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Biogas Processes for Sustainable Development by Uri Marchaim,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf
Intended to assist engineers, government officials and funding agencies to meet present and future challenges and make decisions on the promotion of anaerobic digestion as an alternative source of energy.
Author : R. S. Khoiyangbam,Navindu Gupta,Sushil Kumar Publisher : The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) Page : 217 pages File Size : 44,7 Mb Release : 2011-01-01 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9788179934043
Biogas Technology by R. S. Khoiyangbam,Navindu Gupta,Sushil Kumar Pdf
The global demand for energy is met mainly by fossil fuels. Their excessive and indiscriminate use, coupled with increasing demand for energy, will soon deplete their existing reserves. Therefore, it is extremely important to find alternative, environment-friendly, and ecologically sound sources of energy for meeting the present and future energy requirements. Biogas Technology: Towards Sustainable Development makes an attempt to explore the potential of utilizing biodegradable biomass as fuel and manure.
The role of biogas in a more sustainable energy system in Sweden by Sofia Dahlgren Pdf
There are numerous problems in the world that need to be dealt with in order to achieve sustainable development. The energy system has significant negative impacts on many of these problems, and there is a need for a transition towards more sustainable energy. Sweden has already started this transition and is using large amounts of renewable energy. However, within the transport sector and the manufacturing sector in particular, large amounts of fossil fuels are still used. Biogas is one alternative that can help solve several sustainability problems and that could be part of a future more sustainable energy system. However, it is not certain what biogas is most suitable to be used for. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how biogas should be used in a future more sustainable energy system, by answering three research questions: 1) In what ways can biogas be used in a more sustainable energy system? 2) How can we assess whether biogas is suitable in a specific context? and 3) What determines whether it is easy or difficult for a user to start using biogas? These questions are explored in a Swedish context using four appended articles, which are based on two collaborative projects using a combination of workshops, literature reviews and interviews. Biogas can be used for heat, electricity or fuel in the manufacturing or transport sector. In Sweden, heat and electricity are mainly of interest for smaller production scales, while production on larger scales will likely be dominated by upgrading mostly to CBG but also to LBG. CBG can be used for less energy-intensive purposes, such as cars or buses, while the growing interest in LBG in Sweden may open up new market segments for biogas which are more energy-intensive, such as heavy trucks or shipping, or in geographical locations that are further away from the site of production. Several sustainability assessment methods exist that can be used to evaluate whether biogas is suitable in a specific context, such as multi-criteria assessments or scenario analyses. These methods can include a number of different aspects that are relevant to biogas use, such as GHG emissions, safety issues, and the vitality of the surrounding region. In order to introduce biogas, six main factors were identified that can make this easier or more difficult: technical maturity, tank volume, distance between the producer and the user, scale of energy use, policies and costs, and strategies of individual organizations. Overall, the rise in LBG production creates new opportunities for biogas use in both geographical and usage areas that did not previously use biogas. There is no simple answer to what biogas should be used for in the future – rather, this depends on the circumstances. It is also possible that the usage areas that are most suitable now for biogas might not be the most suitable areas in the future, depending on developments within, for example, the electricity system and hydrogen. However, CBG and LBG are likely to dominate biogas production in Sweden until then.
Biomethane through Resource Circularity by Sadhan Kumar Ghosh,Michael Nelles,H.N. Chanakya,Debendra Chandra Baruah Pdf
Biomethane through resource circularity: Research, Technology and Practices is an invaluable resource for researchers, policy makers, implementers and PhD and Marsters level students in universities analyzing the present status, waste biomass including agro wastes, success in experimentation & commercial production, future needs and other relevant areas. While huge biomass is wasted by open burning, there is potential of energy generation that can be extracted from the biomass preventing GHG emission and creating business opportunities. Abundance and renewable bioenergy can contribute to a more secure, sustainable, and economically sound future through biomethanation process by selecting followings: Supply chain sustainability of clean energy sources Appropriate Anaerobic Digestion technology with different feedstock Processes Parameter Optimization and best fit conditions, Productivity, Purification of biogas and end use Economic feasibility as business case, Commercialization, generating employment and Revitalizing rural economies This book addresses most of the above issues in lucid manner by experts in the field from different countries which are helpful for the related stakeholders edited by experts in the field.
Uri Marchaim,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Author : Uri Marchaim,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher : Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) Page : 356 pages File Size : 47,7 Mb Release : 1992 Category : Science ISBN : 9251031266
Biogas Processes for Sustainable Development by Uri Marchaim,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf
Intended to assist engineers, government officials and funding agencies to meet present and future challenges and make decisions on the promotion of anaerobic digestion as an alternative source of energy.
Biogas Plants Comprehensive resource highlighting the global significance of biogas and reviewing the current status of biogas production. Biogas Plants presents an overview of biogas production, starting from the substrates (characteristics, pretreatment, and storage), addressing technical and technological aspects of fermentation processes, and covering the environmental and agricultural significance of obtained digestate. Written by a team of experts with extensive theoretical and practical experience in the areas of bio-waste, biogas plants, and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, Biogas Plants discusses keys topics including: Anaerobic digestion, including discussion of substrates and products Advantages of biogas plants, with emphasis on their future potential for stable and controlled renewable energy Global significance of the biogas sector, including its importance in electro-energy system stabilization, biogas plants for energy storage, bio-waste utilization, and biomethane production A thorough and complete resource on the subject, Biogas Plants will appeal to academic researchers and industry scientists and engineers working in the fields of biogas, bio-waste, bioenergy, renewable resources, waste management and carbon reduction, along with process engineers, environmental engineers, biotechnologists, and agricultural scientists. For more information on the Wiley Series in Renewable Resources, visit www.wiley.com/go/rrs
Renewable Energy Technologies for Energy Efficient Sustainable Development by Arindam Sinharoy,Piet N. L. Lens Pdf
The depletion of fossil fuel reserves and concerns for environmental degradation due to the fossil fuel burning have led the scientific community to look for alternative renewable energy sources. Among the available renewable energy sources, bioenergy derived from biomass and waste resources have great potential to not only prevent environmental pollution but also be a carbon neutral energy source. In addition, adaptation of this technology could streamline new green products, alternative energy sources into real-world applications and promote a circular economy towards zero-waste approach. This book tries to bridge the existing knowledge gap in the area of bioenergy resources. The first two chapters provide introduction to the anaerobic digestion (AD) technologies and direct interspecies electron transfer in AD. The next three chapters are on biomass pretreatment technologies for process improvement. The sixth to eighth chapter discuses biogas and other by-product production from specific wastes such from dairy, food and agricultural solid waste. The following two chapters focuses on the downstream processing of anaerobic digestate and on biochar production. Integration of AD in biorefineries using bioelectrochemical systems, syngas fermentation and electricity production are discussed in the next three chapters. The final two chapters elaborates on life cycle assessment of AD based technologies.
Renewable Energy Systems from Biomass by Vladimir Strezov,Hossain Md. Anawar Pdf
New innovations are needed for the invention of more efficient, affordable, sustainable and renewable energy systems, as well as for the mitigation of climate change and global environmental issues. In response to a fast-growing interest in the realm of renewable energy, Renewable Energy Systems: Efficiency, Innovation and Sustainability identifies a need to synthesize relevant and up-to-date information in a single volume. This book describes a systems approach to renewable energy, including technological, political, economic, social and environmental viewpoints, as well as policies and benefits. This unique and concise text, encompassing all aspects of the field in a single source, focuses on truly promising innovative and affordable renewable energy systems. Key Features: Focuses on innovations in renewable energy systems that are affordable and sustainable Collates the most relevant and up-to-date information on renewable energy systems, in a single and unique volume Discusses lifecycle assessment, cost and availability of systems Emphasizes bio-related topics Provides a systems approach to the renewable energy technologies and discusses technological, political, economic, social, and environmental viewpoints as well as policies
Biogas Production by Nagamani Balagurusamy,Anuj Kumar Chandel Pdf
This book focuses on biogas production by anaerobic digestion, which is the most popular bioenergy technology of today. Using anaerobic digestion for the production of biogas is a sustainable approach that simultaneously also allows the treatment of organic waste. The energy contained in the substrate is released in the form of biogas, which can be employed as a renewable fuel in diverse industrial sectors. Although biogas generation is considered an established process, it continues to evolve, e.g. by incorporating modifications and improvements to increase its efficiency and its downstream applications. The chapters of this book review the progress made related to feedstock, system configuration and operational conditions. It also addresses microbial pathways utilized, as well as storage, transportation and usage of biogas. This book is an up-to-date resource for scientists and students working on improving biogas production.
Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering by Rupam Kataki,Ashok Pandey,Samir Kumar Khanal,Deepak Pant Pdf
Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Sustainable Bioresources for the Emerging Bioeconomy outlines recent advances in bioenergy, biorefinery and the bioeconomy, an essential element for a 21st century bio-based society. The book provides information on biomass and various conversion technologies with different parameters that affect the conversion process. Sections cover different bioproducts, biorefinery systems, energy and greenhouse gas emission balances of bioenergy and biorefinery, and environmental and economic footprints of bioeconomy. Finally, different strategies adopted by developed and developing countries for the promotion and implementation of a bioeconomy concept for a bio-based society are systematically covered. The book provides comprehensive information starting from early progress to the latest trends on bioenergy, biorefinery and bioeconomy with special reference to the developed and the developing countries and the linkage between bioeconomy and climate change mitigation in simple scientific language to appeal to a wider audience. Includes the fundamentals and concepts of biomass and bioenergy Outlines recent technology development for biomass conversion Provides concept for different bioproducts Covers global strategies and policies on the development of bioeconomies
Biomass Energy for Sustainable Development by Maulin P Shah,Pardeep Kaur Pdf
The potential future fluctuations in energy security and potential climate change impacts require an emphasis on clean and renewable energies to safeguard the environment as well as economic livelihoods. The current recalcitrant nature of biomass processing has led researchers to find the most suitable technique for its depolymerization, as well as various strategies to pretreat the biomass which include physical, thermochemical, and biochemical methods and a combination of these. Biomass Energy for Sustainable Development examines how optimal biomass utilization can reduce forest management costs, help mitigate climate change, reduce risks to life and property, and help provide a secure, competitive energy source into the future. Features: Provides a comprehensive review of biomass energy and focuses on in-depth understanding of various strategies to pretreat biomass including physical, chemical, and biological Explores multidisciplinary, novel approaches including AI for furthering the understanding and generation of models, theories, and processes in the field of bioenergy Covers the sustainable development goals for bioenergy, including the related concepts of bioeconomy and the potential environmental impact from reliance on bioenergy
Anaerobic Digestion for Sustainable Development by M. J. Lexmond Pdf
Anaerobic digestion processes for the treatment of wastewaters and sludges are well over 100 years old. The anaerobic process is a natural gasification process, producing very useful end-products. It has taken a long time to prove that these processes are useful tools in sustainable development. A breakthrough was the development of the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed reactor by Professor Gatze Lettinga. This showed that the anaerobic process could be operated as a highly effective and high-rate wastewater treatment process, opening the way to its implementation under practical conditions. It has, so far, been a struggle to prove the feasibility of anaerobic treatment, despite the obvious advantages in energy consumption, sludge production, and required land area; its drawbacks, i.e. required effluent polishing, odours, sensitivity to toxic compounds, made potential users reluctant to choose anaerobic instead of the conventional aerobic systems. However, as shown by the contributions in this issue, intensive research has overcome most of these drawbacks. To celebrate the career of Professor Lettinga, leading experts on anaerobic digestion processes were invited to highlight the state-of-the-art and future developments in their specific fields of interest. Seminar topics included microbiology, treatment of industrial wastewaters, xenobiotics and extreme environments, the biological S-cycle, treatment of domestic wastewater and the history of anaerobic digestion. The selected 20 papers in these proceedings represent the state of the art of anaerobic digestion, highlighting its impacts and potentials. They also recognised the stimulating role of Professor Gatze Lettinga in this development and agree with him that anaerobic digestion's full potential is still unexploited.
Sustainability of biogas and cassava-based ethanol value chains in Viet Nam by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf
This report presents the results of the implementation of the GBEP indicators to two key bioenergy pathways in Viet Nam: cassava-based ethanol and biogas at household, farm and industrial levels. The environmental, social and economic impacts of these two pathways are discussed, and recommendations are provided on how to improve their sustainability, efficiency and competitiveness. This work provided Viet Nam with an understanding of how to establish the means of a long-term, periodic monitoring of its domestic bioenergy sector based on the GBEP indicators. Such periodic monitoring would enhance the knowledge and understanding of this sector and more generally of the way in which the contribution of the agricultural and energy sectors to national sustainable development could be evaluated. The implementation of the GBEP indicators in Viet Nam also provided a series of lessons learnt about how to apply them as a tool for sustainable development and how to enhance their practicality.
Biomass Volume Estimation and Valorization for Energy by Jaya Shankar Tumuluru Pdf
This book is the outcome of contributions by many experts in the field from different disciplines, various backgrounds, and diverse expertise. This book provides information on biomass volume calculation methods and biomass valorization for energy production. The chapters presented in this book include original research and review articles. I hope the research presented in this book will help to advance the use of biomass for bioenergy production and valorization. The key features of the book are: Providing information on biomass volume estimation using direct, nondestructive and remote sensing methods Biomass valorization for energy using thermochemical (gasification and pyrolysis) and biochemical (fermentation) conversion processes.
