Biodiversity In Ecosystems

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The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity in Business and Enterprise

Joshua Bishop
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity in Business and Enterprise Book PDF

Author : Joshua Bishop
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781136497124

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The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity in Business and Enterprise by Joshua Bishop Pdf

This book is a product of the TEEB study (The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity). It provides important evidence of growing corporate concern about biodiversity loss and offers examples of how leading companies are taking action to conserve biodiversity and to restore ecosystems. This book reviews indicators and drivers of biodiversity loss and ecosystem decline, and shows how these present both risks and opportunities to all businesses. It examines the changing preferences of consumers for nature-friendly products and services, and offers examples of how companies are responding. The book also describes recent initiatives to enable businesses to measure, value and report their impacts and dependencies on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The authors review a range of practical tools to manage biodiversity risks in business, with examples of how companies are using these tools to reduce costs, protect their brands and deliver real business value. The book also explores the emergence of new business models that deliver biodiversity benefits and ecosystem services on a commercial basis, the policy enabling frameworks needed to stimulate investment and entrepreneurship to realize such opportunities, and the obstacles that must be overcome. The book further examines how businesses can align their actions in relation to biodiversity and ecosystem services with other corporate responsibility initiatives, including community engagement and poverty reduction. Finally, the book concludes with a summary and recommendations for action.

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function

Ernst-Detlef Schulze,Harold A. Mooney
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function Book PDF

Author : Ernst-Detlef Schulze,Harold A. Mooney
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 527 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642580017

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Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function by Ernst-Detlef Schulze,Harold A. Mooney Pdf

The biota of the earth is being altered at an unprecedented rate. We are witnessing wholesale exchanges of organisms among geographic areas that were once totally biologically isolated. We are seeing massive changes in landscape use that are creating even more abundant succes sional patches, reductions in population sizes, and in the worst cases, losses of species. There are many reasons for concern about these trends. One is that we unfortunately do not know in detail the conse quences of these massive alterations in terms of how the biosphere as a whole operates or even, for that matter, the functioning of localized ecosystems. We do know that the biosphere interacts strongly with the atmospheric composition, contributing to potential climate change. We also know that changes in vegetative cover greatly influence the hydrology and biochemistry ofa site or region. Our knowledge is weak in important details, however. How are the many services that ecosystems provide to humanity altered by modifications of ecosystem composition? Stated in another way, what is the role of individual species in ecosystem function? We are observing the selective as well as wholesale alteration in the composition of ecosystems. Do these alterations matter in respect to how ecosystems operate and provide services? This book represents the initial probing of this central ques tion. It will be followed by other volumes in this series examining in depth the functional role of biodiversity in various ecosystems of the world.

Biodiversity in Ecosystems

Juan A. Blanco,Yueh-Hsin Lo,Shovonlal Roy
Biodiversity in Ecosystems Book PDF

Author : Juan A. Blanco,Yueh-Hsin Lo,Shovonlal Roy
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 644 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789535120285

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Biodiversity in Ecosystems by Juan A. Blanco,Yueh-Hsin Lo,Shovonlal Roy Pdf

The term biodiversity has become a mainstream concept that can be found in any newspaper at any given time. Concerns on biodiversity protection are usually linked to species protection and extinction risks for iconic species, such as whales, pandas and so on. However, conserving biodiversity has much deeper implications than preserving a few (although important) species. Biodiversity in ecosystems is tightly linked to ecosystem functions such as biomass production, organic matter decomposition, ecosystem resilience, and others. Many of these ecological processes are also directly implied in services that the humankind obtains from ecosystems. The first part of this book will introduce different concepts and theories important to understand the links between ecosystem function and ecosystem biodiversity. The second part of the book provides a wide range of different studies showcasing the evidence and practical implications of such relationships.

Perspectives for Biodiversity and Ecosystems

Carsten Hobohm
Perspectives for Biodiversity and Ecosystems Book PDF

Author : Carsten Hobohm
Publisher : Springer
Page : 483 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2022-02-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 3030577120

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Perspectives for Biodiversity and Ecosystems by Carsten Hobohm Pdf

The novelty of the book is a strong focus on perception, perspectives and prediction by scientists with profound insight into the ecology of ecosystems or into human demands and activity. The challenge is to bridge from empirical data and the knowledge of the past to the possibilities of the performance in the future. We assume that there is scope for more cooperation between the fields of ecology and practical philosophy or other social sciences in organising ecosystems and shaping the cultural future of humankind, and that such collaboration should be accorded considerably more priority. This book deals with environmental processes seen within a framework of the nature of ecosystems and human cultures. The future of the environment, the development of ecosystems and effective nature conservation management are the essentials of this book. Human nature and culture, and in particular their interactions, are interpreted as a set of rules and as given. The aim is not only to assess the significance of human influence on species composition and biodiversity but also to weigh up the subsequent potentials for action. In this book we will analyze the problems independently of one another, even if they are interconnected. This book focuses on perspectives and prognoses for the impacts of anthropogenic activity on ecosystems and thus on species conservation. Its goal is to improve assessments of the impacts of human activity on the environment. We are aware that prognoses have very often proven to be false. It is difficult to impossible to be able to predict with precision how evolution and ecosystems will change in future under anthropogenic influence. This strengthens our resolve to attempt to retain the highest possible degree of scientific integrity and professionalism and not to shy away from expressing the uncertainty of our own ideas and prognoses. We venture prognoses in this book and we will fail. However, we hope that we will be wrong on the right side.

The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Ecological and Economic Foundations

Pushpam Kumar
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity Ecological and Economic Foundations Book PDF

Author : Pushpam Kumar
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136538803

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The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Ecological and Economic Foundations by Pushpam Kumar Pdf

Human well-being relies critically on ecosystem services provided by nature. Examples include water and air quality regulation, nutrient cycling and decomposition, plant pollination and flood control, all of which are dependent on biodiversity. They are predominantly public goods with limited or no markets and do not command any price in the conventional economic system, so their loss is often not detected and continues unaddressed and unabated. This in turn not only impacts human well-being, but also seriously undermines the sustainability of the economic system. It is against this background that TEEB: The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity project was set up in 2007 and led by the United Nations Environment Programme to provide a comprehensive global assessment of economic aspects of these issues. This book, written by a team of international experts, represents the scientific state of the art, providing a comprehensive assessment of the fundamental ecological and economic principles of measuring and valuing ecosystem services and biodiversity, and showing how these can be mainstreamed into public policies. This volume and subsequent TEEB outputs will provide the authoritative knowledge and guidance to drive forward the biodiversity conservation agenda for the next decade.

The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity in National and International Policy Making

Patrick ten Brink
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity in National and International Policy Making Book PDF

Author : Patrick ten Brink
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2012-09-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136538728

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The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity in National and International Policy Making by Patrick ten Brink Pdf

The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) study is a major international initiative drawing attention to local, national and global economic benefits of biodiversity, to highlight the growing costs of biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation, the benefits of investing in natural capital, and to draw together expertise from the fields of science, economics and policy to enable practical actions. Drawing on a team of more than one hundred authors and reviewers, this book demonstrates the value of ecosystems and biodiversity to the economy, society and individuals. It underlines the urgency of strategic policy making and action at national and international levels, and presents a rich evidence base of policies and instruments in use around the world and a wide range of innovative solutions. It highlights the need for new public policy to reflect the appreciation that public goods and social benefits are often overlooked and that we need a transition to decision making which integrates the many values of nature across policy sectors. It explores the range of instruments to reward those offering ecosystem service benefits, such as water provision and climate regulation. It looks at fiscal and regulatory instruments to reduce the incentives of those running down our natural capital, and at reforming subsidies such that they respond to current and future priorities. The authors also consider two major areas of investment in natural capital - protected areas and investment in restoration. Overall the book underlines the needs and ways to transform our approach to natural capital, and demonstrates how we can practically take into account the value of ecosystems and biodiversity in policy decisions - at national and international levels - to promote the protection of our environment and contribute to a sustainable economy and to the wellbeing of societies.

Islands

Peter Vitousek,Lloyd L. Loope,Hennig Adsersen
Islands Book PDF

Author : Peter Vitousek,Lloyd L. Loope,Hennig Adsersen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642789632

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Islands by Peter Vitousek,Lloyd L. Loope,Hennig Adsersen Pdf

Oceanic islands represent a set of systems in which biological diversity varies as a consequence of remoteness or size, not environment; they are also generally simpler than continental ecosystems. Islands therefore provide an opportunity to determine the direct effects of biological diversity on ecosystem function. The volume addresses the components of biological diversity on islands and their patterns of variation; the modern threats to the maintenance of biological diversity on islands; the consequences of island biology and its modification by humanity regarding aspects of ecosystem function; the global implications of islands for conservation; and how islands can help one to understand the processes inducing changes throughout the world.

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning

Michel Loreau,Shahid Naeem,Pablo Inchausti
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning Book PDF

Author : Michel Loreau,Shahid Naeem,Pablo Inchausti
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0198515715

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Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning by Michel Loreau,Shahid Naeem,Pablo Inchausti Pdf

Increasing domination of ecosystems by humans is steadily transforming them into depauperate systems. How will this loss of biodiversity affect the functioning and stability of natural and managed ecosystems? This work provides comprehensive coverage of empirical and theoretical research.

Biodiversity

Takuya Abe,Simon A. Levin,Masahiko Higashi
Biodiversity Book PDF

Author : Takuya Abe,Simon A. Levin,Masahiko Higashi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461219064

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Biodiversity by Takuya Abe,Simon A. Levin,Masahiko Higashi Pdf

Despite acknowledgment that loss of living diversity is an international biological crisis, the ecological causes and consequences of extinction have not yet been widely addressed. In honor of Edward O. Wilson, winner of the 1993 International Prize for Biology, an international group of distinguished biologists bring ecological, evolutionary, and management perspectives to the issue of biodiversity. The roles of ecosystem processes, community structure and population dynamics are considered in this book. The goal, as Wilson writes in his introduction, is "to assemble concepts that unite the disciplines of systematics and ecology, and in so doing to create a sound scientific basis for the future management of biodiversity."

Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems

George W. Davis,David M. Richardson
Mediterranean Type Ecosystems Book PDF

Author : George W. Davis,David M. Richardson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642788819

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Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems by George W. Davis,David M. Richardson Pdf

Human activities are causing species extinctions at a rate and magnitude rivaling those of past geologic extinction events. Exploring mediterranean-type ecosystems - the Mediterranean Basin, California, Chile, Australia, and South Africa - this volume addresses the question whether biological diversity plays a significant role in the functioning of natural ecosystems, and to what extent that diversity can be reduced without causing system malfunction. Comparative studies in ecosystems that are similar in certain respects, but differ in others, offer considerable scope for gaining new insights into the links between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.

Conserving Biodiversity

National Research Council,Board on Science and Technology for International Development
Conserving Biodiversity Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Board on Science and Technology for International Development
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1992-02-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309046831

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Conserving Biodiversity by National Research Council,Board on Science and Technology for International Development Pdf

The loss of the earth's biological diversity is widely recognized as a critical environmental problem. That loss is most severe in developing countries, where the conditions of human existence are most difficult. Conserving Biodiversity presents an agenda for research that can provide information to formulate policy and design conservation programs in the Third World. The book includes discussions of research needs in the biological sciences as well as economics and anthropology, areas of critical importance to conservation and sustainable development. Although specifically directed toward development agencies, non-governmental organizations, and decisionmakers in developing nations, this volume should be of interest to all who are involved in the conservation of biological diversity.

Biodiversity in ecosystems: principles and case studies of different complexity levels

Anselm Kratochwil
Biodiversity in ecosystems principles and case studies of different complexity levels Book PDF

Author : Anselm Kratochwil
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2013-12-01
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789401146777

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Biodiversity in ecosystems: principles and case studies of different complexity levels by Anselm Kratochwil Pdf

This volume does not aim at merely adding to the vast and increasing number of individual publications on `biodiversity'. Rather it is our objective to investigate biodiversity on the previously little studied coenosis and landscape levels. Phytosociological and animal-ecological fields are considered, as well as theoretical approaches to biodiversity and aspects of its application in nature and landscape protection and preservation. Since biodiversity has so far been predominantly studied in the Anglo-American area, it seemed to be of value to discuss this complex topic from a central and southern European viewpoint, based on data gathered in these regions, and thus to promote a global discussion.

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Processes in Tropical Forests

Gordon H. Orians,Rodolfo Dirzo,J. Hall Cushman
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Processes in Tropical Forests Book PDF

Author : Gordon H. Orians,Rodolfo Dirzo,J. Hall Cushman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642797552

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Biodiversity and Ecosystem Processes in Tropical Forests by Gordon H. Orians,Rodolfo Dirzo,J. Hall Cushman Pdf

Although biologists have directed much attention to estimating the extent and causes of species losses, the consequences for ecosystem functioning have been little studied. This book examines the impact of biodiversity on ecosystem processes in tropical forests - one of the most species-rich and at the same time most endangered ecosystems on earth. It covers the relationships between biodiversity and primary production, secondary production, biogeochemical cycles, soil processes, plant life forms, responses to disturbance, and resistance to invasion. The analyses focus on the key ecological interfaces where the loss of keystone species is most likely to influence the rate and stability of ecosystem processes.

Perspectives on Biodiversity

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Noneconomic and Economic Value of Biodiversity
Perspectives on Biodiversity Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Noneconomic and Economic Value of Biodiversity
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1999-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309065818

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Perspectives on Biodiversity by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Noneconomic and Economic Value of Biodiversity Pdf

Resource-management decisions, especially in the area of protecting and maintaining biodiversity, are usually incremental, limited in time by the ability to forecast conditions and human needs, and the result of tradeoffs between conservation and other management goals. The individual decisions may not have a major effect but can have a cumulative major effect. Perspectives on Biodiversity reviews current understanding of the value of biodiversity and the methods that are useful in assessing that value in particular circumstances. It recommends and details a list of components-including diversity of species, genetic variability within and among species, distribution of species across the ecosystem, the aesthetic satisfaction derived from diversity, and the duty to preserve and protect biodiversity. The book also recommends that more information about the role of biodiversity in sustaining natural resources be gathered and summarized in ways useful to managers. Acknowledging that decisions about biodiversity are necessarily qualitative and change over time because of the nonmarket nature of so many of the values, the committee recommends periodic reviews of management decisions.

Maintaining Biodiversity in Forest Ecosystems

Malcolm L. Hunter
Maintaining Biodiversity in Forest Ecosystems Book PDF

Author : Malcolm L. Hunter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 720 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1999-06-10
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521637686

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Maintaining Biodiversity in Forest Ecosystems by Malcolm L. Hunter Pdf

Discusses the ways in which we can continue to benefit from forests, while conserving their biodiversity.