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Author : T (Terrence). Lyons
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1037142798
Author : Terrence Lyons,Center for Preventive Action
Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations Press
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015069304502
Increased tensions along the Ethiopian- Eritrean border —in a context of internal political turmoil in Ethiopia, increasing political repression in Eritrea, and recent developments in Somalia —raise concerns of expanding instability in the strategically important Horn of Africa. Avoiding Conflict in the Horn of Africa urges the United States to take the risks and spend the resources necessary to resolve the Ethiopia-Eritrea border conflict and thereby reduce tension in the region. It argues that Washington should pressure Ethiopia to demarcate the border and Eritrea to lift restrictions on the UN peacekeeping mission that monitors the border. Washington must also make clear to both countries the costs of continuing to suppress internal dissent —and highlight the benefits of initiating real internal reform and regional cooperation. In addition, the administration should be prepared to cut bilateral assistance programs and enact sanctions if political conditions deteriorate further. Finally, the United States, international donors, and organizations should support long-term peace-building initiatives.
Author : Terrence Lyons
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1396851706
Author : Rachid Mohamed Youssouf
Publisher : Publishroom
Page : 107 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2023-04-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9782384546862
From the historical perspective, the Cold War can be regarded as an extension and continuation of colonialism via different means. The tools and methods that the superpowers, as well as local allies used, were in many ways similar to those desired during the last stage of European colonialism: gigantic economic and social projects, the promises of progress and modernization to the supporters, and almost death to the opponents or those who dare to step on the way of progress. The tragedy of the history of the Cold War in general and of the Cold War in the countries of the Third World, in particular, showed that two historical projects were originally anti-colonial, however, at last, they became the part of significantly older domination patter, due to intensity and severity of the confrontation, as well as the high stakes they considered were involved and practically apocalyptic fear of the situation when the opponent wins. In other words, even though both Soviet Union and the United States opposed colonialism and its reflections, they practically did the same in their own version of modernity, like their predecessors (for instance, France and Britain with their colonial projects of the 19th and 20th centuries). These methods were focused on implementing ecological, demographic, and cultural change in the societies of the Third World while utilizing military power to defeat the states that dare to resist. ABOUT THE AUTHOR MOHAMED YOUSSOUF Rachid, was born on a grey morning under the blazing sun of a hot summer in Djibouti city in 1990. Animator, investigative journalist, essayist of the new independent media of the Horn of Africa called The Voice of Djibouti (LVD), the author has a passion for the issue of foreign policy, authors and historians of the Horn of Africa and began his socio-political commitment very early thanks to these different courses and his tours in West Africa. Greatly interested in the world of literature, foreign civilization and international relations, the Djiboutian enarque is guided by his pen through which he tries to rediscover the history of the Horn of Africa; the issue of geopolitics, post-colonial recomposition and the reconquest of Islam in these lost territories. Animator of political programs, former head of programming, much sought after by international or regional media such as “bbc, voa” ...
Author : Alexandra Magnólia Dias
Publisher : Centro de Estudos Internacionais
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789898862471
This book brings to fruition the research done during the CEA-ISCTE project ‘’Monitoring Conflicts in the Horn of Africa’’, reference PTDC/AFR/100460/2008. The Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) provided funding for this project. The chapters are based on first-hand data collected through fieldwork in the region’s countries between 4 January 2010 and 3 June 2013. The project’s team members and consultants debated their final research findings in a one-day Conference at ISCTE-IUL on 29 April 2013. The following authors contributed to the project’s final publication: Alexandra M. Dias, Alexandre de Sousa Carvalho, Aleksi Ylönen, Ana Elisa Cascão, Elsa González Aimé, Manuel João Ramos, Patrick Ferras, Pedro Barge Cunha and Ricardo Real P. Sousa.
Author : Dan Connell,Tom Killion
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
Page : 688 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2010-10-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780810875050
The history of Eritrea is told in this reference through a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and over 500 cross-referenced dictionary entries on significant persons, events, places, organizations, and other aspects of Eritrea's history from the earliest times to the present. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Eritrea.
Author : Jon B. Alterman,Will Todman
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2018-11-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781442280816
This volume explores the varied outcomes that self-determination movements around the world have achieved, and in particular seeks to understand what factors promote better outcomes and what factors promote worse ones. Rather than focusing on the metric of achieving independence, the project evaluates the quality of societies after independence, including such elements as economic strength and political resilience, and it analyzes what factors contribute to different outcomes. The study finds that the single most determinative factor in the success of any independence movement is frequently beyond the control of such a movement, often relating to the global and historical contexts in which the movement finds itself. However, a whole host of factors are within the control of such a movement, but movements do not always seek to act on many of them. Activists become so convinced in the justness of the independence cause that they do not focus on actions that would contribute to greater success after independence.
Author : Jean-Nicolas Bach
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 776 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2022-03-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429762536
The Routledge Handbook of the Horn of Africa provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary survey of contemporary research related to the Horn of Africa. Situated at the junction of the Sahel-Saharan strip and the Arabian Peninsula, the Horn of Africa is growing in global importance due to demographic growth and the strategic importance of the Suez Canal. Divided into sections on authoritarianism and resistance, religion and politics, migration, economic integration, the military, and regimes and liberation, the contributors provide up-to-date, authoritative knowledge on the region in light of contemporary strategic concerns. The handbook investigates how political, economic, and security innovations have been implemented, sometimes with violence, by use of force or by negotiation – including ‘ethnic federalism’ in Ethiopia, independence in Eritrea and South Sudan, integration of the traditional authorities in the (neo)patrimonial administrations, Somalian Islamic Courts, the Sudanese Islamist regime, people’s movements, multilateral operations, and the construction of an architecture for regional peace and security. Accessibly written, this handbook is an essential read for scholars, students, and policy professionals interested in the contemporary politics in the Horn of Africa.
Author : John Campbell
Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations
Page : 51 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780876096109
John Campbell, Ralph Bunche senior fellow for Africa policy studies, evaluates the implications of the Boko Haram insurgency and recommends that the United States support Nigerian efforts to address the drivers of Boko Haram, such as poverty and corruption, and to foster stronger ties with Nigerian civil society.
Author : Ashley S. Deeks
Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780876094174
"When the United States wishes to transfer a [terrorism] suspect to a country where it believes the likelihood of torture is high, it can seek diplomatic assurances of humane treatment from the receiving country. [The author] analyzes the debate over U.S. use of assurance against torture"--Page v.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Counterinsurgency
ISBN : UOM:39015075667066
Product Description: Since the tragic events of 9/11 and the consequent advent of the Global War on Terrorism, there has been a remarkable surge of interest in counterinsurgency. This anthology presents 27 articles on counterinsurgency and irregular warfare, particularly highlighting and examining the U.S. Marine Corps' roles in conflicts from 1898 through 2007. It also includes an extensive bibliography of works on these conflicts. Continuing discussion and study of these subjects is of critical importance to the ongoing efforts of the United States and its allies in the Global War on Terrorism. The anthology is divided broadly into two halves: the first half presents historical examples of counterinsurgency involving the United States-from the Philippines and the "Banana Wars" up through Vietnam-while the second half addresses the nation's contemporary efforts in this regard. Articles cover the situations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Horn of Africa. The selected bibliography addresses a broad range of subjects: on higher-end operational/strategic level of war considerations, on geopolitical context, and on a varied array of related topics-political theory, historical case studies, failed states, cultural studies and analysis, and many others-that all provide context or play a role in conducting a counterinsurgency and achieving success in the realm of irregular warfare. Colonel Stephen S. Evans, USMCR, researched and compiled this work as a field historian with the Marine Corps History Division. He has experience at various operational levels, both joint and multinational, in CONUS and overseas, and has performed duty with all three MEFs, MARFORLANT, MARFOREUR, and U.S. forces in Korea. He has also held a range of positions in administrative and educational roles at Quantico and the Pentagon. Colonel Evans holds a doctorate in history from Temple University and has published two historical monographs.
Author : Micah Zenko
Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations
Page : 47 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : History
ISBN : 9780876094983
The New START Treaty, signed by presidents Barack Obama and Dmitry Medvedev in April 2010, was an important achievement. A follow-on to the 1991 START treaty, New START commits both countries to substantial reductions in their nuclear arsenals. Pending ratification in the Russian Duma and U.S. Senate, New START limits both countries to 1,550 deployed strategic nuclear warheads--far below the Cold War peak of 31,000 strategic and tactical nuclear weapons in the United States alone. Moreover, the New START treaty furthers Obama's goal of "resetting" U.S.-Russia relations. In just the past two years, the former adversaries also finalized an agreement on plutonium disposition, imposed UN sanctions against Iran in reaction to its nuclear program, and enhanced security for non-deployed tactical nuclear weapons. Despite these signs of progress, it is unwise to be complacent. Even after the implementation of the New START Treaty, Obama's goal of a "world free of nuclear weapons" will remain elusive--the United States and Russia will still command enough nuclear weapons to annihilate each other several times over. In this Council Special Report, Fellow for Conflict Prevention Micah Zenko argues that reducing nuclear weapons stockpiles even further than New START treaty levels--to one thousand warheads, including tactical nuclear weapons--would be both strategically and politically advantageous. It would decrease the risk of nuclear weapons theft and nuclear attack and increase international political support for future U.S. initiatives to reduce or control nuclear warheads, all while maintaining a credible nuclear deterrent. To achieve such a significant reduction in a follow-on to the New START treaty, the United States and Russia would need to reach agreement on three long-standing and contentious issues. Tactical nuclear weapons deployments will be the most difficult of these challenges, Zenko writes, since Russia has a much larger arsenal of tactical nuclear weapons than does the United States and will therefore bear the brunt of the tactical nuclear weapons cuts. Missile defense is the second obstacle toward further significant nuclear reductions. Much work remains to secure Moscow's cooperation on--or acceptance of--the project. Finally, the United States and Russia must reach agreement on the use of nuclear vehicles for conventional weapons. It is difficult to overstate the potential danger if either country mistook a conventional missile for a nuclear one. Toward Deeper Reductions in U.S. and Russian Nuclear Weapons makes a thoughtful contribution to the discussion on how to build a stable future with far fewer nuclear weapons. With ongoing debate over the New START treaty in the Senate, this CSR serves as a reminder that there is more work to be done.
Author : Redie Bereketeab
Publisher : Pluto Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-01-22
Category : History
ISBN : 0745333125
The Horn of Africa, comprising Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan, and Somalia, is the most conflict-ridden region in Africa. This book explores the origins and impact of these conflicts at both a intra-state and inter-state level and the insecurity they create.The contributors show how regional and international interventions have compounded pre-existing tensions and have been driven by competing national interests linked to the "war on terror" and acts of piracy off the coast of Somalia. The Horn of Africa outlines proposals for multidimensional mechanisms for conflict resolution in the region. Issues of border demarcation, democratic deficit, crises of nation and state building, and the roles of political actors and traditional authorities are all clearly analyzed.
Author : Micah Zenko
Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations
Page : 53 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780876095447
Douglas Dillon Fellow Micah Zenko analyzes the potentially serious consequences, both at home and abroad, of a lightly overseen drone program and makes recommendations for improving its governance.
Author : Robert D. Blackwill,Ashley J. Tellis
Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2015-04-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780876096468
Robert D. Blackwill and Ashley J. Tellis argue that the United States has responded inadequately to the rise of Chinese power. This Council Special Report recommends placing less strategic emphasis on the goal of integrating China into the international system and more on balancing China's rise.