Beginner S Guide To Flux Crystal Growth

Author : Makoto Tachibana
Publisher : Springer
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9784431565871

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Beginner’s Guide to Flux Crystal Growth by Makoto Tachibana Pdf

This book introduces the principles and techniques of crystal growth by the flux method, which is arguably the most useful way to obtain millimeter- to centimeter-sized single crystals for physical research. As it is possible to find an appropriate solvent (“flux”) for nearly all inorganic materials, the flux method can be applied to the growth of many crystals ranging from transition metal oxides to intermetallic compounds. Both important principles and experimental procedures are described in a clear and accessible manner. Practical advice on various aspects of the experiment, which is not readily available in the literature, will assist the beginning graduate students in setting up the lab and conducting successful crystal growth. The mechanisms of crystal growth at an elementary level are also provided to better understand the techniques and to help in assessing the quality of the crystals. The book also contains many photographs of beautiful crystals with important physical properties of current interest, such as high-temperature superconductors, strongly correlated electronic systems, topological insulators, relaxor ferroelectrics, low-dimensional quantum magnets, non-linear optical materials, and multiferroics.

Author : Ivan V. Markov
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 566 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789812382450

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Crystal Growth for Beginners by Ivan V. Markov Pdf

This is the first-ever textbook on the fundamentals of nucleation, crystal growth and epitaxy. It has been written from a unified point of view and is thus a non-eclectic presentation of this interdisciplinary topic in materials science. The reader is required to possess some basic knowledge of mathematics and physics. All formulae and equations are accompanied by examples that are of technological importance. The book presents not only the fundamentals but also the state of the art in the subject. The second revised edition includes two separate chapters dealing with the effect of the Enrich-Schwoebel barrier for down-step diffusion, as well as the effect of surface active species, on the morphology of the growing surfaces. In addition, many other chapters are updated accordingly. Thus, it serves as a valuable reference book for both graduate students and researchers in materials science.

Author : Peter G Read
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781483183121

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Beginner's Guide to Gemmology by Peter G Read Pdf

Beginner's Guide to Gemmology presents the profiles of the principal gem materials. This book discusses the interesting characteristics of gemstones as the growing consumer market jewelry resulted in increased sales of gem testing instruments. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the development of the science of gemmology. This text then explains the fundamental qualities necessary in a gem, including color, hardness, specific gravity, crystallography, refractive index, pleochroism, critical angle, luminescence, and absorption spectra. Other chapters consider the organic gem materials, including amber, ivory, coral, tortoiseshell, jet, ebony, and pearl. This book discusses as well the various methods used in the production of man-made gemstones and the commercial use in gem testing. The final chapter deals with the composition of synthetic gemstones. This book is a valuable resource for gemmologists and jewelers. Students who intend to become a qualified gemologist will also find this book extremely useful.

Author : Gang Cao,Lance DeLong
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199602025

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Physics of Spin-Orbit-Coupled Oxides by Gang Cao,Lance DeLong Pdf

This book is aimed at graduate students, post docs and senior researchers with preliminary expertise in materials physics or chemistry, and with an interest in the physical and chemical properties of 4d- and 5d transition metal oxides, especially ruthenates and iridates. The 4d- and 5d-transition metal oxides are among the most current and interesting quantum materials. This book reviews recent experimental and theoretical evidence that the physical and structural properties of these materials are decisively influenced by strong spin-orbit interactions that compete with comparable Coulomb, magnetic exchange and crystalline electric field interactions. This competition often leads to unusual ground states and magnetic frustration that are unique to this class of materials. Novel coupling between the orbital/lattice and spin degrees of freedom, which seriously challenge current theoretical models and are not addressed by traditional textbooks, are of particular interest, This book also reviews a few techniques for single-crystal growth that are most suitable for the 4d- and 5d-transition metal oxides. The discussion is intended to help fill an existing void in the literature describing relevant synthesis techniques for 4d- and 5d-materials, which is a daunting experimental challenge.

Author : Song Sun,Wei Tan,Su-Huai Wei
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2022-10-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000772593

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Emergent Micro- and Nanomaterials for Optical, Infrared, and Terahertz Applications by Song Sun,Wei Tan,Su-Huai Wei Pdf

Driven by continuing pursuits in device miniaturization and performance improvement, emergent micro- and nanomaterials hold the keys to enabling next-generation technologies in optical, infrared, and terahertz applications, owing to their unique properties and strong responses in these frequency bands. Development of these fascinating materials has triggered a number of opportunities in the applied sciences, and some have even made their impact in the market. Emergent Micro- and Nanomaterials for Optical, Infrared, and Terahertz Applications reviews state-of-the-art developments in various emergent materials and their implementation in applications such as sensors, waveplates, communications, and light sources, among others. The book discusses the similarities, advantages, and limitations and offers a comparative of each material. This volume: Covers all emergent materials (natural and artificial) that are promising for optical, infrared, and terahertz applications Comparatively analyzes these materials, elucidating their unique advantages, limitations, and application scopes Provides an up-to-date record on achievements and progress in cutting-edge optical, infrared, and terahertz applications Offers a comprehensive overview to connect multidisciplinary fields, such as materials, physics, and optics, to serve as a basis for future progress This book is a valuable reference for engineers, researchers, and students in the areas of materials and optics, as well as physics, and will benefit both junior- and senior-level researchers.

Author : Anthony V Powell
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781788019606

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Inorganic Thermoelectric Materials by Anthony V Powell Pdf

Thermoelectric devices convert a heat flux directly into electrical power. They afford opportunities to achieve efficiency savings in a variety of applications, through the conversion of otherwise waste heat into useful electrical energy. Operated in reverse mode, they provide effective thermal management in areas ranging from cooling of electronic components to battery conditioning in electric vehicles. Implementation of thermoelectric technology requires materials with improved performance and stability, containing readily-available and inexpensive elements. A range of thermoelectric materials for use in different temperature regimes has emerged. Knowledge of the complex relationship between composition, structure and physical properties is central to understanding the performance of these advanced materials. This book provides both an introduction to the field of thermoelectrics and a survey of the state-of-the-art. Chapters review the important new families of advanced materials that have emerged and taken the field beyond traditional thermoelectric materials such as Bi2Te3, PbTe and SiGe. The emphasis is on the relationship between chemical composition, structure over a range of length scales and the physical properties that underlie performance. Edited by a leader in the field, and with contributions from global experts, Inorganic Thermoelectric Materials serves as an introduction to thermoelectric materials and is accessible to advanced undergraduates and postgraduates, as well as experienced researchers

Author : Rainer Pöttgen,Dirk Johrendt
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 501 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2019-07-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110637007

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Intermetallics by Rainer Pöttgen,Dirk Johrendt Pdf

The expanded edition focuses still more on Synthesis discussing necessary requirements for sample preparation and presents the broad range from structural analysis to property investigations. Additional examples of chemical and physical properties are highlighted for metallic, binary and multinary intermetallic compounds. The work contains an up-dated literature overview in all sub-chapters and a detailed formulae index.

Author : A. K. Batra,M. D. Aggarwal
Publisher : SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Crystal growth
ISBN : 1510617124

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Field Guide to Crystal Growth by A. K. Batra,M. D. Aggarwal Pdf

"Crystal growth is the art and science of growing crystals to facilitate high-technology applications in lasers, semiconducting devices, computers, magnetic and optical devices, optical processors, and pharmaceuticals, among others. This Field Guide examines the basic phenomena and techniques of growing bulk single crystals from solution, melt, and vapors. Some techniques for growth in the microgravity environment of space are also addressed. Other topics include how to choose the right crystallization method (concentration gradient or thermal gradient) based on the physical and chemical properties of the system, and the best solvents, agents, and temperatures to produce high-quality crystals"--

Author : Michael O'Donoghue
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Crystal growth
ISBN : UCR:31210007734203

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Crystal Growth by Michael O'Donoghue Pdf

Author : Luis Taylor
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2021-10-23
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 1802689451

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Crystals for Beginners: The Ultimate Beginners Guide to Understanding and Using Healing Crystals and Stones by Luis Taylor Pdf

Heal your mind and spirit through the restorative power of crystals―the beginner's guide Discover how crystals and healing stones can help you fight stress, cope with anxiety, and more as you explore the basics of crystal energy healing with this beginner's guide. With simple step-by-step guidance, you'll learn to curate your own crystal collection, and detailed crystal profiles will help you choose the crystal that works best for your healing. Unearth the power of healing crystals with: Clear guidance―Explore every facet of crystal healing, including how to use each crystal Healing remedies―Overcome negative emotions and foster positive growth using specific crystal prescriptions and healing mantras. Clear descriptions of crystals and their unique healing properties Harmonize and heal your body, spirit, and mind with Crystals for Beginners.

Author : Roland Madar,Jean Camassel,Elisabeth Blanquet
Publisher : Trans Tech Publications Ltd
Page : 1548 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2004-06-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783035706291

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Silicon Carbide and Related Materials 2003 by Roland Madar,Jean Camassel,Elisabeth Blanquet Pdf

Because of their many superior properties, including a wide band-gap and high breakdown field, which are different to those of conventional semiconductors such as Si and GaAs, compounds such as SiC, III-Nitrides and related materials are currently attracting increasing attention and are being targeted as possible solutions in a variety of problematic fields of electronic application: including high temperature, high power, radiation-resistant and microwave use. Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).

Author : Fern Green
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0733642020

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A Beginner's Guide to Crystals by Fern Green Pdf

70 easy, tasty and healthy breakfast recipes to start the day.

Author : Brian R. Pamplin
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 630 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483161464

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Crystal Growth by Brian R. Pamplin Pdf

Crystal Growth, Second Edition deals with crystal growth methods and the relationships between them. The chemical physics of crystal growth is discussed, along with solid growth techniques such as annealing, sintering, and hot pressing; melt growth techniques such as normal freezing, cooled seed method, crystal pulling, and zone melting; solution growth methods; and vapor phase growth. This book is comprised of 15 chapters and opens with a bibliography of books and source material, highlighted by a classification of crystal growth techniques. The following chapters focus on the molecular state of a crystal when in equilibrium with respect to growth or dissolution; the fundamentals of classical and modern hydrodynamics as applied to crystal growth processes; creation, control, and measurement of the environment in which a crystal with desired properties can grow; and growth processes where transport occurs through the vapor phase. The reader is also introduced to crystal growth with molecular beam epitaxy; crystal pulling as a crystal growth method; and zone refining and its applications. This monograph will be of interest to physicists and crystallographers.

Author : Vijay Narayanan,Martin M Frank,Alexander A Demkov
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789814740494

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Thin Films on Silicon by Vijay Narayanan,Martin M Frank,Alexander A Demkov Pdf

This volume provides a broad overview of the fundamental materials science of thin films that use silicon as an active substrate or passive template, with an emphasis on opportunities and challenges for practical applications in electronics and photonics. It covers three materials classes on silicon: Semiconductors such as undoped and doped Si and SiGe, SiC, GaN, and III-V arsenides and phosphides; dielectrics including silicon nitride and high-k, low-k, and electro-optically active oxides; and metals, in particular silicide alloys. The impact of film growth and integration on physical, electrical, and optical properties, and ultimately device performance, is highlighted.

Author : John Britt
Publisher : Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Art
ISBN : 1600592163

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The Complete Guide to High-Fire Glazes by John Britt Pdf

"With recipes for mixing, testing, applying, and firing hundreds of high-fire glazes, this fully illustrated reference will help all ceramists gain a better understanding of glazes and the factors that make them work."--Book Jacket.