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Basic Patterns of Chinese Grammar by Qin Xue Herzberg,Larry Herzberg Pdf
Here is a concise guide to supplement any course of study and help with homework, travel, and test preparation. Topics include word order, time, nouns, verbs, adjectives, word choices with verbs and adverbs, and letter writing. The simple format has one goal: quick mastery and growing confidence. Qin Xue Herzberg, a graduate of Beijing Normal University, has taught Chinese for decades and has been an upper-level Chinese professor at Calvin College for ten years. Larry Herzberg did his PhD work in Chinese and founded the Chinese language programs at Albion College and Calvin College. Qin and Larry live in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and are co-authors of the popular China Survival Guide as well as Chinese Proverbs and Popular Sayings.
Author : A. D. Stefanowska,Mabel Lee Publisher : Wild Peony (AU) Page : 0 pages File Size : 40,8 Mb Release : 1986 Category : Chinese language ISBN : 0959073515
Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar by Edwin G. Pulleyblank Pdf
Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar is a comprehensive introduction to the syntactical analysis of classical Chinese. Focusing on the language of the high classical period, which ranges from the time of Confucius to the unification of the empire by Qin in 221, the book pays particular attention to the Mencius, the L�nyu, and, to a lesser extent, the Zu�zhu�n texts. Outline of Classical Chinese Grammar starts with a brief historical overview and a discussion of the relation between the writing system and the phonology. This is followed by an outline of overall principles of word order and sentence structure. The next sections deal with the main sentence types � nominal predicates, verbal predicates, and numberical expressions, which constitute a special type of quasiverbal predication. The final sections cover such topics as subordinate constitutents of sentences, nondeclarative sentence types, and complex sentences.
Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook by Claudia Ross,Jing-heng Sheng Ma,Baozhang He Pdf
Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook is a book of exercises and language tasks for all learners of Mandarin Chinese. Divided into two sections, the Workbook initially provides exercises based on essential grammatical structures, and moves on to practise everyday functions such as making introductions, apologizing and expressing needs. With a comprehensive answer key at the back to enable students to check on their progress, main features include: exercises graded according to level of difficulty cross-referencing to the related Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar topical exercises that develop students' vocabulary base. Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook is ideal for all learners of Mandarin Chinese, from beginner to intermediate and advanced students. It can be used both independently and alongside the Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar.
The Accurate Use of Chinese: Practical Sentence Structures and Word Usage for English Speakers is a unique learning resource for learners of Chinese who are English speakers. The primary goal is twofold: to help these learners leverage their existent knowledge in English and navigate the Chinese system with fewer obstacles; and also to help them prevent errors of which the underlying cause may be English. This is done through comparisons of selected grammar topics, language rules and word usages between the two languages. Grammar topics in English serve as the comparison points from which learners can gain a deeper understanding of the comparable, but differing structures in Chinese. The book's comparative approach is unique and innovative, designed to build a more nuanced and instinctive approach to grammar. A valuable resource for beginners to advanced learners and instructors of Chinese, the book contextualizes grammar structures and provides in-depth information not covered in Chinese language textbooks.
Practical Grammar of Modern Chinese IV by Liu Yuehua,Pan Wenyu,Gu Wei Pdf
Chinese grammar is characterized by its simple structure, lack of inflections, and wide use of monosyllabic morphemes. With the increased popularity of learning Chinese as a second language, there is a demand for a guide to Chinese grammar that's targeted at second language learners. This four-volume set is one of the earliest and most influential works of Chinese grammar, with a special focus on teaching and learning Chinese as a second language. Drawing on rich teaching experience, the authors analyze a myriad of real-world examples to describe Chinese grammatical phenomena and rules while introducing the general grammar system of Chinese. This volume introduces several simple sentence and compound sentence structures of modern Chinese grammar. In addition, the authors examine discourse and other larger units of sentences in use. Since the first edition came out in 1983, this set has been revised twice and remained one of the best sellers in the field. Practitioners and scholars of teaching Chinese as a second language, as well as students with a basic knowledge of Chinese, will find it to be a handy reference.
Part of the larger Chinese Grammar Wiki Book series, this volume focuses specifically on the grammar points required for the Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK) Level 1 standard test of Mandarin Chinese proficiency.This book includes: -54 grammar points aligned with the HSK 1 test-Over 600 simple example sentences illustrating the grammar points-Pinyin and English translation for all word and sentences -Simple grammar explanations that any learner can understand-Extensive interlinking of similar grammar points-Full keyword index (with pinyin)-Learner-centric designNote that many of these grammar points are also contained in our "Chinese Grammar Wiki BOOK: Elementary" book, but these have been reorganized specifically according to the HSK standard.
Author : Henry Hung-Yeh Tiee,Donald M. Lance Publisher : University of Arizona Press Page : 436 pages File Size : 50,7 Mb Release : 1986-01-01 Category : Foreign Language Study ISBN : 0816511667
A Reference Grammar of Chinese Sentences with Exercises by Henry Hung-Yeh Tiee,Donald M. Lance Pdf
Begins with simple single-word-subject and simple-predicate sentences and moves systematically to transformed simple sentences and finally to compound and complex sentences. Each sentence structure is not only descriptively analyzed, but also formulated in a pedagogical pattern with examples. Exercises are provided in each unit.
Understanding and Using Chinese Grammar by Zhou Xiaogeng Pdf
For most learners of the Chinese language, two kinds of tools are essential for them: one is a dictionary, and the other is a grammar book. If we think of the learning process as building a house, a dictionary represents the utilities and features of the raw materials for construction, while a grammar book shows the principles and methods for how to build a house with the materials. "Interesting," "practical," and "unique" are the right words for describing this grammar book. This book not only introduces the fundamental knowledge about the Chinese language but also, and more importantly, reveals the reasons behind the principles and rules, which helps learners to understand this language and apply the grammar rules well. This grammar book actually gets learners out of the boring elements, such as excessive memorizing and drilling, for learning a new language, and it helps learners to create the correct the words and sentences similar to what they do in mathematical calculations. Only in this way can learners radically accelerate their learning process and get more fun from learning a new language. Easy and Plain There are almost no obscure linguistic concepts or professional terms included in this book, so readers do not need to have any special background knowledge. This book is written in the style of daily language, and readers will find it very user-friendly. Simple but Profound The content is developed from a totally new angle basing it on the common sense of people and extending not only the phenomena and basic grammar rules but also the reason and mechanism under the surface. Readers can easily understand the rules and then apply them much more freely. Vivid and Intuitive Many charts and diagrams are employed to show the concepts and mechanisms in a vivid and intuitive way. Additionally, most of the grammar rules are extended in a formula-like way so that readers can apply them effectively. Culture Connecting About two hundred photos are included in this book not only showing present daily life in China but also corresponding to the language instruction in this book. Readers can easily find the connection between the language and the culture. Best for Readers K7 - K12 students, who are beginners or in the intermediate level College students, who are beginners or in the intermediate level Self-learners, who are in the intermediate level Teachers for Mandarin Chinese Researchers of the Chinese language Content Chapter 01 Preparing to Start Chapter 02 Secrets of Combination Chapter 03 Detailed Types of Combining Processes Chapter 04 Multiple Combining Processes Chapter 05 Structures and Gradations Chapter 06 Words in Special Types Chapter 07 Quantities, Times, and Places Chapter 08 About Sentences Chapter 09 To Make Comments and Descriptions Chapter 10 To Describe Existence Chapter 11 To Describe Acts Chapter 12 To Raise Questions: Yes or No Chapter 13 To Raise Questions: Ask for Details Chapter 14 Past, Present, and Future Chapter 15 Start, End, and Span Chapter 16 Connection and Integration
Side by Side Chinese and English Grammar by Feng-hsi Liu,Rongrong Liao,Xiaozhou Wu,C. Frederick Farrell Pdf
Learn and review Chinese grammar at a glance Of all the obstacles you face while learning a new language, grammar is one of the toughest. But now there's a way to learn the subtleties of grammar without all the headaches. Side by Side Chinese & English Grammar is the perfect tool to help you understand the similarities and differences between English and Chinese grammar. By learning Chinese grammar through comparisons to your native English language, you are able to build on what you already know. You will be better able to understand and remember Chinese grammar while writing, speaking, and being tested on Chinese usage. This innovative grammar guide includes: Clear and comprehensive introductions to the parts of speech, explaining their functions and answering common questions about them Quick Check sections that summarize main ideas Appendices that identify possible grammar trouble spots, such as measure words and individual classifiers Numerous verb charts with side-by-side Chinese and English translations for easy understanding of each tense's meaning An exercise section with answer key to test and review your knowledge Side by Side Chinese & English Grammar gives you a firm grasp of the structure of both languages and sets the stage for true language mastery.
Understanding and Using Chinese Grammar (Black and White Edition, an Easy-To-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and 200+ Pictures) by Zhou Xiaogeng Pdf
This book not only introduces the fundamental knowledge about the Chinese language but also, and more importantly, reveals the reasons behind the principles and rules, which helps learners to understand this language and apply the grammar rules well. Contents CHAPTER 1 Preparing to Start 1.1 A New Perspective 1.2 Chinese Language, Dialect, and Mandarin Chinese 1.3 Chinese Character, Simplified Character, and Traditional Character 1.4 Pronunciation, Tone, and Pinyin CHAPTER 2 Secrets of Combination 2.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 2.2 Three Basic Types of Combining Processes 2.3 Know More, Do More Chapter 3 Detailed Types of Combining Processes 3.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 3.2 Combining between Nouns 3.3 Combining between Verbs 3.4 Combining between Adjectives 3.5 Combining between a Noun and an Adjective 3.6 Combining between a Noun and a Verb 3.7 Combining between a Verb and an Adverb 3.8 Know More, Do More Chapter 4 Multiple Combining Processes 4.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 4.2 Logical Relations and Combining Sequences 4.3 Details and Skills 4.4 Know More, Do More Chapter 5 Structures and Gradations 5.1 Intermissions 5.2 Structure-Marking Words 5.3 Relation-Marking Words 5.4 Know More, Do More Chapter 6 Words in Special Types 6.1 Words as Affixes 6.2 Words as Reduplication 6.3 Words as Sounds Imitations 6.4 Words as Abbreviations 6.5 Chinese Idioms Chapter 7 Quantities, Times, and Places 7.1 To Describe Numbers and Quantities 7.2 To Describe Times 7.3 To Describe Places Chapter 8: About Sentences 8.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 8.2 Consistency in Combining Principles and Rules Chapter 9 To Make Comments and Descriptions 9.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 9.2 To Make Comments about Objects 9.3 To Describe Properties of Objects 9.4 To Describe Definitions 9.5 To Make Comparisons and Conclusions Chapter 10 To Describe Existence 10.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 10.2 To Describe Existence in General Statuses 10.3 To Describe Existence in Specific Statuses Chapter 11 To Describe Acts 11.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 11.2 To Describe Issuers and Acts 11.3 To Describe Acts and Receivers 11.4 To Describe Issuers, Acts, and Receivers 11.5 Special Sentence Structures Chapter 12 To Raise Questions: Yes or No 12.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 12.2 To Apply Interrogative Words 12.3 To Apply Reduplicative Structures 12.4 To Apply Independent Structures Chapter 13 To Raise Questions: Ask for Details 13.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 13.2 To Inquire about Unknown People 13.3 To Inquire about Unknown Things 13.4 To Inquire about Unknown Acts 13.5 To Inquire about Unknown Places 13.6 To Inquire about Specific Unknown Objects 13.7 To Inquire about Unknown Statuses 13.8 To Inquire about Unknown Reasons 13.9 To Inquire about Unknown Quantities 13.10 To Inquire about Unknown Times 13.11 Know More, Do More Chapter 14 Past, Present, and Future 14.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 14.2 Tense of Present Indefinite 14.3 Tense of Past Indefinite 14.4 Tense of Future Indefinite 14.5 Tense of Present Continuous 14.6 Tense of Past Continuous 14.7 Tense of Future Continuous 14.8 Tense of Present Perfect 14.9 Tense of Past Perfect 14.10 Tense of Future Perfect 14.11 Know More, Do More Chapter 15 Start, End, and Span 15.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 15.2 To Describe a Specific Point 15.3 To Describe a Span 15.4 Know More, Do More Chapter 16 Connection and Integration 16.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 16.2 To Specify Coordinating Relationships 16.3 To Specify Progressive Relationships 16.4 To Specify Adversative Relationships 16.5 To Specify Conditional Relationships 16.6 To Specify Cause-and-Effect Relationships 16.7 To Specify Objective Relationships 16.8 To Apply Independent Reminding Words 16.9 Know More, Do More
Author : Jian Kang Loar Publisher : Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers Page : 0 pages File Size : 44,6 Mb Release : 2011 Category : Chinese language ISBN : 1433112523
Chinese Syntactic Grammar: Functional and Conceptual Principles is unique in that it discusses the organizational principles of Chinese syntactic structures in terms of conceptual and functional principles, which are iconic and hence are easy to understand and apply. The organizational principles mainly comprise the three Chinese conceptual principles of Temporal Sequence, Temporal Scope, and Whole-Before-Part (Tai, 1985) and the two functional principles of Communicative Dynamism and the Principle of Topic-End Focus. By analyzing the semantic roles of each clause element, Chinese Syntactic Grammar reveals that the conceptual principles play a crucial role in organizing ideas and bringing units (such as subject, verb, and object) together to form grammatical sequences, which manifest S (A) V O (C), which is the basic Chinese word order. The functional principles control and govern variations of the basic sentence structure, which are motivated to facilitate effective communication and achieve specific communicative goals, thus generating several special structures, including the Bá/Bèi/null Bèi sentences, etc. The variant forms are motivated to achieve special communicative goals, and to facilitate effective communication. Another feature of the book is that it focuses on reasons, rather than merely on a description of rules. The language is lucid, and the arguments are cogent. The scope and depth of the investigation make the volume one of the most thorough and relatively complete pedagogical reference books. Chinese Syntactic Grammar can serve as a textbook for training professional CFL teachers. It is a must-read book for Mandarin Chinese teachers as a handy manual, also for intermediate and advanced Chinese learners if they want to have deeper insight into the nature of the Chinese language. Linguists who are interested in cognitive grammar and specialists across many fields including education, psychology, communication, and information science will find the book enlightening and interesting.
Chinese Grammar at Work adopts a cognitive-functional approach and uses a corpus-based methodology to examine how Chinese syntax emerges from natural discourse context and what the evolving grammar at work looks like. In this volume the author weaves together an array of fresh perspectives on clause structure, constructions, interactional linguistics, cognitive science and complex dynamic systems to construct a grammar of spoken Chinese. The volume contains discussions of a large number of topics: contiguity relation, the roles of repair strategies in the shaping of constituent structure, non-canonical word order constructions, pragmatics of referring expressions, classifier constructions, noun-modifying constructions, verb complementation, ethnotheory of the person and constructions specific to the language of emotion, sequential sensitivity of linguistic materials, meaning potential in interaction, the nature of variability and stability in Chinese syntax from the perspective of complexity theory. The result is a volume that highlights the connections between language structure, situated and embodied nature of cognition and language use, and affords a true entrée to the exciting realm of Chinese grammar.
Understanding and Using Chinese Grammar (Chinese Edition, Black and White, an Easy-To-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and 200+ Pictures) by Zhou Xiaogeng Pdf
This book not only introduces the fundamental knowledge about the Chinese language but also, and more importantly, reveals the reasons behind the principles and rules, which helps learners to understand this language and apply the grammar rules well. Contents CHAPTER 1 Preparing to Start 1.1 A New Perspective 1.2 Chinese Language, Dialect, and Mandarin Chinese 1.3 Chinese Character, Simplified Character, and Traditional Character 1.4 Pronunciation, Tone, and Pinyin CHAPTER 2 Secrets of Combination 2.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 2.2 Three Basic Types of Combining Processes 2.3 Know More, Do More Chapter 3 Detailed Types of Combining Processes 3.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 3.2 Combining between Nouns 3.3 Combining between Verbs 3.4 Combining between Adjectives 3.5 Combining between a Noun and an Adjective 3.6 Combining between a Noun and a Verb 3.7 Combining between a Verb and an Adverb 3.8 Know More, Do More Chapter 4 Multiple Combining Processes 4.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 4.2 Logical Relations and Combining Sequences 4.3 Details and Skills 4.4 Know More, Do More Chapter 5 Structures and Gradations 5.1 Intermissions 5.2 Structure-Marking Words 5.3 Relation-Marking Words 5.4 Know More, Do More Chapter 6 Words in Special Types 6.1 Words as Affixes 6.2 Words as Reduplication 6.3 Words as Sounds Imitations 6.4 Words as Abbreviations 6.5 Chinese Idioms Chapter 7 Quantities, Times, and Places 7.1 To Describe Numbers and Quantities 7.2 To Describe Times 7.3 To Describe Places Chapter 8: About Sentences 8.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 8.2 Consistency in Combining Principles and Rules Chapter 9 To Make Comments and Descriptions 9.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 9.2 To Make Comments about Objects 9.3 To Describe Properties of Objects 9.4 To Describe Definitions 9.5 To Make Comparisons and Conclusions Chapter 10 To Describe Existence 10.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 10.2 To Describe Existence in General Statuses 10.3 To Describe Existence in Specific Statuses Chapter 11 To Describe Acts 11.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 11.2 To Describe Issuers and Acts 11.3 To Describe Acts and Receivers 11.4 To Describe Issuers, Acts, and Receivers 11.5 Special Sentence Structures Chapter 12 To Raise Questions: Yes or No 12.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 12.2 To Apply Interrogative Words 12.3 To Apply Reduplicative Structures 12.4 To Apply Independent Structures Chapter 13 To Raise Questions: Ask for Details 13.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 13.2 To Inquire about Unknown People 13.3 To Inquire about Unknown Things 13.4 To Inquire about Unknown Acts 13.5 To Inquire about Unknown Places 13.6 To Inquire about Specific Unknown Objects 13.7 To Inquire about Unknown Statuses 13.8 To Inquire about Unknown Reasons 13.9 To Inquire about Unknown Quantities 13.10 To Inquire about Unknown Times 13.11 Know More, Do More Chapter 14 Past, Present, and Future 14.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 14.2 Tense of Present Indefinite 14.3 Tense of Past Indefinite 14.4 Tense of Future Indefinite 14.5 Tense of Present Continuous 14.6 Tense of Past Continuous 14.7 Tense of Future Continuous 14.8 Tense of Present Perfect 14.9 Tense of Past Perfect 14.10 Tense of Future Perfect 14.11 Know More, Do More Chapter 15 Start, End, and Span 15.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 15.2 To Describe a Specific Point 15.3 To Describe a Span 15.4 Know More, Do More Chapter 16 Connection and Integration 16.1 Concepts and Mechanisms 16.2 To Specify Coordinating Relationships 16.3 To Specify Progressive Relationships 16.4 To Specify Adversative Relationships 16.5 To Specify Conditional Relationships 16.6 To Specify Cause-and-Effect Relationships 16.7 To Specify Objective Relationships 16.8 To Apply Independent Reminding Words 16.9 Know More, Do More
