatedly regarding a semi-independent Assyrian settlement, culminating in the Simele Massacre, a permanent stain on the Iraqi state.

Author : Alda Benjamen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108838795

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Assyrians in Modern Iraq by Alda Benjamen Pdf

Examines the role of minorities and identity in twentieth-century Iraqi political and cultural history through the relationship between the state and the Assyrians.

Author : George N. Shirinian
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2017-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781785334337

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Genocide in the Ottoman Empire by George N. Shirinian Pdf

The final years of the Ottoman Empire were catastrophic ones for its non-Turkish, non-Muslim minorities. From 1913 to 1923, its rulers deported, killed, or otherwise persecuted staggering numbers of citizens in an attempt to preserve “Turkey for the Turks,” setting a modern precedent for how a regime can commit genocide in pursuit of political ends while largely escaping accountability. While this brutal history is most widely known in the case of the Armenian genocide, few appreciate the extent to which the Empire’s Assyrian and Greek subjects suffered and died under similar policies. This comprehensive volume is the first to broadly examine the genocides of the Armenians, Assyrians, and Greeks in comparative fashion, analyzing the similarities and differences among them and giving crucial context to present-day calls for recognition.

Author : Hannibal Travis
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-07-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351980258

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The Assyrian Genocide by Hannibal Travis Pdf

For a brief period, the attention of the international community has focused once again on the plight of religious minorities in Iraq, Syria, and Turkey. In particular, the abductions and massacres of Yezidis and Assyrians in the Sinjar, Mosul, Nineveh Plains, Baghdad, and Hasakah regions in 2007–2015 raised questions about the prevention of genocide. This book, while principally analyzing the Assyrian genocide of 1914–1925 and its implications for the culture and politics of the region, also raises broader questions concerning the future of religious diversity in the Middle East. It gathers and analyzes the findings of a broad spectrum of historical and scholarly works on Christian identities in the Middle East, genocide studies, international law, and the politics of the late Ottoman Empire, as well as the politics of the Ottomans' British and Russian rivals for power in western Asia and the eastern Mediterranean basin. A key question the book raises is whether the fate of the Assyrians maps onto any of the concepts used within international law and diplomatic history to study genocide and group violence. In this light, the Assyrian genocide stands out as being several times larger, in both absolute terms and relative to the size of the affected group, than the Srebrenica genocide, which is recognized by Turkey as well as by international tribunals and organizations. Including its Armenian and Greek victims, the Ottoman Christian Genocide rivals the Rwandan, Bengali, and Biafran genocides. The book also aims to explore the impact of the genocide period of 1914–1925 on the development or partial unraveling of Assyrian group cohesion, including aspirations to autonomy in the Assyrian areas of northern Iraq, northwestern Iran, and southeastern Turkey. Scholars from around the world have collaborated to approach these research questions by reference to diplomatic and political archives, international legal materials, memoirs, and literary works.

Author : Frederick A. Aprim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : 9781425712990

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Assyrians by Frederick A. Aprim Pdf

After the establishment of Islam as a state religion in the Fertile Crescent by the 8th century, the ferocious attacks by the Timurids, plundering the region as they descended from Central Asia in the 14th century, drove many Christian Aramaic speakers who did not convert to Islam into the mountains of the Taurus, Hakkari, and the Zagros for shelter. Others remained in their ancestral villages on the Mosul (Nineveh) Plain only to face heavy pressure to assimilate into Arab culture. The greatest catastrophe to visit the Assyrians in the modern period was the genocide committed against them, as Christians, during the Great War. From the Assyrian renaissance experienced when, miraculously, they became the objects of Western Christian missionary educational and medical efforts, the Assyrians fell into near oblivion. Shunned by the Allies at the treaties that ended WWI, Assyrians drifted into Diaspora, destructive denominationalism, and fierce assimilation tendencies as exercised by chauvinistic Arab, Persian and Turkish state entities. Today they face the growing clout of their old enemies and neighbors, the Kurds, another Muslim ethnic group that threatens to control power, demand assimilation, and offer to engulf Assyrians as the price for continuing to live in the ancient Assyrian homeland. As half of the world's last Aramaic-speaking population has arrived in unwanted Diaspora, some voices are making an impact, including that of Frederick Aprim.

Author : Barbara Henning
Publisher : University of Bamberg Press
Page : 758 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-04-03
Category : Kurds
ISBN : 9783863095512

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Narratives of the History of the Ottoman-Kurdish Bedirhani Family in Imperial and Post-Imperial Contexts by Barbara Henning Pdf

Author : Salahi Ramadan Sonyel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Assyrians
ISBN : UOM:39015051700071

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The Assyrians of Turkey by Salahi Ramadan Sonyel Pdf

Author : Michael M. Gunter
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
Page : 457 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2010-11-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9780810875074

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Historical Dictionary of the Kurds by Michael M. Gunter Pdf

The second edition of Historical Dictionary of the Kurds greatly expands on the first edition through an updated chronology, an introductory essay, an expanded bibliography, maps, photos, and over 400 cross-referenced dictionary entries on significant persons, places, events, institutions, and aspects of culture, society, economy, and politics.

Author : Sebastian Maisel
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2018-06-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9798216108535

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The Kurds by Sebastian Maisel Pdf

This indispensable resource for Western readers about the Kurds—an ancient indigenous group that exemplifies diversity in the Middle East—examines their history, politics, economics, and social structure. The Kurds: An Encyclopedia of Life, Culture, and Society provides an insightful examination the Kurds—from their historical beginning to today—through thematic and country-specific essays as well as important primary documents that allow for a greater understanding of the diversity and pluralism of the region. This single-volume work looks at the Kurds from a variety of angles and disciplines, including history, anthropology, economics, religion, geography, and musicology, to cover the ethnic populations of the original Kurdish homeland states as well as of the diaspora. The book evaluates sources in Kurdish (both Kurmanci and Sorani) in addition to information of Arabic, Persian, and Turkish origin to present broad, up-to-date coverage that will serve nonspecialist readers, high school and college students, and professionals, journalists, politicians, and other decision makers who require accurate perspectives on Kurdish history and culture. Additionally, an entire section of the book provides excerpts of primary sources selected for their importance to Kurdish history and identity. These 20 primary source excerpts are accompanied by introductions and analysis that enable readers to fully appreciate their political, religious, and cultural importance.

Author : Banu Baybars,Sarphan Uzunoğlu,Mine Bertan Yılmaz
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2022-12-21
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781527592537

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Discourses and Practices of Othering by Banu Baybars,Sarphan Uzunoğlu,Mine Bertan Yılmaz Pdf

This book undertakes the theme of ‘othering’ as a broad set of practices and discourses. It includes as many perspectives as possible, while simultaneously providing a focused environment for discussions on how otherization is built across media genres and policy making through cultural and political articulations. The book includes a set of chapters that investigate how (and to what end) ‘others’ are manufactured and how they are anchored in the collective memory. Through an analysis of various media, such as film, news media, and social media, it sheds light on the institutional, political, social, and economic forces that form and transform the discourses and practices of othering.