Atom And Individual In The Age Of Newton

Author : G. Freudenthal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400945005

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Atom and Individual in the Age of Newton by G. Freudenthal Pdf

In this stimulating investigation, Gideon Freudenthal has linked social history with the history of science by formulating an interesting proposal: that the supposed influence of social theory may be seen as actual through its co herence with the process of formation of physical concepts. The reinterpre tation of the development of science in the seventeenth century, now widely influential, receives at Freudenthal's hand its most persuasive statement, most significantly because of his attention to the theoretical form which is charac teristic. of classical Newtonian mechanics. He pursues the sources of the parallels that may be noted between that mechanics and the dominant philosophical systems and social theories of the time; and in a fascinating development Freudenthal shows how a quite precise method - as he descriptively labels it, the 'analytic-synthetic method' - which underlay the Newtonian form of theoretical argument, was due to certain interpretive premisses concerning particle mechanics. If he is right, these depend upon a particular stage of con ceptual achievement in the theories of both society and nature; further, that the conceptual was generalized philosophically; but, strikingly, Freudenthal shows that this concept-formation itself was linked to the specific social relations of the times of Newton and Hobbes.

Author : Gideon Freudenthal
Publisher : Springer My Copy UK
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Physics
ISBN : 9400945019

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Atom and Individual in the Age of Newton by Gideon Freudenthal Pdf

Author : Fan Dainian,Robert S. Cohen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1996-09-30
Category : History
ISBN : 0792334639

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Chinese Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology by Fan Dainian,Robert S. Cohen Pdf

The articles in this collection were all selected from the first five volumes of the Journal of Dialectics of Nature published by the Chinese Academy of Sciences between 1979 and 1985. The Journal was established in 1979 as a comprehensive theoretical publication concerning the history, philosophy and sociology of the natural sciences. It began publication as a response to China's reform, particularly the policy of opening to the outside world. Chinese scholars began to undertake distinctive, original research in these fields. This collection provides a cross-section of their efforts during the initial phase. To enable western scholars to understand the historical process of this change in Chinese academics, Yu Guangyuan's `On the Emancipation of the Mind' and Xu Liangying's `Essay on the Role of Science and Democracy in Society' have been included in this collection. Three of the papers included on the philosophy of science are discussions of philosophical issues in cosmology and biology by scientists themselves. The remaining four are written by philosophers of science and discuss information and cognition, homeostasis and Chinese traditional medicine, the I Ching (Yi Jing) and mathematics, etc. Papers have been selected on the history of both classical and modern science and technology, the most distinctive of which are macro-comparisons of the development of science in China and the west. Some papers discuss the issue of the demarcation of periods in the history of science, the history of ancient Chinese mathematics, astronomy, metallurgy, machinery, medicine, etc. Others discuss the history of modern physics and biology, the history of historiography of science in China and the history of regional development of Chinese science and technology. Also included are biographies of three post-eighteenth-century Chinese scholars, Li Shanlan (1811-1882), Hua Hengfang (1833–1902), and Cai Yuanpei (1868–1940), who contributed greatly to the introduction of western science and scholarship to China. In addition, three short papers have been included introducing the interactions between Chinese scholars and three great western scientists, Niels Bohr, Norbert Wiener, and Robert A. Millikan.

Author : Ruth Hagengruber
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2011-10-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9400720939

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Emilie du Châtelet between Leibniz and Newton by Ruth Hagengruber Pdf

Emilie du Châtelet was one of the most influential woman philosophers of the Enlightenment. Her writings on natural philosophy, physics, and mechanics had a decisive impact on important scientific debates of the 18th century. Particularly, she took an innovative and outstanding position in the controversy between Newton and Leibniz, one of the fundamental scientific discourses of that time. The contributions in this volume focus on this "Leibnitian turn". They analyze the nature and motivation of Emilie du Châtelet's synthesis of Newtonian and Leibnitian philosophy. Apart from the Institutions Physiques they deal with Emilie du Châtelet's annotated translation of Isaac Newton's Principia. The chapters presented here collectively demonstrate that her work was an essential contribution to the mediation between empiricist and rationalist positions in the history of science.

Author : John Scales Avery
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2016-09-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789813147737

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Science and Society by John Scales Avery Pdf

The latest advances and discoveries in science have made, and continue to make, a huge impact on our lives. This book is a history of the social impact of science and technology from the beginnings of civilization up to the present. The book explains how the key inventions: agriculture, writing and printing with movable type, initiated an explosive growth of knowledge and human power over the environment. It also shows how the Industrial Revolution changed the relationship between humans and nature, and initiated a massive use of fossil fuels. Problems related to nuclear power, nuclear weapons, genetic engineering, information technology, exhaustion of non-renewable resources, use of fossil fuels and climate change are examined in the later chapters of the book. Finally, the need for ethical maturity to match our scientific progress is discussed.

Author : Lawrence Michael Zbikowski,Lawrence M. Zbikowski
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Music
ISBN : 9780195140231

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Conceptualizing Music by Lawrence Michael Zbikowski,Lawrence M. Zbikowski Pdf

The play of concepts and conceptual structures typical of music theory is thus not something remote from our appreciation of music, but is instead basic to it."--Jacket.

Author : Marcelo Dascal,Victor D. Boantza
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2011-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789027282545

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Controversies Within the Scientific Revolution by Marcelo Dascal,Victor D. Boantza Pdf

From the beginning of the Scientific Revolution around the late sixteenth century to its final crystallization in the early eighteenth century, hardly an observational result, an experimental technique, a theory, a mathematical proof, a methodological principle, or the award of recognition and reputation remained unquestioned for long. The essays collected in this book examine the rich texture of debates that comprised the Scientific Revolution from which the modern conception of science emerged. Were controversies marginal episodes, restricted to certain fields, or were they the rule in the majority of scientific domains? To what extent did scientific controversies share a typical pattern, which distinguished them from debates in other fields? Answers to these historical and philosophical questions are sought through a close attention to specific controversies within and across the changing scientific disciplines as well as across the borders of the natural and the human sciences, philosophy, theology, and technology.

Author : Steve Clark,David Worrall
Publisher : Springer
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-12-31
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9781349234776

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Historicizing Blake by Steve Clark,David Worrall Pdf

Historicizing Blake puts Blake back into the cultural context of his times. These new essays by both established and younger scholars re-address Blake's contemporary milieu after the neglect of ten years of post-structuralist, reader-orientated, methodology. By employing notions of history wider than the purely 'literary', and featuring an important new essay by the period's foremost subcultural historian, Iain McCalman, Historicizing Blake represents a significant contribution towards the re-historicizing of Romanticism.

Author : David N. Livingstone,Charles W. J. Withers
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2010-08-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226487359

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Geography and Revolution by David N. Livingstone,Charles W. J. Withers Pdf

A term with myriad associations, revolution is commonly understood in its intellectual, historical, and sociopolitical contexts. Until now, almost no attention has been paid to revolution and questions of geography. Geography and Revolution examines the ways that place and space matter in a variety of revolutionary situations. David N. Livingstone and Charles W. J. Withers assemble a set of essays that are themselves revolutionary in uncovering not only the geography of revolutions but the role of geography in revolutions. Here, scientific revolutions—Copernican, Newtonian, and Darwinian—ordinarily thought of as placeless, are revealed to be rooted in specific sites and spaces. Technical revolutions—the advent of print, time-keeping, and photography—emerge as inventions that transformed the world's order without homogenizing it. Political revolutions—in France, England, Germany, and the United States—are notable for their debates on the nature of political institutions and national identity. Gathering insight from geographers, historians, and historians of science, Geography and Revolution is an invitation to take the where as seriously as the who and the when in examining the nature, shape, and location of revolutions.

Author : Michael Hampe
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2018-02-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780226365312

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What Philosophy Is For by Michael Hampe Pdf

What is the state of philosophy today, and what might it be tomorrow? With What Philosophy Is For, Michael Hampe answers these questions by exploring the relationships among philosophy, education, science, and narrative, developing a Socratic critique of philosophical doctrines. Philosophers generally develop systematic theories that lay out the basic structures of human experience, in order to teach the rest of humanity how to rightly understand our place in the world. This “scientific” approach to philosophy, Hampe argues, is too one-sided. In this magnum opus of an essay, Hampe aims to rescue philosophy from its current narrow claims of doctrine and to remind us what it is really for—to productively disillusion us into clearer thinking. Hampe takes us through twenty-five hundred years of intellectual history, starting with Socrates. That archetype of the philosophical teacher did not develop strict doctrines and rules, but rather criticized and refuted doctrines. With the Socratic method, we see the power of narration at work. Narrative and analytical disillusionment, Hampe argues, are the most helpful long-term enterprises of thought, the ones most worth preserving and developing again. What Philosophy Is For is simultaneously an introduction, a critique, and a call to action. Hampe shows how and why philosophy became what it is today, and, crucially, shows what it could be once more, if it would only turn its back on its pretensions to dogma: a privileged space for reflecting on the human condition.

Author : Arne Hessenbruch
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 965 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2013-12-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134263011

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Reader's Guide to the History of Science by Arne Hessenbruch Pdf

The Reader's Guide to the History of Science looks at the literature of science in some 550 entries on individuals (Einstein), institutions and disciplines (Mathematics), general themes (Romantic Science) and central concepts (Paradigm and Fact). The history of science is construed widely to include the history of medicine and technology as is reflected in the range of disciplines from which the international team of 200 contributors are drawn.

Author : Richard Arena,Sheila Dow,Matthias Klaes
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134045686

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Open Economics by Richard Arena,Sheila Dow,Matthias Klaes Pdf

This book offers an up to date assessment of economics in relation to other disciplines, combining the work of leading international scholars and rising young stars and presenting€ an historical introduction to the disciplinary context of economics.

Author : Adriano Fabris,Giovanni Scarafile
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2019-08-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789027262233

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Controversies in the Contemporary World by Adriano Fabris,Giovanni Scarafile Pdf

Inspired by Marcelo Dascal’s theory of controversies, this volume includes studies in the theory of controversies, studies of the history of controversy forms and their evolution, and case-studies of particular historical and current controversies. The purpose of this volume is to identify a taxonomy of controversies and also to sense a line of development for the phenomenon of controversies itself. At the same time, we want to ask ourselves about the impact and the spread of controversies in the contemporary world, eminently intended as a heuristic element facilitating knowledge. For all these reasons, the fundamental aim of the volume is to provide the reader with a selection of current theoretical and practical perspectives on controversies, and to offer a broad picture of the complex range of definitions, meanings and practices connected to them.

Author : Ido Geiger
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2022-04-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781108834261

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Kant and the Claims of the Empirical World by Ido Geiger Pdf

Kant famously argues that our experience of the empirical world is shaped by our cognitive faculties. But an important part of this story is yet to be told. This book explores the final instalment of Kant's transcendental undertaking, tying closely together his elusive discussions of natural beauty and teleology.

Author : Gideon Freudenthal,Peter McLaughlin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2009-05-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402096044

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The Social and Economic Roots of the Scientific Revolution by Gideon Freudenthal,Peter McLaughlin Pdf

The texts of Boris Hessen and Henryk Grossmann assembled in this volume are important contributions to the historiography of the Scienti?c Revolution and to the methodology of the historiography of science. They are of course also historical documents, not only testifying to Marxist discourse of the time but also illustrating typical European fates in the ?rst half of the twentieth century. Hessen was born a Jewish subject of the Russian Czar in the Ukraine, participated in the October Revolution and was executed in the Soviet Union at the beginning of the purges. Grossmann was born a Jewish subject of the Austro-Hungarian Kaiser in Poland and served as an Austrian of?cer in the First World War; afterwards he was forced to return to Poland and then because of his revolutionary political activities to emigrate to Germany; with the rise to power of the Nazis he had to ?ee to France and then Americawhilehisfamily,whichremainedinEurope,perishedinNaziconcentration camps. Our own acquaintance with the work of these two authors is also indebted to historical context (under incomparably more fortunate circumstances): the revival of Marxist scholarship in Europe in the wake of the student movement and the p- fessionalization of history of science on the Continent. We hope that under the again very different conditions of the early twenty-?rst century these texts will contribute to the further development of a philosophically informed socio-historical approach to the study of science.